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Archives of Suicide Research : Official... 2021This study explored the impact of social support on suicidal ideation in 169 prisoners with major depressive disorder, accounting for known demographic, criminological,...
This study explored the impact of social support on suicidal ideation in 169 prisoners with major depressive disorder, accounting for known demographic, criminological, and clinical risk factors. Greater social support was associated with a lower likelihood of the presence of current suicide ideation. This effect remained significant even after adjusting for other significant predictors of suicide ideation including sex, length of sentence served, severity of current depression, and having prior suicide attempts. This study is the first to explore social support and other known risk factors for suicide ideation in a prison population with major depressive disorder. Our findings demonstrate that, even in the presence of significant risk factors for suicidal ideation, social support remained a strong predictor, suggesting the importance of fostering social support in correctional settings.
Topics: Depressive Disorder, Major; Humans; Prisoners; Risk Factors; Social Support; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide, Attempted
PubMed: 31369343
DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2019.1649773 -
Journal of Youth and Adolescence Nov 2022Parental phubbing refers to a phenomenon in which parents are distracted by their smartphones when they interact with their children. It has become a common concern and...
Parental phubbing refers to a phenomenon in which parents are distracted by their smartphones when they interact with their children. It has become a common concern and linked to adolescents' internalizing and externalizing behavior problems. However, much remains unclear about reciprocal associations among parental phubbing, self-esteem, and suicidal ideation and the potential mechanisms underlying these associations. To address these gaps, the current study tested bidirectional relationships among parental phubbing, self-esteem, and suicidal ideation, as well as the mediating role of self-esteem. In addition, the present study examined whether these relationships varied by extraversion, gender, and perceived economic stress across three time points using a cross-lagged design. A total of 2407 Chinese adolescents (50.23% girls, M = 12.75, SD = 0.58 at baseline) participated in the study. The results showed that parental phubbing was associated with self-esteem as well as with suicidal ideation, and there were bidirectional relationships between self-esteem and suicidal ideation. Self-esteem significantly mediated the association between parental phubbing and suicidal ideation. Extraversion moderated the link between parental phubbing and suicidal ideation as well as self-esteem and suicidal ideation during the first year. Gender and perceived economic stress did not play a moderating role. The results indicate that parental phubbing is a new risk factor for adolescents' suicidal ideation. Parents concerned about adolescents' self-esteem and suicidal ideation should focus on minimizing the frequency of smartphone use and teach adolescents some social skills to seek more sources of social support.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; China; Female; Humans; Male; Parents; Self Concept; Social Support; Suicidal Ideation
PubMed: 35831696
DOI: 10.1007/s10964-022-01655-9 -
The Permanente Journal Apr 2022The purpose of this study was to develop a natural language processing algorithm to identify suicidal ideation/attempt from free-text clinical notes.
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to develop a natural language processing algorithm to identify suicidal ideation/attempt from free-text clinical notes.
METHODS
Clinical notes containing prespecified keywords related to suicidal ideation/attempts from 2010 to 2018 were extracted from our organization's electronic health record system. A random sample of 864 clinical notes was selected and equally divided into 4 subsets. These subsets were reviewed and classified as 1 of the following 3 suicidal ideation/attempt categories (current, historical, and no) by experienced research chart abstractors. The first 3 data sets were used to develop the rule-based computerized algorithm sequentially and the fourth data set was used to evaluate the algorithm's performance. The validated algorithm was then applied to the entire study sample of clinical notes.
RESULTS
The computerized algorithm correctly identified 23 of the 26 confirmed current suicidal ideation/attempts and all 10 confirmed historical suicidal ideation/attempts in the validation data set. It produced an 88.5% sensitivity and a 100.0% positive predictive value for current suicidal ideation/attempts, and a 100.0% sensitivity and positive predictive value for historical suicidal ideation/attempts. After applying the computerized algorithm to the entire set of study notes, we identified a total of 1,050,287 current ideation/attempt events and 293,037 historical ideation/attempt events documented in clinical notes. Those for which current ideation/attempt events were documented were more likely to be female (59.5%), 25-44 years old (28.3%), and White (43.4%).
CONCLUSION
Our study demonstrated that a computerized algorithm can effectively identify suicidal ideation/attempts from clinical notes. This algorithm can be utilized in support of suicide prevention research programs and patient care quality improvement initiatives.
Topics: Adult; Algorithms; Delivery of Health Care, Integrated; Female; Humans; Male; Risk Factors; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide, Attempted
PubMed: 35609162
DOI: 10.7812/TPP/21.102 -
The Psychiatric Quarterly Dec 2019Globally, suicide is a major public health problem among homeless people. Suicidal ideation and attempt are remarkably higher among homeless people as compared to the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Globally, suicide is a major public health problem among homeless people. Suicidal ideation and attempt are remarkably higher among homeless people as compared to the general population and they are linked with greater risk of complete suicide. However, no systematic review and meta-analysis has been conducted to report the consolidated magnitude of suicidal ideation and attempt among homeless people. We searched PubMed, Embase, and Scopus to identify pertinent studies on suicidal ideation and attempt among homeless people. A meta-analysis of the studies was conducted using a random effect model. We also conducted a sensitivity analysis and Cochran's Q- and the I test was employed to evaluate heterogeneity. Publication bias was assessed by Egger's test and visual inspection of the symmetry in funnel plots. In total, 20 eligible studies with 27,497 homeless people matched the inclusion criteria. Nineteen studies assessed suicidal attempt and thirteen studies assessed suicidal ideation among homeless people. The pooled current and lifetime prevalence of suicidal ideation was 17.83% (95% CI;10.73-28.14) and 41.60% (95% CI; 28.55-55.95), respectively whereas the pooled current and lifetime prevalence of suicidal attempt was 9.16% (95% CI;4.10-19.20) and 28.80% (95% CI; 21.66-37.18), respectively. We found a considerable heterogeneity between the studies, but we found no significant publication bias. The current review revealed a remarkably higher magnitude of suicidal ideation and attempt among homeless people as compared to the estimated prevalence in the general population. The concerned stakeholders need to give attention to address this problem emphasizing more on prevention and treatment strategies as well as utilizing holistic approaches to address the potential predictors of suicide among homeless people including physical, mental, and substance use problems.
Topics: Ill-Housed Persons; Humans; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide, Attempted
PubMed: 31463733
DOI: 10.1007/s11126-019-09667-8 -
Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental... 2020Adolescent suicide has become a central issue around the world, including in Malaysia, which needs attention. The current study investigated the mediating effect of...
Adolescent suicide has become a central issue around the world, including in Malaysia, which needs attention. The current study investigated the mediating effect of coping strategy in the association between family functioning and suicidal ideation among adolescents in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. A total of 852 school-attending adolescents aged 13-17 years were recruited by multistage cluster sampling. The relationships between all the study variables were analysed using Pearson's correlation. Moreover, the mediation model was tested using SPSS PROCESS macro, while sex differences in suicidal ideation were examined using independent samples -test. Results showed that family cohesion, family flexibility, and problem-focused coping negatively correlated with adolescents' suicidal ideation. Problem-focused coping also mediated the association between family flexibility and suicidal ideation. There was a significant difference in suicidal ideation for males and females. Family functioning and coping strategy are related to adolescents' suicidal ideation, while problem-focused coping plays a crucial role in the relationship between family flexibility and suicidal ideation.
Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Adolescent; Adolescent Behavior; Family; Female; Humans; Malaysia; Male; Sex Factors; Suicidal Ideation
PubMed: 33345736
DOI: 10.2989/17280583.2020.1848852 -
The American Journal of Occupational... May 2022Veterans with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and associated symptoms are at risk for suicide. Postconcussive symptoms (PCS) may heighten risk for suicidal thoughts...
IMPORTANCE
Veterans with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and associated symptoms are at risk for suicide. Postconcussive symptoms (PCS) may heighten risk for suicidal thoughts by limiting veterans' participation.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate whether participation mediates the relationship between PCS and suicidal ideation.
DESIGN
Cross-sectional, exploratory design. Structural equation models were used to investigate whether participation mediated the relationship between PCS and suicidal ideation.
SETTING
Community.
PARTICIPANTS
Veterans with mTBI (N = 145).
OUTCOMES AND MEASURES
The Ohio State University TBI Identification Method was used to establish mTBI diagnosis. We identified latent variables for PCS and participation using the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory and select domains of the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36, respectively. We used the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation to measure the presence of suicidal ideation.
RESULTS
Participation mediated the relationship between PCS and the presence of suicidal ideation (odds ratio [OR] = 1.09, p = .011). More severe PCS were associated with lesser participation (β = -.86, p < .001); greater participation was associated with lower odds of suicidal ideation (OR = 0.92, p = .007).
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
PCS may heighten risk for suicidal thoughts among veterans by limiting successful participation, a primary target of occupational therapy intervention. Thus, the results suggest that occupational therapy practitioners can play a substantial role in suicide prevention services for veterans with mTBI. Preventive services could mitigate suicide risk among veterans with mTBI by enabling sustained engagement in meaningful and health-promoting activity (e.g., reasons for living) and targeting PCS. What This Article Adds: Researchers have proposed that occupational therapy practitioners can help prevent veteran suicide by supporting their engagement in meaningful, health-promoting activity and by targeting suicide risk factors within their scope of practice. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to offer empirical support for such proposed suicide prevention efforts. Although additional research is needed, these results are promising and highlight a distinct role for occupational therapy in suicide prevention.
Topics: Cross-Sectional Studies; Humans; Ohio; Suicidal Ideation; Veterans
PubMed: 35486717
DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2022.048561 -
Psychological Trauma : Theory,... Oct 2021Moral injury (an inner conflict [or cognitive dissonance] used to describe psychological, ethical, and/or spiritual conflict experienced when an individual's basic sense...
OBJECTIVE
Moral injury (an inner conflict [or cognitive dissonance] used to describe psychological, ethical, and/or spiritual conflict experienced when an individual's basic sense of humanity is violated) has been associated with suicidal ideation among military populations. However, mechanisms linking moral injury to suicidal ideation, particularly variables that may protect against suicidal ideation, have received limited attention. This study examined whether two domains of meaning in life (presence of meaning in life and searching for meaning in life) mediated the links between self- and other-directed moral injury and suicidal ideation.
METHOD
Participants were a community sample of 269 predominantly recent-era former service members who completed an online, anonymous voluntary survey.
RESULTS
When examined in separate models, self-directed moral injury and other-directed moral injury were found to associate with higher suicidal ideation via a lower presence of meaning in life (no significant associations with searching for meaning in life). When examined in an exploratory combined model (i.e., both self-directed and other-directed moral injury entered in the same model), only the association between self-directed moral injury and suicidal ideation via the presence of meaning in life remained statistically significant.
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings suggest that the presence of meaning in life may serve as a protective factor for veterans experiencing moral injury (particularly self-directed moral injury) that is associated with suicidal ideation. It is possible that guiding veterans with moral injury symptoms to develop more meaning or purpose in their lives may reduce suicidal ideation. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
Topics: Humans; Military Personnel; Risk Factors; Self-Injurious Behavior; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic; Suicidal Ideation; Veterans
PubMed: 34351211
DOI: 10.1037/tra0001047 -
Suicide & Life-threatening Behavior Apr 2022This study examines how clinicians' emotional responses to suicidal patients and their emotion regulation abilities are related to their treatment recommendations for...
OBJECTIVE
This study examines how clinicians' emotional responses to suicidal patients and their emotion regulation abilities are related to their treatment recommendations for these patients and to patients' concurrent suicidal ideation and at one-month follow-up.
METHODS
Adult psychiatric outpatients (N = 361) and the mental health professionals evaluating them for treatment (N = 43) completed self-report assessments following their first clinical meeting. Clinician emotion regulation traits, emotional responses to individual patients, and the recommended intensity of treatment were assessed. Patients were assessed for suicidal ideation immediately following the initial meeting and at a one-month follow-up. Moderation and mediation analyses were performed to examine the relationships between study variables.
RESULTS
Patient suicidal ideation at the initial clinical encounter was associated with increased negative emotions in clinicians with lower emotion regulation. Further, recommended treatment intensity was associated with clinicians' negative emotional responses but not with patient suicidal ideation among clinicians with lower emotion regulation.
CONCLUSIONS
Treatment intensification is related to clinicians' emotion regulation abilities. Clinicians' attention to their emotional responses may facilitate improved treatment process and ultimately may improve suicidal outcomes.
Topics: Adult; Emotional Regulation; Emotions; Health Personnel; Humans; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide, Attempted
PubMed: 34918383
DOI: 10.1111/sltb.12824 -
Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Feb 2023Suicidality in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is underestimated and it is important for clinicians to understand the factors that contribute to suicidal ideation....
INTRODUCTION
Suicidality in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is underestimated and it is important for clinicians to understand the factors that contribute to suicidal ideation. The present study aimed to estimate a network of the core clinical symptoms of OCD including obsessions, compulsions, and obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptom dimensions, depressive symptoms, and psychological traits, and to examine which symptoms contribute to suicidal ideation in patients with a primary diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder.
METHODS
A total of 444 patients with OCD were assessed with the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale, the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale, and various other measures. Network analysis was conducted to estimate the network of obsessive-compulsive and depressive symptoms, psychological traits including alexithymia and impulsivity, and demographic covariates. Symptoms directly related to suicidal ideation in the network were examined for their relative contribution to suicidal ideation.
RESULTS
Suicidal ideation was directly related to degree of control over compulsive behaviors, distress associated with compulsive behaviors, time spent performing compulsive behaviors, and unacceptable thoughts, along with depressive symptoms and alexithymia. In the network of OC and depressive symptoms the most central symptoms among the former were interference due to compulsive behaviors and interference due to obsessive thoughts, and among the latter were pessimistic thoughts and reported sadness.
CONCLUSION
The findings suggest that along with depressive symptoms and alexithymia, compulsions and unacceptable thoughts dimension may contribute to suicidality, and thus, should be carefully monitored in patients with OCD.
Topics: Humans; Suicidal Ideation; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder; Patients; Compulsive Behavior; Affective Symptoms
PubMed: 36330993
DOI: 10.1111/pcn.13503 -
Rhode Island Medical Journal (2013) May 2022Suicidal thought and behavior (STB) in preschool and kindergarten-age children is an alarming event. Until recently, these young children's experiences have been under...
Suicidal thought and behavior (STB) in preschool and kindergarten-age children is an alarming event. Until recently, these young children's experiences have been under recognized, in part due to an under appreciation for their awareness of the finality of death. Although rare, serious suicide attempts and death by suicide among preschool and kindergarten-age children are well documented. There is limited research on the risk factors that contribute to STB in very young children. We present de-identified case descriptions of very young children seen for psychiatric treatment at a day hospital program who presented with self-injurious behavior and suicidal ideation (SI). The patients described have common risk factors, including exposure to trauma, family conflict and family history of suicidal behavior. It is critical that children presenting with STB be assessed and offered services to mitigate these risks.
Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Risk Factors; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide, Attempted
PubMed: 35476734
DOI: No ID Found