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Poultry Science Jul 2022Allicin, one of the main bioactive compounds in garlic, is an excellent feed additive. It is unknown whether allicin affects the expression of P-gp and BCRP, 2 important...
Allicin, one of the main bioactive compounds in garlic, is an excellent feed additive. It is unknown whether allicin affects the expression of P-gp and BCRP, 2 important ABC efflux transporters related to the pharmacokinetics of antimicrobials in chickens. In this study, by bidirectional transport test and broiler jejunum in situ perfusion, we found that allicin inhibited the efflux transport of P-gp and BCRP for their substrates sulfadiazine and florfenicol, 2 commonly used antimicrobials in broilers. Furthermore, we observed that allicin decreased the mRNA expression of chicken jejunum P-gp and BCRP. Pretreatment with allicin changed the pharmacokinetic behavior of orally administered sulfadiazine, by increasing AUC (41.85 vs. 31.24, P < 0.01) and C values (9.82 vs. 8.40, P < 0.05) and decreasing CL (0.45 vs. 0.62, P < 0.01). Similarly, pretreatment with allicin also altered pharmacokinetics of orally administered florfenicol, by increasing AUC (18.38 vs. 13.52, P < 0.01) and decreasing CL. The results indicate that allicin could inhibit jejunum P-gp and BCRP expression and efflux function, thereby increasing the plasma concentrations of their substrates in broilers.
Topics: ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2; Animals; Chickens; Disulfides; Jejunum; Neoplasm Proteins; Sulfadiazine; Sulfinic Acids; Thiamphenicol
PubMed: 35688033
DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.101947 -
Environmental Science and Pollution... Mar 2021The large-scale development of animal husbandry and the wide agricultural application of livestock manure lead to more and more serious co-pollution of heavy metals and...
The large-scale development of animal husbandry and the wide agricultural application of livestock manure lead to more and more serious co-pollution of heavy metals and antibiotics in soil. In this study, two common feed additives, copper (Cu) and sulfadiazine (SDZ), were selected as target pollutants to evaluate the toxicity and interaction of antibiotics and heavy metals on ammonia oxidizers diversity, potential nitrification rate (PNR), and enzymatic activity in black soils. The results showed that soil enzyme activity was significantly inhibited by single Cu pollution, but the toxicity could be reduced by introducing low-concentration SDZ (5 mg · kg), which showed an antagonistic effect between Cu and SDZ (5 mg · kg), while the combined toxicity of high-concentration SDZ (10 mg · kg) and Cu were strengthened compared with the single Cu contamination on soil enzymes. In contrast, soil PNR was more sensitive to single Cu pollution and its combined pollution with SDZ than the enzyme activity. Real-time fluorescence quota PCR and Illumina Hiseq/Miseq sequencing results showed that ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) was decreased in C2 (200 mg · kg Cu treatment) and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) was obviously stimulated in soil contaminated in C2, while in S5 (5 mg · kg SDZ treatment), AOB was decreased; both AOA and AOB were significantly decreased at gene level in soils with combined pollutants (C2S5, 200 mg · kg Cu combined with 5 mg · kg SDZ). So, it can be concluded that combined pollution can cause more serious toxicity on the enzymatic activity, PNR, and ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms in soil through the synergistic effect between heavy metals and antibiotics pollutants.
Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Archaea; Bacteria; Copper; Nitrification; Oxidation-Reduction; Soil; Soil Microbiology; Sulfadiazine
PubMed: 33123879
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11356-0 -
International Journal of Pharmaceutics Feb 2022Ideal dressing materials for complex and large asymmetric burns should have the dual properties of anti-bacterial and regenerative with advanced applicability of direct...
Ideal dressing materials for complex and large asymmetric burns should have the dual properties of anti-bacterial and regenerative with advanced applicability of direct deposit on the wound at the patient bedside. In this study, core-shell nanofibers (polycaprolactone; PCL and polyethylene oxide; PEO) with different percent of silver sulfadiazine (SSD) loading (2-10%) were prepared by the airbrushing method using a custom build device. Results indicate a sustained release profile of silver sulfadiazine (SSD) up to 28 days and concentration-dependent anti-bacterial activity. The morphology and proliferation of human dermal fibroblast (HDF) cells and human dental follicle stem cells (HDFSC) on the silver sulfadiazine loaded nanofibers confirm the biocompatibility of airbrushed nanofibers. Moreover, upregulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins (Col I, Col III, and elastin) support the differentiation and regenerative properties of silver sulfadiazine nanofiber mats. This was further confirmed by the complete recovery of rabbit burn wound models within 7 days of silver sulfadiazine loaded nanofiber dressing. Histopathology data show silver sulfadiazine loaded core-shell nanofibers' anti-inflammatory and proliferative activity without any adverse response on the tissue. Overall data display that the airbrushed silver sulfadiazine-loaded core-shell nanofibers are effective dressing material with the possibility of direct fiber deposition on the wound to cover, heal, and regenerate large asymmetric burn wounds.
Topics: Animals; Bandages; Burns; Humans; Nanofibers; Rabbits; Silver Sulfadiazine; Wound Healing
PubMed: 34896560
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121358 -
Journal of Burn Care & Research :... May 2021In this study, the effects of carnosine, ankaferd, and 1% silver sulfadiazine applied topically on second-degree burns were investigated and the roles of irisin and Heat...
In this study, the effects of carnosine, ankaferd, and 1% silver sulfadiazine applied topically on second-degree burns were investigated and the roles of irisin and Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in this healing process were evaluated. Ninety male albino rats were used and divided into five groups. The groups were classified as control, burn, burn + carnosine (CAR), burn + ankaferd (ABS), and burn + silver sulfadiazine (SS). It was found that level of irisin increased in the first week and decreased in the second week in the burn and CAR groups. In the ABS and SS groups, the level of irisin was determined that started to increase in the first week and continued to increase in the second week. The level of HSP70 was found to increased in the first week in burn and CAR groups and decreased in the second week, but started to increase in the second week in ABS and SS groups. Both levels of irisin and HSP70 were observed to decreased in all treatment groups in the third week. In this study, it was shown that ankaferd and silver sülfadiazine treatments cause an increase in the irisin levels in the early period and a gradually increase in HSP70 levels in the later period in burns. The inflammatory response was observed to be limited in the early period in the ankaferd and sulfadiazin groups. It was concluded that these findings were effective in early wound healing in burns.
Topics: Administration, Topical; Animals; Burns; Carnosine; Disease Models, Animal; Fibronectins; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; Male; Plant Extracts; Rats; Silver Sulfadiazine; Wound Healing
PubMed: 32910166
DOI: 10.1093/jbcr/iraa156 -
The International Journal of Lower... May 2023According to the World Health Organization (WHO), ∼180,000 casualties are recorded every year due to burns, majorly from low- and middle-income countries that require... (Review)
Review
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), ∼180,000 casualties are recorded every year due to burns, majorly from low- and middle-income countries that require medical attention. For the last 5 decades, silver sulfadiazine (SSD) 1% cream has been the most widely used topical antimicrobial agent for managing burn wound infections. Although SSD is considered the gold standard therapy in burn wound management, however in the last 10 years, several studies have reported the negative impact of SSD on the wound healing process. The therapeutic potential of SSD is restricted by its poor solubility, and antimicrobial action appears only after the dissociation of SSD into silver ions (Ag) and sulfadiazine (SD). Pharmaceutical researchers and industries are looking for alternative strategies to overcome the challenges and limitations of the available SSD formulation due to rising costs, extensive time commitment, and the high risk of failure associated with the de novo development of new antimicrobial drugs. Recent advances in drug delivery systems nanotechnology-based strategies have had a colossal impact on them, particularly in burn wound management. Nanoparticulate systems and nanotools could be considered as potential drug delivery approaches for burn management. This contemporary review provides an abridgment of the literature on advanced SSD nanotherapeutics and their importance in managing burns.
PubMed: 37150959
DOI: 10.1177/15347346231166980 -
Chemosphere Nov 2021Effects of sulfadiazine on bacterial community and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in drinking water distribution systems (DWDSs) were investigated in this study....
Effects of sulfadiazine on bacterial community and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in drinking water distribution systems (DWDSs) were investigated in this study. Three DWDSs, including sand filtered (SF) DWDSs, granular active carbon (GAC) filtration DWDSs, and UV/HO-GAC DWDSs, were used to deliver sand filtered water, GAC filtered water, and UV/HO-GAC treated water, respectively. UV/HO-GAC filtration can remove the dissolved organic matter effectively, which resulted in the lowest bacterial diversity, biomass and ARGs in effluents and biofilm of DWDSs. When sulfadiazine was added to the sand filtered water, the dehydrogenase concentration and bacterial activity of bacterial community increased in effluents and biofilm of different DWDSs, inducing more extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) production. The proteins increasement percentage was 26.9%, 11.7% and 19.1% in biofilm of three DWDSs, respectively. And the proteins increased to 830.30 ± 20.56 μg cm, 687.04 ± 18.65 μg cm and 586.07 ± 16.24 μg cm, respectively. The increase of EPS promoted biofilm formation and increased the chlorine-resistance capability of bacteria. Therefore, the relative abundance of Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 increased to 12.22%, 10.41% and 0.33% in biofilm of the three DWDSs, respectively. Candidatus_Odyssella also increased in the effluents and biofilm of the three DWDSs. These antibiotic resistance bacteria increase in DWDSs also induced the ARGs promotion, including sul1, sul2, sul3, mexA and class 1 integrons (int1). However, UV/HO-GAC filtration induced the lowest increase of dehydrogenase and EPS production through sulfadiazine removal efficiently, resulting in the least bacterial community change and ARGs promotion in UV/HO-GAC DWDSs.
Topics: Bacteria; Drinking Water; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Hydrogen Peroxide; Sulfadiazine; Water Purification
PubMed: 34147982
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131214 -
Chemosphere Jun 2024Excessive release of chromium (Cr) from the tanning industry and antibiotics from livestock caused severe hazards to humans. Gallic acid (GA 10 mM) alleviated...
Excessive release of chromium (Cr) from the tanning industry and antibiotics from livestock caused severe hazards to humans. Gallic acid (GA 10 mM) alleviated alone/combined SDZ 30 mg kg and TWW 40, 60, and 100% stress in wheat. GA (10 mM) decreased the TSP 12 and 13%, TFAA 8 and 10%, TSS 14 and 16%, RS 18 and 16%, and NRS 11 and 9% in shoots and grains under SDZ + TWW (30 mg kg+100%), compared without foliar. GA (10 mM) declined the MDA 20 and 31, EL 13 and 36%, HO 17 and 15%, O 10 and 11% in leaves and roots, under combined SDZ + TWW (30 mg kg+100%), compared without foliar. GA (10 mM) improved the POD 106 and 30%, SOD 145 and 31%, CAT 78, and 35%, APX 100 and 25% in leaves and roots under combined SDZ + TWW (30 mg kg+100%), compared without foliar application. Considerably GA (10 mM) reduced total Cr 18, Cr 20, and Cr 50% in roots and shoots 19, 41, and 48%, and grains 15, 27, and 29% respectively, under combined SDZ + TWW (30 mg kg+100%) stress, compared without foliar. Overall, GA boosted the wheat growth, physiology, and defence system by inhibiting the combined SDZ + Cr toxicity.
Topics: Triticum; Gallic Acid; Tanning; Wastewater; Sulfadiazine; Chromium; Plant Roots; Soil Pollutants; Plant Leaves
PubMed: 38697571
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142203 -
EMBO Molecular Medicine Nov 2023Snyder-Robinson syndrome (SRS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by intellectual disability and delayed development beginning early in childhood. It was first...
Snyder-Robinson syndrome (SRS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by intellectual disability and delayed development beginning early in childhood. It was first described in a single family in 1969 as a sex-linked disorder (Snyder & Robinson, 1969) and has since been only identified in less than 100 individuals worldwide. Inherited in an X-linked recessive pattern, SRS has only been identified in males thus far. Snyder-Robinson syndrome primarily affects the nervous system and skeletal tissues and is caused by loss-of-function mutations in the gene encoding spermine synthase (SMS), a polyamine biosynthesis enzyme. Affected males display a collection of clinical features including intellectual disability ranging from mild to profound, speech and vision impairment, osteoporosis, hypotonia, and increasing loss of muscle tissue with age, kyphoscoliosis, seizures, and distinctive facial features including a prominent lower lip and facial asymmetry. Currently, there is no cure or treatment for this debilitating disorder aside from symptom management.
Topics: Male; Humans; Polyamines; Intellectual Disability; Mental Retardation, X-Linked; Mutation; Sulfadiazine
PubMed: 37712293
DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202318506 -
Parasitology Research Oct 2023Toxoplasmosis is an infection that prevails all over the world and is caused by the obligate intracellular protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii). Promising...
Toxoplasmosis is an infection that prevails all over the world and is caused by the obligate intracellular protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii). Promising novel compounds for the treatment of T. gondii are introduced in the current investigation. In order to test their in vitro potency against T. gondii tachyzoites, six 1,2,3-triazoles-based sulfonamide scaffolds with terminal NH or OH group were prepared and investigated as sulfadiazine equivalents. When compared to sulfadiazine, which served as a positive control, hybrid molecules showed much more anti-Toxoplasma activity. The results showed that the IC of the examined compounds 3(a-f) were recoded as 0.07492 μM, 0.07455 μM, 0.0392 μM, 0.03124 μM, 0.0533 μM, and 0.01835 μM, respectively, while the sulfadiazine exhibited 0.1852 μM. The studied 1,2,3-triazole-sulfadrug molecular conjugates 3(a-f) revealed selectivity index of 10.4, 8.9, 25.4, 21, 8.3, and 29; respectively. The current study focused on the newly synthesized amino derivatives 3(d-f), as they contain the more potent amino groups which are recognized to be essential elements and promote better biological activity. Extracellular tachyzoites underwent striking morphological alterations after 2 h of treatment as seen by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Additionally, the intracellular tachyzoite exposed to the newly synthesized amino derivatives 3(d-f) for a 24-h period of treatment revealed damaged and altered morphology by transmission electron microscopic (TEM) indicating cytopathic effects. Moreover, compound 3f underwent the most pronounced changes, indicating that it had the strongest activity against T. gondii.
Topics: Sulfadiazine; Toxoplasma; Sulfanilamide; Sulfonamides; Triazoles
PubMed: 37610452
DOI: 10.1007/s00436-023-07936-x -
Journal of Burn Care & Research :... Mar 2022Silver-based topical treatments have seen widespread use for the management of burns due to silver's antimicrobial activity. Recent studies suggest that silver...
Silver-based topical treatments have seen widespread use for the management of burns due to silver's antimicrobial activity. Recent studies suggest that silver nanoparticles could negatively affect healing time due to their toxic effect on keratinocytes and fibroblasts at higher concentrations. Zinc oxide antimicrobial activity has been demonstrated in vitro, and results from animal studies are promising for burn management. At our ABA-verified pediatric burn center, the use of silver sulfadiazine cream ("Silvadene") has been slowly replaced by a zinc oxide/dimethicone spray-on solution ("Touchless Spray"). The dimethicone allows the spray to be occlusive without interfering with clothing, yet easily removed as opposed to Silvadene cream which requires wound scrubbing to remove and replace; potentially improving patient adherence with at-home treatments. This is the first study of zinc oxide's efficacy as a burn wound management agent in humans. We sought to compare the efficacy of silver sulfadiazine and that of zinc oxide/dimethicone to determine whether zinc oxide/dimethicone, in its easy-to-use form, is a viable alternative to silver sulfadiazine. We conducted a retrospective review of the electronic medical records of all patients treated for perineal, genital, perianal, suprapubic, or buttocks burn wounds at a large pediatric-verified burn center from January 1, 2014 to October 28, 2019. Only patients with superficial second-degree scald burns that arrived at our institution less than 24 hours after injury were included. Of a total 52 patients identified, 27 patients received silver sulfadiazine while 25 received zinc oxide/dimethicone. After initial evaluation and treatment by the burn team, all patients were followed up at our weekly burn clinic until complete healing was achieved. We retrospectively extracted demographic data, wound size, depth, and location, management strategies, time to complete healing, and incidence of infectious and noninfectious complications. The control group contained patients with total body surface area burns significantly greater than the zinc oxide/dimethicone group likely due to selective treatment when zinc oxide/dimethicone was first introduced at our facility. Time to healing was significantly lower in the zinc oxide/dimethicone intervention group (12.16 ± 8.644 days) than the silver sulfadiazine control group (16.89 ± 11.342 days). No infections were observed. Limitations include the relatively small sample sizes and differences in the size of burn wounds that confounded our results and likely negatively affected healing time in the control group. The zinc oxide/dimethicone group had a significantly lower healing time than the silver sulfadiazine group in the treatment of pediatric burns to the perineum, genitalia, suprapubis, and buttocks. Zinc oxide/dimethicone may prove to be a useful tool for treating burn wounds, and further study is needed to determine its efficacy and safety.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Infective Agents; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Burns; Child; Humans; Metal Nanoparticles; Perineum; Retrospective Studies; Silver; Silver Sulfadiazine; Zinc Oxide
PubMed: 34309678
DOI: 10.1093/jbcr/irab138