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Aquatic Toxicology (Amsterdam,... Sep 2022The high consumption and subsequent input of antibacterial compounds in marine ecosystems has become a worldwide problem. Their continuous presence in these ecosystems...
The antibacterials ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim and sulfadiazine modulate gene expression, biomarkers and metabolites associated with stress and growth in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata).
The high consumption and subsequent input of antibacterial compounds in marine ecosystems has become a worldwide problem. Their continuous presence in these ecosystems allows a direct interaction with aquatic organisms and can cause negative effects over time. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of exposure to three antibacterial compounds of high consumption and presence in marine ecosystems (Ciprofloxacin CIP, Sulfadiazine SULF and Trimethoprim TRIM) on the physiology of the gilthead sea bream, Sparus aurata. Plasma parameters, enzymatic biomarkers of oxidative stress and damage and expression of genes related to stress and growth were assessed in exposed S. aurata specimens. For this purpose, sea bream specimens were exposed to individual compounds at concentrations of 5.2 ± 2.1 μg L for CIP, 3.8 ± 2.7 μg L for SULF and 25.7 ± 10.8 μg L for TRIM during 21 days. Exposure to CIP up-regulated transcription of genes associated with the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) (thyrotropin-releasing hormone, trh) and hypothalamic-pituitary-interrenal (HPI) axes (corticotropin-releasing hormone-binding protein, crhbp) in the brain, as well as altering several hepatic stress biomarkers (catalase, CAT; glutathione reductase, GR; and lipid peroxidation, LPO). Similar alterations at the hepatic level were observed after exposure to TRIM. Overall, our study indicates that S. aurata is vulnerable to environmentally relevant concentrations of CIP and TRIM and that their exposure could lead to a stress situation, altering the activity of antioxidant defense mechanisms as well as the activity of HPT and HPI axes.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Biomarkers; Ciprofloxacin; Ecosystem; Gene Expression; Glutathione Reductase; Perciformes; Sea Bream; Stress, Physiological; Sulfadiazine; Trimethoprim; Water Pollutants, Chemical
PubMed: 35872527
DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106243 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Jun 2022Background and Objectives: Wound healing is commonly associated with critical bacterial colonization or bacterial infection, which induces prolonged inflammation,...
Background and Objectives: Wound healing is commonly associated with critical bacterial colonization or bacterial infection, which induces prolonged inflammation, resulting in delayed re-epithelialization. An appropriate wound dressing requires a humid environment, which also functions as a barrier against bacterial contamination and will accelerate a regenerative response of the wound. Silver sulfadiazine (SSD) is used to prevent wound infection. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is an extracellular matrix component involved in tissue regeneration. This retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of cream and gauze pads based on hyaluronic acid at low molecular weight (200 kDa) and silver sulfadiazine 1% in the wound healing process. In addition, we examined SSD action on biofilms in vitro and on animal wounds, obtaining positive outcomes therefrom. Materials and Methods: We selected 80 patients with complicated chronic wounds of different etiologies, including diabetes mellitus (10), post-traumatic ulcers (45), burns (15), and superficial abrasion (10). Results: After 8 weeks, ulcer size was decreased in 95 ± 2% of the treated patients; a significant reduction in the inflammatory process was observed from day 14 onwards (p < 0.01 vs. baseline), considering improvement of the surrounding skin and reduction of the bacterial load. The SSD treatment decreased bacterial colony proliferation, both in planktonic state and in biofilm, in a dose-dependent manner on the wound but inhibited the development of tissue granulation at the highest dose (800 μg/wound). Conclusions: In conclusion, the combined action of SSD and HA is clinically effective in improving wound healing.
Topics: Animals; Biofilms; Humans; Hyaluronic Acid; Retrospective Studies; Silver Sulfadiazine; Wound Healing
PubMed: 35744098
DOI: 10.3390/medicina58060835 -
Ulusal Travma Ve Acil Cerrahi Dergisi =... Mar 2020Studies evaluating the recovery of the zone of stasis is an important issue in burn research. In this study, we aimed to evaluate and compare the efficiency of an...
BACKGROUND
Studies evaluating the recovery of the zone of stasis is an important issue in burn research. In this study, we aimed to evaluate and compare the efficiency of an anti-ischemic and vasodilatory agent, a topical agent containing 2% nitroglycerin with 1% silver sulfadiazine, and bacitracin-neomycin sulfate in the zone of stasis histomorphologically and immunohistochemically.
METHODS
We conducted an experimental study using 30 Wistar-Albino rats, each weighing 250-300 grams. The rats were divided randomly into five groups (six rats in each group). In this study, the "comb model," which was deemed to be the most appropriate experimental model to produce an injury with predictable zones and was first described by Regas and Erhlich, was used. The following were applied to the zone of stasis after creating a burn model in 0, 24, and 48 hours: topical 2% nitroglycerin, 1% silver sulfadiazine, bacitracin-neomycin sulfate, and Vaseline-lanolin (sham). After 72 hours, biopsies were performed from the zone of stasis and evaluated by histomorphological and immunohistochemical CD 34 (expressed in human endothelial and hematopoietic cells) and D 2-40 (expressed in the endothelium of lymphatic capillaries) methods. The results were evaluated using the chi-square test.
RESULTS
Compared with the other groups, a statistically significant difference was found in edema, inflammation, and vascular proliferation in the nitroglycerin group. Significantly more intense staining for CD 34 was found in the nitroglycerin group compared with the other groups. Immunohistochemical staining for D 2-40 was also found statistically significant in the nitroglycerin group (p<0.05).
CONCLUSION
A topical containing 2% nitroglycerin increases vascular proliferation in the zone of stasis affects the recovery and may be used as a new agent in burn injury treatment.
Topics: Animals; Burns; Disease Models, Animal; Edema; Inflammation; Male; Nitroglycerin; Rats; Silver Sulfadiazine; Skin
PubMed: 32185753
DOI: 10.14744/tjtes.2019.00005 -
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 2023The consumption of medicines (usually pharmaceuticals and chemical health products) has increased in recent decades due to the demand for medicines for various diseases... (Review)
Review
The consumption of medicines (usually pharmaceuticals and chemical health products) has increased in recent decades due to the demand for medicines for various diseases (headache, relapsing fever, dental absence, streptococcal infection, bronchitis, ear and eye infections). Instead, their overuse can lead to serious environmental damage. Sulfadiazine is one of the most often used antimicrobial medications for both human and veterinary therapy, yet its presence in the environment, even in low quantities, offers a potential concern as an emergency pollutant. It is vital to have a monitoring that's quick, selective, sensitive, stable, reversible, reproducible, and easy to use. Electrochemical techniques realizing cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and square wave voltammetry (SWV), using a modified electrode based on carbon as a surface modifier are an excellent option that makes control simple and quick owing to their cheap cost and convenience of use, while also safeguarding human health from drug residue buildup. This study discusses different chemically modified carbon-based electrodes such as graphene paste, screen printed electrode, glassy carbon, and boron diamond doped electrodes for SDZ (sulfadiazine) detection in various formulation feeds, pharmaceuticals, milk, and urine samples, the results obtained also show high sensitivity and selectivity with lower detection limits compared to matrix studies, which may explain its use in trace detection. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the sensors is assessed by other parameters including buffer solution, scan rate, and pH. Also, a method for real sample preparation was also discussed in addition to the different methods mentioned.
Topics: Humans; Carbon; Sulfadiazine; Anti-Infective Agents; Electrodes; Electrochemical Techniques; Pharmaceutical Preparations
PubMed: 36809949
DOI: 10.2174/1568026623666230210115740 -
Journal of Nanoscience and... Dec 2020Nano silver is widely used in the treatment of burn wounds globally, but most clinical studies on the efficacy of the treatment are small-sample randomized controlled... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Nano silver is widely used in the treatment of burn wounds globally, but most clinical studies on the efficacy of the treatment are small-sample randomized controlled studies. Hence, we aimed to systematically evaluate the efficacy of nano silver and sulfadiazine silver for the treatment of burn wounds through meta-analysis of multiple small studies. Randomized controlled trials were collected from the published literature to compare the effects of nano silver application and sulfadiazine silver application on burns. After evaluating the quality of the methodology and extracting the data from each study, we used RevMan 5.1 software to conduct meta-analysis on eight randomized controlled trials which encompassed 513 patients with second degree burns. The results of the meta-analysis showed that the wound healing time of the nano silver treatment group was less than that of sulfadiazine silver group ( < 0.001) but the wound healing rate of nano silver treatment group was not significantly different from that of control group on the 15th day (MD = 7.10; 95% = 0.14). Compared with the sulfadiazine silver treatment group, the difference between the nano silver treatment group and sulfadiazine silver treatment group was significant in reducing the pain of burn wounds (P < 0.001). This suggests that the application of nano silver can promote the healing of burn wounds compared with sulfadiazine silver and has considerable advantages in relieving the pain intensity of burn wounds. However, these conclusions need to be further confirmed by a large sample in a high-quality randomized controlled study.
Topics: Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Burns; Humans; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Silver; Silver Sulfadiazine; Wound Healing
PubMed: 32711650
DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2020.18879 -
International Journal of Environmental... Dec 2022As the concept of green development spreads worldwide, environmental protection awareness for production and life has been continuously strengthened. Antibiotic residues...
As the concept of green development spreads worldwide, environmental protection awareness for production and life has been continuously strengthened. Antibiotic residues in aquaculture wastewaters aggravate environmental pollution and threaten human health. Therefore, the detection of residual antibiotics in wastewater is crucial. In this paper, a new, simple, and low-cost method based on the glassy carbon electrode electrochemical sensor for the detection of sulfadiazine in aquaculture wastewater was developed without using complex materials to modify the electrode surface, to detect sulfadiazine which electrochemically oxidizes directly. The electrochemical performance of the sensor was studied and optimized with differential pulse voltammetry and cyclic voltammetry in the three-electrode system. The optimal electrolyte was acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer, and the optimal pH was 4.0. Finally, based on the optimized conditions, the newly established method showed satisfactory results for detecting sulfadiazine in aquaculture wastewater. The concentration of sulfadiazine and the peak current intensity showed a linear relationship in the range of 20 to 300 μmol/L, and the limit of detection was 6.14 μmol/L, the recovery rate of standard addition was 87-95%, with satisfactory reproducibility and low interference.
Topics: Humans; Wastewater; Sulfadiazine; Reproducibility of Results; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Electrochemical Techniques; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Electrodes
PubMed: 36554826
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416945 -
Burns : Journal of the International... May 2022Nanocrystalline silver dressings can reduce the number of changes, facilitating burn wound management. However, the evidence regarding their efficacy and... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Efficacy and costs of nanocrystalline silver dressings versus 1% silver sulfadiazine dressings to treat burns in adults in the outpatient setting: A randomized clinical trial.
BACKGROUND
Nanocrystalline silver dressings can reduce the number of changes, facilitating burn wound management. However, the evidence regarding their efficacy and cost-consequences compared to well-established treatments, such as 1% silver sulfadiazine, is still scarce.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the efficacy, safety, and costs of nanocrystalline silver dressings compared to 1% silver sulfadiazine dressings to treat adult patients with burns.
STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING
Randomized, single-center, single-blind trial conducted at a referral hospital in São Paulo, Brazil.
METHODS
100 adult patients were randomized 1:1 to nanocrystalline silver (n = 50) or 1% silver sulfadiazine (n = 50). The primary outcome was the proportion of participants with complete re-epithelization at day 15 after randomization. Secondary outcomes included the number of dressing changes, direct medical costs (in international dollars, I$), pain intensity, the incidence of infections, number of patients undergoing surgery, and adverse events.
RESULTS
On day 15, the proportion of patients who reached the primary outcome did not differ significantly between participants treated with nanocrystalline silver dressings (24 [48%]) and those treated with 1% silver sulfadiazine dressings (26 [52%]); risk difference of -4.0 percentage points (95% confidence interval [CI], -17 to 9; P = 0.56). The number of patients undergoing surgical intervention was similar between groups (6% vs. 6%), and no local or serious adverse events were reported. The mean (standard deviation, SD) number of dressing changes in the nanocrystalline silver group was 4.1 (2.3), and the corresponding estimate in the 1% silver sulfadiazine group was 9.6 (6.7); mean difference of -5.56 (95% CI), -7.57 to -3.55, P < 0.001). Treatment with nanocrystalline silver dressing incurred significant cost reductions in medical materials, human resources, and administrative labor. However, the mean total cost with nanocrystalline silver dressing was higher compared to 1% silver sulfadiazine dressings: I$496.37 (445.90) vs. I$274.73 (182.76); mean difference = 221.63 (95% CI, 89.04 to 354.23, P = 0.001). The main driver of higher mean total costs among nanocrystalline silver-treated participants was the purchase cost of the dressings, representing 79.3% of the total cost in the nanocrystalline silver group but only 15.2% in the 1% silver sulfadiazine group.
CONCLUSION
We found no evidence of a difference between nanocrystalline silver and 1% silver sulfadiazine dressings regarding efficacy and safety outcomes. Nanocrystalline silver dressings were associated with an increase in the total costs, but they could result in important savings for an institution (less changes of dressings, reducing human resources burden), especially if acquisition costs can be decreased. Additional cost-effectiveness studies are warranted.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER
NCT02108535.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Bandages; Brazil; Burns; Humans; Outpatients; Silver; Silver Sulfadiazine; Single-Blind Method
PubMed: 34688520
DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2021.05.014 -
The Science of the Total Environment Oct 2023Sulfonamide antibiotics (SAs) are ubiquitous in surface water and soil environments, raising considerable concerns about their risk and removal. However, the impacts of...
Sulfonamide antibiotics (SAs) are ubiquitous in surface water and soil environments, raising considerable concerns about their risk and removal. However, the impacts of various bromide ion (Br) concentrations on the phytotoxicity, uptake and fate of SAs in plant growth and physiological metabolism of plants have not been well understood. Our research demonstrated that low concentrations of Br (0.1, 0.5 mM) promoted the uptake and degradation of sulfadiazine (SDZ) in wheat and attenuated the phytotoxicity of SDZ. Additionally, we proposed a degradation pathway and identified the brominated product of SDZ (SDZ), which attenuated the dihydrofolate synthesis inhibition by SDZ. The primary mechanism was that Br reduced the level of reactive oxygen radicals (ROS) and alleviated oxidative damage. The production of SDZ and the high consumption of HO suggest the potential generation of reactive bromine species, contributing to the degradation of the electron-rich SDZ and thus reducing its toxicity. Moreover, metabolome analysis of wheat roots indicated that low concentrations of Br stimulated the production of indoleacetic acid under SDZ stress, promoting growth and enhancing the uptake and degradation of SDZ. Conversely, high Br (1 mM) concentration produced a deleterious effect. These findings provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of antibiotic removal, suggesting a potentially novel approach to plant-based antibiotic remediation.
Topics: Sulfadiazine; Bromides; Hydrogen Peroxide; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Soil; Sulfanilamide
PubMed: 37321499
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164857 -
Contact Dermatitis Jun 2021
Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact; Humans; Leg; Male; Ointments; Patch Tests; Silver; Varicose Ulcer
PubMed: 33368309
DOI: 10.1111/cod.13765 -
Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice Nov 2021To determine and compare the effects of different honey types on wound healing in an animal model, with silver sulfadiazine as the standard treatment.
The investigation of biochemical and microbiological properties of four different honey types produced in turkey and the comparison of their effects with silver sulfadiazine on wound healing in a rat model of burn injury.
BACKGROUND
To determine and compare the effects of different honey types on wound healing in an animal model, with silver sulfadiazine as the standard treatment.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Five different groups were created with eight rats in each group. Partial-depth burns were created, and different types of honey and silver sulfadiazine were applied to the respective groups. Rats were monitored for 21 days, and wound cultures were obtained. Histopathological evaluation and cytokine analysis of final tissue samples were performed. In addition, the biochemical and microbiological analyses of the four types of honey used in the study were performed.
RESULTS
Wound shrinkage comparisons showed that all four honey-treated groups (Bingöl, Konya, cotton, and citrus) performed better than the silver sulfadiazine group (honey groups, respectively, 86.86%, 84.72%, 89.61%, and 95.33% vs. control 82.90%). However, only citrus honey caused a significant difference in wound shrinkage rate when compared with other groups as well with control group (95.34% vs. 82.9%, P < 0.05). In tissues, all honey groups had higher cytokine (interleukin [IL]-6, IL-1B, tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α) values compared with controls (P < 0.001). Honey analysis showed a significant inverse relationship between Fe (iron) and the number of diastases.
CONCLUSIONS
The results of this study support the role of honey in wound healing, due to its antibacterial and immunomodulatory effects. More studies are needed to identify the role of honey composition in wound healing.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Burns; Honey; Rats; Silver Sulfadiazine; Wound Healing
PubMed: 34782511
DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_582_20