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Journal of Environmental Management Nov 2021In this work the presence of different pharmaceuticals at Doñana National Park (Spain) and their main entry sources (input source or entry points) have been stated over...
In this work the presence of different pharmaceuticals at Doñana National Park (Spain) and their main entry sources (input source or entry points) have been stated over the 2011-2016 years period. Twenty-three selected pharmaceuticals (corresponding to eight therapeutic families) were evaluated in crayfish and water samples from Doñana National Park (Spain) (six sampling points selected in order to cover different possible pollution sources into and surrounding the Park). The multiresidue determination was carried out using enzymatic-microwave assisted extraction prior to high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry detection. Sulphonamides (sulfadiazine, sulfamerazine, sulfamethazine, and sulfamethoxazole); trimethoprim, an antibiotic that is frequently co-administered with sulfamethoxazole; amphenicols (chloramphenicol, florfenicol and thiamphenicol); fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, flumequine, danofloxacin, gatifloxacin, norfloxacin, marbofloxacin and grepafloxacin); penicillins (amoxicillin); tetracyclines (chlortetracycline and oxytetracycline); non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (salicylic acid and ibuprofen); beta-blocker drugs (atenolol); and antiepileptics (carbamazepine) were analysed. Ciprofloxacin, ibuprofen, salicylic acid, flumequine, and carbamazepine were detected and/or quantified at some of the selected sampling points. A clear ecotoxicological risk to the ecosystem was demonstrated from the occurrence of ciprofloxacin in samples obtained after the punctual and massive presence of people inside the Park. Furthermore, flumequine and carbamazepine have been detected in Procambarus clarkii specimens in concentrations around 30 ng g and 14 ng g, respectively, and their occurrence in the specimens could indicate the persistence of the discharge sources. The main source of pharmaceuticals into the Park might be the livestock farming activities, and the influence of urban wastewaters from surrounding villages does not seem to be very important.
Topics: Animals; Astacoidea; Biota; Ecosystem; Environmental Monitoring; Humans; Parks, Recreational; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Spain; Water Pollutants, Chemical
PubMed: 34298344
DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113314 -
The Science of the Total Environment Aug 2023Sulfamerazine (SM) is a commonly used antibiotic and have been widely used to control various bacterial infectious diseases. The structural composition of colored...
Sulfamerazine (SM) is a commonly used antibiotic and have been widely used to control various bacterial infectious diseases. The structural composition of colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) is known to be a major factor that influences the indirect photodegradation of SM, yet the influence mechanism remains unknown. In order to understand this mechanism, CDOM from different sources was fractionated using ultrafiltration and XAD resin, and characterized using UV-vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. The indirect photodegradation of SM in these CDOM fractions was then investigated. Humic acid (JKHA) and Suwannee River natural organic matter (SRNOM) were used in this study. The results showed that CDOM could be divided into four components (three humic-like components and one protein-like component), and terrestrial humic-like components C1 and C2 were found to be the main components that promote SM indirect photodegradation due to their high aromaticity. The indirect photodegradation of SM was much faster in low molecular weight (MW) solutions, whose structures were dominated by greater aromaticity and terrestrial fluorophores in JKHA and higher terrestrial fluorophores in SRNOM. The HIA and HIB fractions of SRNOM contained large aromaticity and high fluorescence intensities of C1 and C2, resulting in a greater indirect photodegradation rate of SM. The HOA and HIB fractions of JKHA had abundant terrestrial humic-like components and contributed more to SM indirect photodegradation.
Topics: Sulfamerazine; Dissolved Organic Matter; Organic Chemicals; Photolysis; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Rivers; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; China
PubMed: 37201832
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164231 -
Selectively enrichment of antibiotics and ARGs by microplastics in river, estuary and marine waters.The Science of the Total Environment Mar 2020The partition of antibiotics and antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs) between the microplastics (MPs) and the surrounding water with various salinity are still unclear. In...
The partition of antibiotics and antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs) between the microplastics (MPs) and the surrounding water with various salinity are still unclear. In this study, we hypothesized that adsorption of antibiotics on MPs might cause a significant change of the structure of microbial communities, diversity and abundance of ARGs on MPs and this might be further affected by change of salinity. In this study, we investigated adsorption of four common antibiotics (sulfamerazine, tetracycline, chloramphenicol and tylosin) to polyethylene (PE) MPs in river, estuary and marine waters, and the differences of antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs) and bacterial communities on MPs and in the three waters. The results showed that MPs can enrich antibiotics, ARGs and microbes from the surrounding water. Elevated salinity could reduce adsorption of antibiotics to MPs and the abundance of ARGs. For example, MPs can concentrate more antibiotics and ARGs in the fresh river water than in the estuary and the marine waters. In addition, ARGs and bacterial communities on MPs at various salinity were significantly different under the pressure of four antibiotics. On MPs, sul1, sulA/folP-01, tetA, tetC, tetX and ermE increased significantly but a few new ARGs such as sulA/folP-01 and tetA appeared. The structure of the bacterial communities on MPs was different from the surrounding water since some bacteria species found on MPs were barely detected in the surrounding water while some genera on MPs vanished after exposure to antibiotics. As the antibiotics adsorbed and the ARGs on MPs decreased with the water salinity, the structure of the communities on MPs thus varied with salinity change. These findings are important to understand the effects of MPs on the transport, fate and ecological risk of antibiotics and ARGs in different aquatic environments.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Estuaries; Genes, Bacterial; Microplastics; Plastics; Rivers
PubMed: 31796269
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134594 -
Archiv Der Pharmazie Feb 2021The novel compounds with the chemical structure of N-({4-[N'-(substituted)sulfamoyl]phenyl}carbamothioyl)benzamide (1a-g) and...
The novel compounds with the chemical structure of N-({4-[N'-(substituted)sulfamoyl]phenyl}carbamothioyl)benzamide (1a-g) and 4-fluoro-N-({4-[N'-(substituted)sulfamoyl]phenyl}carbamothioyl)benzamide (2a-g) were synthesized as potent and selective human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) I and hCA II candidate inhibitors. The aryl part was changed to sulfacetamide, sulfaguanidine, sulfanilamide, sulfathiazole, sulfadiazine, sulfamerazine, and sulfametazine. The K values of compounds 1a-g were in the range of 20.73 ± 4.32 to 59.55 ± 13.07 nM (hCA I) and 5.69 ± 0.43 to 44.81 ± 1.08 nM (hCA II), whereas the K values of compounds 2a-g were in the range of 13.98 ± 2.57 to 75.74 ± 13.51 nM (hCA I) and 8.15 ± 1.5 to 49.86 ± 6.18 nM (hCA II). Comparing the K values of the final compounds and acetazolamide, compound 1c with the sulfanilamide moiety (K = 5.69 ± 0.43 nM, 8.8 times) and 2f with the sulfamerazine moiety (K = 8.15 ± 1.5 nM, 6.2 times) demonstrated promising and selective inhibitory effects against the hCA II isoenzyme, the main target protein in glaucoma. Furthermore, compounds 1d (K = 20.73 ± 4.32, 4 times) and 2d (K = 13.98 ± 2.57, 5.9 times), which have the sulfathiazole moiety, were found as potent hCA I inhibitors. Compounds 1c and 2f can be considered as the lead compounds determined in the present study, which can be investigated further to alleviate glaucoma symptoms.
Topics: Benzamides; Carbonic Anhydrase I; Carbonic Anhydrase II; Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Molecular Structure; Structure-Activity Relationship; Sulfonamides; Thiourea
PubMed: 33043495
DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202000230 -
Environmental Technology Jul 2024Natural organic matter (NOM) can impede the removal of organic micro-pollutants (OMPs) through several mechanisms, including inner filter effect, competition with the...
Natural organic matter (NOM) can impede the removal of organic micro-pollutants (OMPs) through several mechanisms, including inner filter effect, competition with the target OMP, and radical scavenging, during synchronous adsorption/photocatalysis of multi-functional composites. In this study, the fate and inhibitory mechanisms of sulfamerazine (SMZ, a model OMP) that occurred in presence of seven different NOM samples (i.e. three standard NOM surrogates, a river water sample, a carbon filter effluent and two different sand filter effluents) during the adsorption/photocatalysis by a composite of BiO-TiO supported on powdered activated carbon (BiO-TiO/PAC, abbreviated as BTP) when exposed to visible light irradiation were revealed. The results indicated that adsorption played a greater attribution than photocatalysis on SMZ removal. The primary impediment to the adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of SMZ was attributed to the presence of terrestrial-derived, humic-like NOM fractions with high aromaticity. The adsorption efficacy of SMZ was weakened by the absorption of NOM and its degradation products onto the BTP surface. The inner filter effect, competition between NOM and SMZ, and radical scavenging were responsible for the reduced photocatalysis of SMZ. In the cases of real water matrices, the presence of inorganic anion and co-existed NOM reduced the removal of SMZ. In summary, the findings of this work offer a comprehensive comprehension of the impact of NOM fractions on photocatalysis, emphasizing the necessity to examine the interplay between NOM and background inorganic constituents in the degradation of OMP via adsorption/photocatalysis.
Topics: Adsorption; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Sulfamerazine; Humic Substances; Titanium; Bismuth; Catalysis; Water Purification; Light; Charcoal
PubMed: 37337954
DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2023.2224065 -
Environmental Pollution (Barking, Essex... Jan 2023Various hydrogen bonds, especially charge-assisted hydrogen bond (CAHB), is considered as one of vital mechanisms affecting the environmental behavior and risk of...
Various hydrogen bonds, especially charge-assisted hydrogen bond (CAHB), is considered as one of vital mechanisms affecting the environmental behavior and risk of pharmaceutical contaminants (PCs). Herein the sorption/desorption of three PCs including clofibric acid (CA), acetaminophen (ACT), and sulfamerazine (SMZ) on three Oxygen-rich (O-rich) nanoparticles (nano-silica: Nano-SiO, nano-alumina: Nano-AlO, and oxidized carbon nanotubes: O-CNTs) were investigated to explore the effect of various hydrogen bonds with different strengths on environmental behaviors of PCs. The results indicated that although solvent-assisted CAHB, solvent-uninvolved CAHB, and ordinary hydrogen bond (OHB) all played a crucial role in sorption of PCs on three O-rich nanomaterials, they showed significantly different effects on the desorption behaviors of PCs from three sorbents. Compared with OHB (hysteresis index ≤0.0766), the stronger CAHB (hysteresis index ≥0.1981) between PCs and O-rich nanoparticles having comparable pK with PCs, caused obvious desorption hysteresis of PCs, resulting in their better immobilization on O-rich nanomaterials. The FTIR characterization found that both solvent-assisted and solvent-uninvolved CAHB formation resulted in a new characteristic peak appeared in the high frequency (3660 cm for Nano-SiO, 3730 cm for Nano-AlO, and 3780 cm for O-CNTs). Also, density functional theory (DFT) calculation verified that the smaller |ΔpK| between PCs and O-rich sorbents, the shorter bond length, and the larger bond angle resulted in the stronger hydrogen bond formed, thereby leading to the greater immobilization of PCs. These results provide in-depth understanding of the environmental behavior and risk of PCs, and light new idea for designed materials to control PCs pollution in the environment.
Topics: Hydrogen Bonding; Adsorption; Nanotubes, Carbon; Oxygen; Silicon Dioxide; Solvents; Pharmaceutical Preparations
PubMed: 36335784
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120572 -
Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and... Dec 2020Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are metalloenzymes responsible for the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate, a fundamental reaction involved in various...
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are metalloenzymes responsible for the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate, a fundamental reaction involved in various physiological and pathological processes. In the last decades, CAs have been considered as important drug targets for different pathologies such as glaucoma, epilepsy and cancer. The design of potent and selective inhibitors has been an outstanding goal leading to the discovery of new drugs. Among the different strategies developed to date, the design of carbohydrate-based CA inhibitors (CAIs) has emerged as a versatile tool in order to selectively target CAs. The insertion of a glycosyl moiety as a hydrophilic tail in sulfonamide, sulfenamide, sulfamate or coumarin scaffolds allowed the discovery of many different series of sugar-based CAIs, with relevant inhibitory results. This review will focus on carbohydrate-based CAIs developed so far, classifying them in glycosidic and glycoconjugated inhibitors based on the conjugation chemistry adopted.
Topics: Binding Sites; Carbohydrates; Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors; Carbonic Anhydrases; Coumarins; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Humans; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; Protein Binding; Structure-Activity Relationship; Sulfamerazine; Sulfonamides; Sulfonic Acids; Triazoles
PubMed: 33078634
DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1825409 -
Water Science and Technology : a... Sep 2021Ozone, UV/ozone, ozone/persulfate (PS) and UV/ozone/PS systems were used to mineralize sulfonamides. Sulfadiazine (SDZ), sulfamerazine (SMR) and sulfamethazine (SMZ)...
Ozone, UV/ozone, ozone/persulfate (PS) and UV/ozone/PS systems were used to mineralize sulfonamides. Sulfadiazine (SDZ), sulfamerazine (SMR) and sulfamethazine (SMZ) were the target compounds. The novel contribution of this study is its determination of the effects of PS addition, sulfonamide structure, pH and salinity on sulfonamide mineralization in ozone-based systems. The mineralization rate of sulfonamides satisfied pseudo-first-order kinetics. The SMZ mineralization rate constant in ozone, UV/ozone, ozone/PS and UV/ozone/PS systems at pH 5 were 0.0058; 0.0101; 0.0069 and 0.0802 min, respectively, and those at pH 7 were 0.0075; 0.0116; 0.0083 and 0.0873 min, respectively. The increase in the number of methyl substituents in the heterocyclic group of SMZ and the corresponding increase in the steric hindrance of radical addition, reduced mineralization rates below those of SMR and SDZ. The addition of PS promoted sulfonamide mineralization in the ozone-based systems; conversely, salinity inhibited sulfonamide mineralization.
Topics: Ozone; Sulfadiazine; Sulfonamides; Wastewater; Water Pollutants, Chemical
PubMed: 34559073
DOI: 10.2166/wst.2021.325 -
Environmental Research Sep 2022Heteroatom-doped carbon materials can effectively activate HO into •OH during the metal-free electro-Fenton (EF) process. However, information on bifunctional...
Heteroatom-doped carbon materials can effectively activate HO into •OH during the metal-free electro-Fenton (EF) process. However, information on bifunctional catalysts for the simultaneous generation and activation of HO is scarce. In this study, O- and F-doped porous carbon cathode materials (PPCs) were prepared by the direct carbonization of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) for sulfamerazine (SMR) removal in a metal-free EF process. The porous structure and chemical composition of the PPCs were regulated by the carbonization temperature. PPC-6 (carbonized at 600 °C) exhibited optimal electrocatalytic performance in terms of electrochemical HO generation and activation owing to its high specific surface area, mesoporous structure, and optimum fractions of doped O and F. Excellent performance of the 2e oxygen reduction reaction was found with an HO selectivity of 93.5% and an average electron transfer number of 2.13. An HO accumulative concentration of 103.9 mg/L and an SMR removal efficiency of 90.1% were achieved during the metal-free EF process. PPC-6 was able to stably remove SMR over five consecutive cycles, retaining 92.6% of its original performance. Quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis revealed that doped oxygen functional groups contributed substantially to HO generation, and semi-ionic C-F bonds with high electronegativity were the cause of the activation of HO to •OH. These findings suggest that the PVDF-derived carbonaceous catalysts are feasible and desirable for metal-free EF processes.
Topics: Carbon; Fluorocarbon Polymers; Hydrogen Peroxide; Metals; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxygen; Polyvinyls; Porosity; Sulfamerazine; Water Pollutants, Chemical
PubMed: 35613635
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113508 -
Talanta Jun 2024Sulfonamides (SAs) is a class of antibiotics that extensively used for treating infectious diseases in livestock industries and aquaculture. Thus, it is urgent need to...
Isolation of aptamers with excellent cross-reactivity and specificity to sulfonamides towards a ratiometric fluorescent aptasensor for the detection of nine sulfonamides in seafood.
Sulfonamides (SAs) is a class of antibiotics that extensively used for treating infectious diseases in livestock industries and aquaculture. Thus, it is urgent need to obtain the bio-receptor, which has excellent cross-reactivity and specificity to SAs, for developing high-throughput methods for the determination of multiple SAs even all commonly-used SAs, to realize the quick screening/detection of total SAs in animal-derived foods. We herein isolated several SAs-specific cross-reactive aptamers by using a library-immobilized SELEX with multi-SAs parallel selection strategy. Two of the isolated aptamers (Sul-01 and Sul-04) can specifically recognize and bind seven SAs respectively with higher binding affinity and no interference of non-sulfonamide antibiotics, and thus can be applied as bio-receptors for developing high-throughput aptasensors for the quick screening/detection of multiple SAs. By using the mixture of Sul-01 and Sul-04 as bio-receptor, a ratiometric fluorescent aptasensor was created for the quick detection of nine SAs including sulfamethoxydiazine (SMD), sulfapyridine (SPD), sulfaquinoxaline (SQ), sulfathiazole (ST), sulfamonomethoxine (SMM), sulfamerazine (SMR), sulfaguanidine (SG), sulfamethazine (SMZ) and sulfadiazine (SD) with a detection limit (LOD) of 0.10-0.50 μM, or total of above nine SAs with a LOD of 0.20 μM. The fluorescent aptasensor was successfully applied to detect each or total of SMD, SPD, SQ, ST, SMM, SMR, SG, SMZ and SD in fish samples with a recovery of 83 %-92 % and a relative standard deviation (RSD, n = 5) < 5 %. This study not only provided several promising bio-receptors for the development of diverse high-throughput aptasensors to achieve the quick screening of multiple SAs residues, but also provided a simple, stable and sensitive method for the quick screening of SMD, SPD, SQ, ST, SMM, SMR, SG, SMZ and SD in seafood.
PubMed: 38852344
DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126380