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BMC Pediatrics Mar 2023To evaluate the association between gestational weight gain (GWG) and preterm birth and post-term birth.
BACKGROUND
To evaluate the association between gestational weight gain (GWG) and preterm birth and post-term birth.
METHODS
This longitudinal-based research studied singleton pregnant women from the National Vital Statistics System (NVSS) (2019). Total GWG (kg) was converted to gestational age-standardized z scores. The z-scores of GWG were divided into four categories according to the quartile of GWG, and the quantile 2 interval was used as the reference for the analysis. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate the association between GWG and preterm birth, post-term birth, and total adverse outcome (preterm birth + post-term birth). Subgroup analysis stratified by pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) was used to estimate associations between z-scores and outcomes.
RESULTS
Of the 3,100,122 women, preterm birth occurred in 9.45% (292,857) population, with post-term birth accounting for 4.54% (140,851). The results demonstrated that low GWG z-score [odds ratio (OR): 1.04, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03 to 1.05, P < 0.001], and higher GWG z-scores (quantile 3: OR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.41 to 1.44, P < 0.001; quantile 4: OR: 2.79, 95% CI: 2.76 to 2.82, P < 0.001) were positively associated with preterm birth. Low GWG z-score (OR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.16 to 1.19, P < 0.001) was positively associated with an increased risk of post-term birth. However, higher GWG z-scores (quantile 3: OR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.83 to 0.85, P < 0.001; quantile 4: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.58 to 0.60, P < 0.001) was associated with a decreased risk of post-term birth. In addition, low GWG z-score and higher GWG z-scores were related to total adverse outcome. A subgroup analysis demonstrated that pre-pregnancy BMI, low GWG z-score was associated with a decreased risk of preterm birth among BMI-obesity women (OR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.94 to 0.98, P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
Our result suggests that the management of GWG may be an important strategy to reduce the number of preterm birth and post-term birth.
Topics: Female; Pregnancy; Infant, Newborn; Humans; Premature Birth; Gestational Weight Gain; Longitudinal Studies; Term Birth; Risk Factors; Pregnancy Outcome; Body Mass Index; Vital Statistics; Birth Weight
PubMed: 36941673
DOI: 10.1186/s12887-023-03951-0 -
Journal of Health and Social Behavior Dec 2022Postmortem diagnostic overshadowing-defined as inaccurately reporting a disability as the underlying cause of death-occurs for over half of adults with cerebral palsy....
Postmortem diagnostic overshadowing-defined as inaccurately reporting a disability as the underlying cause of death-occurs for over half of adults with cerebral palsy. This practice obscures cause of death trends, reducing the effectiveness of efforts to reduce premature mortality among this marginalized health population. Using data from the National Vital Statistics System 2005 to 2017 U.S. Multiple Cause of Death files (N = 29,996), we identify factors (sociodemographic characteristics, aspects of the context and processing of death, and comorbidities) associated with the inaccurate reporting of cerebral palsy as the underlying cause of death. Results suggest that inaccurate reporting is associated with heightened contexts of clinical uncertainty, the false equivalence of disability and health, and potential racial-ethnic bias. Ending postmortem diagnostic overshadowing will require training on disability and health for those certifying death certificates and efforts to redress ableist death certification policies.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Death Certificates; Cause of Death; Cerebral Palsy; Clinical Decision-Making; Uncertainty
PubMed: 35266426
DOI: 10.1177/00221465221078313 -
PloS One 2021EUROCAT is a European network of population-based congenital anomaly (CA) registries. Twenty-one registries agreed to participate in the EUROlinkCAT study to determine...
EUROCAT is a European network of population-based congenital anomaly (CA) registries. Twenty-one registries agreed to participate in the EUROlinkCAT study to determine if reliable information on the survival of children born with a major CA between 1995 and 2014 can be obtained through linkage to national vital statistics or mortality records. Live birth children with a CA could be linked using personal identifiers to either their national vital statistics (including birth records, death records, hospital records) or to mortality records only, depending on the data available within each region. In total, 18 of 21 registries with data on 192,862 children born with congenital anomalies participated in the study. One registry was unable to get ethical approval to participate and linkage was not possible for two registries due to local reasons. Eleven registries linked to vital statistics and seven registries linked to mortality records only; one of the latter only had identification numbers for 78% of cases, hence it was excluded from further analysis. For registries linking to vital statistics: six linked over 95% of their cases for all years and five were unable to link at least 85% of all live born CA children in the earlier years of the study. No estimate of linkage success could be calculated for registries linking to mortality records. Irrespective of linkage method, deaths that occurred during the first week of life were over three times less likely to be linked compared to deaths occurring after the first week of life. Linkage to vital statistics can provide accurate estimates of survival of children with CAs in some European countries. Bias arises when linkage is not successful, as early neonatal deaths were less likely to be linked. Linkage to mortality records only cannot be recommended, as linkage quality, and hence bias, cannot be assessed.
Topics: Birth Certificates; Congenital Abnormalities; Europe; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Male; Pregnancy; Registries; Vital Statistics
PubMed: 34449798
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256535 -
National Vital Statistics Reports :... Apr 2021Objectives-This report presents findings on the effects of fully implementing the Office of Management and Budget's 1997 standards for collecting, tabulating, and... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Objectives-This report presents findings on the effects of fully implementing the Office of Management and Budget's 1997 standards for collecting, tabulating, and reporting race and ethnicity in the National Vital Statistics System mortality data across all vital statistics reporting areas. It compares bridgedrace death counts and rates based on the 1977 standards with single-race death counts and rates based on the 1997 standards, overall and by age (categories), sex, and state. Methods-Mortality statistics in this report are based on information from all death certificates filed in the United States and the District of Columbia in 2018. Crude and age-adjusted death rates are calculated with bridged-race and single-race death counts and population estimates then compared using rate ratios. Results-In 2018, single-race death counts were lower than bridged-race counts for all major racial and ethnic groups, overall and by age and sex. This is expected because in bridged-race data, multiple-race decedents are reassigned to single-race categories. The single-race age-adjusted death rate was higher than the bridged-race rate by 0.4% for the non-Hispanic white population (748.7 per 100,000 U.S. standard population versus 745.7) and by 1.5% for the non-Hispanic black population (892.6 versus 879.5). State-specific differences between bridged-race and single-race age-adjusted death rates were significant only for the non-Hispanic Asian or Pacific Islander (API) population in Hawaii, for whom the single-race rate (488.9) was 10.3% lower than the bridged-race rate (545.3). Generally, at the national level, the transition to single-race mortality data seems to have minimal impacts for all major racial and ethnic groups on age-adjusted death rates; however, impacts vary by state.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Middle Aged; Mortality; Racial Groups; Research Design; United States; Vital Statistics; Young Adult
PubMed: 34029180
DOI: No ID Found -
BMJ Global Health Dec 2020Full notification of deaths and compilation of good quality cause of death data are core, sequential and essential components of a functional civil registration and... (Review)
Review
Full notification of deaths and compilation of good quality cause of death data are core, sequential and essential components of a functional civil registration and vital statistics (CRVS) system. In collaboration with the Government of Papua New Guinea (PNG), trial mortality surveillance activities were established at sites in Alotau District in Milne Bay Province, Tambul-Nebilyer District in Western Highlands Province and Talasea District in West New Britain Province.Provincial Health Authorities trialled strategies to improve completeness of death notification and implement an automated verbal autopsy methodology, including use of different notification agents and paper or mobile phone methods. Completeness of death notification improved from virtually 0% to 20% in Talasea, 25% and 75% using mobile phone and paper notification strategies, respectively, in Alotau, and 69% in Tambul-Nebilyer. We discuss the challenges and lessons learnt with implementing these activities in PNG, including logistical considerations and incentives.Our experience indicates that strategies to maximise completeness of notification should be tailored to the local context, which in PNG includes significant geographical, cultural and political diversity. We report that health workers have great potential to improve the CRVS programme in PNG through managing the collection of notification and verbal autopsy data. In light of our findings, and in consultation with the main government CRVS stakeholders and the National CRVS Committee, we make recommendations regarding the requirements at each level of the health system to optimise mortality surveillance in order to generate the essential health intelligence required for policy and planning.
Topics: Autopsy; Government Programs; Health Workforce; Humans; Papua New Guinea; Vital Statistics
PubMed: 33272944
DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-003747 -
Neonatology 2022
Topics: Death Certificates; Humans; Trisomy 18 Syndrome; Vital Statistics
PubMed: 34808633
DOI: 10.1159/000520216 -
Archivos Argentinos de Pediatria Oct 2023Introduction. The neonatal mortality rate (NMR) is an indicator of socioeconomic, environmental, and health care conditions. The Matanza-Riachuelo River Basin (MRRB) is...
Evolution of neonatal mortality in the Matanza-Riachuelo River Basin between 2010 and 2019. A comparison of Argentina, the province of Buenos Aires, and the City of Buenos Aires, 2019.
Introduction. The neonatal mortality rate (NMR) is an indicator of socioeconomic, environmental, and health care conditions. The Matanza-Riachuelo River Basin (MRRB) is the most polluted in Argentina. Objective. To analyze neonatal mortality (NM) in the MRRB between 2010 and 2019 and compare it with overall data for Argentina, the province of Buenos Aires (PBA), and the City of Buenos Aires (CABA) in 2019. Population and methods. Descriptive study based on vital statistics provided by the Ministry of Health. Results. In 2019, the NMR was 6.4‰ in the MRRB, 6.2‰ in Argentina; 6‰ in PBA; and 5.1‰ in CABA. The risk of NM in the MRRB was higher than in CABA (RR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.08-1.61). Between 2010 and 2019, the NMR decreased in the MRRB, PBA, and Argentina; but not in CABA. The risk of NM due to perinatal conditions in the MRRB was higher than in CABA (RR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.01-1.67). The risk of death among very low birth weight (VLBW) live births (LBs) in the MRRB was higher than in CABA (RR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.33-2.18) and lower than in Argentina (RR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.70-0.87). Conclusion. The evolution of NMR between 2010 and 2019 was similar in the MRRB, Argentina, and PBA. In 2019, the structure of causes and the risk of NM were similar in the MRRB, PBA, and Argentina, with a higher risk due to perinatal conditions and among VLBW LBs. The NMR among VLBW LBs was lower in the MRRB than in Argentina.
Topics: Infant, Newborn; Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Argentina; Rivers; Infant Mortality; Cities; Infant, Very Low Birth Weight
PubMed: 37018628
DOI: 10.5546/aap.2022-02794.eng -
The Journals of Gerontology. Series B,... May 2022This study assesses how American life expectancy compares to other high-income countries and identifies key age groups and causes of death responsible for the U.S. life...
OBJECTIVES
This study assesses how American life expectancy compares to other high-income countries and identifies key age groups and causes of death responsible for the U.S. life expectancy shortfall.
METHODS
Data from the Human Mortality Database, World Health Organization Mortality Database, and vital statistics agencies for 18 high-income countries are used to examine trends in U.S. life expectancy gaps and how American age-specific death rates compare to other countries. Decomposition is used to estimate the contribution of 19 age groups and 16 causes to the U.S. life expectancy shortfall.
RESULTS
In 2018, life expectancy for American men and women was 5.18 and 5.82 years lower than the world leaders and 3.60 and 3.48 years lower than the average of the comparison countries. Americans aged 25-29 experience death rates nearly 3 times higher than their counterparts. Together, injuries (drug overdose, firearm-related deaths, motor vehicle accidents, homicide), circulatory diseases, and mental disorders/nervous system diseases (including Alzheimer's disease) account for 86% and 67% of American men's and women's life expectancy shortfall, respectively.
DISCUSSION
American life expectancy has fallen far behind its peer countries. The U.S.'s worsening mortality at the prime adult ages and eroding old-age mortality advantage drive its deteriorating performance in international comparisons.
Topics: Accidents, Traffic; Causality; Cause of Death; Female; Humans; Internationality; Life Expectancy; Male; Mortality; United States
PubMed: 35188201
DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbab129 -
Journal of Applied Gerontology : the... Mar 2022We examined whether Medical Marijuana Legislation (MML) was associated with site of death. Using state-level data (1992-2018) from the National Vital Statistics System...
We examined whether Medical Marijuana Legislation (MML) was associated with site of death. Using state-level data (1992-2018) from the National Vital Statistics System (NVSS), we employed difference-in-differences method to compare changes in death rate among older adults at four sites-nursing home (NH), hospital, home, hospice/other-over time in states with and without MML. Heterogeneity analyses were conducted by timing of MML adoption, and by decedent characteristics. Results show a negative association between MML implementation and NH deaths. Among early adopters (states with weakly regulated programs) and decedents with musculoskeletal disorders, there was a positive association between MML implementation and hospital deaths, whereas among late adopters (states with "medicalized" programs), there was a positive association between MML implementation and hospice deaths. Decline in NH deaths may reflect increased likelihood of transfers due to threat of Federal enforcement, penalties for poor outcomes, and liability concerns. Future studies should examine these associations further.
Topics: Aged; Cross-Sectional Studies; Hospice Care; Humans; Medical Marijuana; Nursing Homes; United States; Vital Statistics
PubMed: 34930063
DOI: 10.1177/07334648211058720 -
CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association... May 2022Regular cancer surveillance is crucial for understanding where progress is being made and where more must be done. We sought to provide an overview of the expected...
BACKGROUND
Regular cancer surveillance is crucial for understanding where progress is being made and where more must be done. We sought to provide an overview of the expected burden of cancer in Canada in 2022.
METHODS
We obtained data on new cancer incidence from the National Cancer Incidence Reporting System (1984-1991) and Canadian Cancer Registry (1992-2018). Mortality data (1984-2019) were obtained from the Canadian Vital Statistics - Death Database. We projected cancer incidence and mortality counts and rates to 2022 for 22 cancer types by sex and province or territory. Rates were age standardized to the 2011 Canadian standard population.
RESULTS
An estimated 233 900 new cancer cases and 85 100 cancer deaths are expected in Canada in 2022. We expect the most commonly diagnosed cancers to be lung overall (30 000), breast in females (28 600) and prostate in males (24 600). We also expect lung cancer to be the leading cause of cancer death, accounting for 24.3% of all cancer deaths, followed by colorectal (11.0%), pancreatic (6.7%) and breast cancers (6.5%). Incidence and mortality rates are generally expected to be higher in the eastern provinces of Canada than the western provinces.
INTERPRETATION
Although overall cancer rates are declining, the number of cases and deaths continues to climb, owing to population growth and the aging population. The projected high burden of lung cancer indicates a need for increased tobacco control and improvements in early detection and treatment. Success in breast and colorectal cancer screening and treatment likely account for the continued decline in their burden. The limited progress in early detection and new treatments for pancreatic cancer explains why it is expected to be the third leading cause of cancer death in Canada.
Topics: Aged; Canada; Female; Forecasting; Humans; Incidence; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Registries
PubMed: 35500919
DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.212097