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Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Jan 2022(1) Background: Benth. is a traditional medicine used in the treatment of diabetes and chronic renal failure in southern China, Malaysia, and Thailand. Diabetes is a...
(1) Background: Benth. is a traditional medicine used in the treatment of diabetes and chronic renal failure in southern China, Malaysia, and Thailand. Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease and the number of diabetic patients in the world is increasing. This review aimed to systematically review the effects of in the treatment of diabetes and its complications and the pharmacodynamic material basis. (2) Methods: This systematic review was conducted following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), using the databases ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Web of Science. (3) Results: Thirty-one articles related to and diabetes were included. The mechanisms of in the treatment of diabetes and its complications mainly included inhibiting α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, regulating lipid metabolism, promoting insulin secretion, ameliorating insulin resistance, increasing glucose uptake, promoting glycolysis, inhibiting gluconeogenesis, promoting glucagon-likepeptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion and antiglycation activity. Phenolic acids, flavonoids and triterpenoids might be the main components for hypoglycemia effects in . (4) Conclusion: could be an antidiabetic agent to treat diabetes and its complications. However, it needs further study on a pharmacodynamic substance basis and the mechanisms of effective constituents.
Topics: Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Insulin Resistance; Lipid Metabolism; Medicine, East Asian Traditional; Orthosiphon; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal
PubMed: 35056765
DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020444 -
Annals of Palliative Medicine Dec 2021To perform meta-analysis to investigate the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compound in the treatment of endometriosis (EMS)-induced... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
To perform meta-analysis to investigate the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compound in the treatment of endometriosis (EMS)-induced infertility.
METHODS
The databases of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Chinese Journal Full-text Database (CNKI), VIP, Wanfang Science and Technology Journal Full-text Database, and Chinese Biomedical Literature (CBM) were used to search for articles on the treatment of EMS-induced infertility with TCM compound from database establishment to September 2021. Endnote X9 software was used to screen the articles. Stata 15.1 and RevMan 5.3 software were used to record the data, and a meta-analysis was performed on the effective rate, pregnancy rate, abortion rate, incidence of adverse reactions, luteinizing hormone (LH) level, and estradiol (E2) level of TCM compound in the treatment of EMS-induced infertility. Finally, the reliability of the results was assessed by sensitivity analysis. A funnel plot was used to evaluate the publication bias of the articles.
RESULTS
A total of 11 articles were included. Meta-analysis showed that when TCM compound was used to treat EMS-induced infertility, the effective rate of the trial group was significantly higher than that in the control group [odds ratio (OR) =1.26; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00 to 1.60; P=0.049], and the difference was statistically significant; the pregnancy rate of the trial group was significantly higher than that in the control group (OR =1.94; 95% CI: 1.50 to 2.50; P<0.05), and the difference was statistically significant; the abortion rate of the trial group was significantly lower than that in the control group (OR =0.16; 95% CI: 0.06 to 0.48; P=0.01), and the difference was statistically significant; and the incidence of adverse reactions in the trial group was not significantly different from the control group (OR =0.48; 95% CI: 0.17 to 1.34; P=0.162); the LH level of the trial and control group [standardized mean difference (SMD) =0.51; 95% CI: -1.73 to 2.75; P=0.658], and the E2 level (SMD =1.65; 95% CI: -0.77 to 4.07; P=0.182) had no statistical difference.
DISCUSSION
Chinese herbal compound is effective in the treatment of endometriotic infertility and has a positive effect on improving the pregnancy rate.
Topics: Endometriosis; Female; Humans; Infertility; Medicine, Chinese Traditional; Pregnancy; Reproducibility of Results
PubMed: 35016430
DOI: 10.21037/apm-21-3425 -
Diabetic Medicine : a Journal of the... Nov 2022Racial and ethnic disparities exist in gestational diabetes prevalence and risk of subsequent type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Postpartum engagement in healthy... (Review)
Review
Barriers to and enablers of postpartum health behaviours among women from diverse cultural backgrounds with prior gestational diabetes: A systematic review and qualitative synthesis applying the theoretical domains framework.
AIMS
Racial and ethnic disparities exist in gestational diabetes prevalence and risk of subsequent type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Postpartum engagement in healthy behaviours is recommended for prevention and early detection of T2DM, yet uptake is low among women from diverse cultural backgrounds. Greater understanding of factors impacting postpartum health behaviours is needed. Applying the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) and Capability, Opportunity, Motivation-Behaviour (COM-B) model, our aim was to synthesise barriers to and enablers of postpartum health behaviours among women from diverse cultural backgrounds with prior GDM and identify relevant intervention components.
METHODS
Databases, reference lists and grey literature were searched from September 2017 to April 2021. Two reviewers screened articles independently against inclusion criteria and extracted data. Using an inductive-deductive model, themes were mapped to the TDF and COM-B model.
RESULTS
After screening 5148 citations and 139 full texts, we included 35 studies (N = 787 participants). The main ethnicities included Asian (43%), Indigenous (15%) and African (11%). Barriers and enablers focused on Capability (e.g. knowledge), Opportunity (e.g. competing demands, social support from family, friends and healthcare professionals, culturally appropriate education and resources) and Motivation (e.g. negative emotions, perceived consequences and necessity of health behaviours, social/cultural identity). Five relevant intervention functions are identified to link the barriers and enablers to evidence-based recommendations for communications to support behaviour change.
CONCLUSIONS
We provide a conceptual model to inform recommendations regarding the development of messaging and interventions to support women from diverse cultural backgrounds in engaging in healthy behaviours to reduce risk of T2DM.
Topics: Culture; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetes, Gestational; Female; Health Behavior; Humans; Motivation; Postpartum Period; Pregnancy; Qualitative Research
PubMed: 36004677
DOI: 10.1111/dme.14945 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2022Different ethnomedicinal studies have investigated the relationship between various phytochemicals as well as organic extracts and their bioactive aspects. Studies on... (Review)
Review
Different ethnomedicinal studies have investigated the relationship between various phytochemicals as well as organic extracts and their bioactive aspects. Studies on biological effects are attributed to secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, phenolic compounds, and terpenes. Since there have been no reviews in the literature on the traditional, phytochemical, and ethnomedicinal uses of the genus so far, this article systematically reviews 141 published studies that analyze the associations between secondary metabolites present in organic extracts and their beneficial effects. Most studies found associations between individual secondary metabolites and beneficial effects such as anticancer activity, antibacterial, antioxidant activity, snake anti-venom and anti-inflammatory activity. The aim of this review was to analyze studies carried out in the period 2005-2021 to update the existing knowledge on different species of the genus for ethnomedicinal uses, as well as pharmacological aspects and therapeutic uses.
Topics: Aristolochia; Ethnopharmacology; Medicine, Traditional; Phenols; Phytochemicals; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts
PubMed: 35745061
DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123937 -
Medicine Aug 2020COVID-19 is a global public health emergency. At present, there is no highly effective medicine for the prevention and treatment of 2019-nCoV. Western medicine for... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
COVID-19 is a global public health emergency. At present, there is no highly effective medicine for the prevention and treatment of 2019-nCoV. Western medicine for COVID-19 is mainly based on symptomatic support therapy. Chinese herbal medicine has been used to prevent infectious diseases for thousands of years in China. Western medicine routine treatment combined with Chinese herbal medicine is an alternative clinical option but lacks evidence-based medical evidence. The systematic review protocol aims to formulate a research plan that can evaluate the efficacy and safety of western medicine routine treatment combined with Chinese herbal medicine for COVID-19.
METHODS
We will search the following eight databases: Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Medline, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and CBM. The search time is up to the end of July 2020. Two authors will independently complete literature screening, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment. In case of disagreement, the third author will assist in the judgment. The primary outcome will be the clinical cure rate. The secondary outcome will be accounting symptoms, fever time, time of virus nucleic acid turning negative, check the condition by drawing blood, pneumonia absorption rate, patient hospitalization time, severe conversion rate and case fatality rate, adverse reactions, and adverse events. Revman 5.3 will be used for systematic reviews and meta-analysis. The report of the protocol will follow the PRISMA-P statement, and the report of the systematic review and meta-analysis will follow the PRISMA statement.
RESULTS
We will provide evidence-based medical evidence of the efficacy and safety of western medicine routine treatment combined with Chinese herbal medicine for COVID-19. The findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals.
REGISTRATION DETAILS
CRD42020190106.
Topics: Anti-Infective Agents; Antiviral Agents; COVID-19; China; Combined Modality Therapy; Coronavirus Infections; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Female; Humans; Male; Medicine, Chinese Traditional; Pandemics; Patient Safety; Pneumonia, Viral; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome; Survival Analysis; Treatment Outcome; United States
PubMed: 32769922
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000021616 -
Journal of Pediatric Nursing 2023Decision-making during the end-of-life (EOL) phase for children with cancer is extremely difficult for parents. We synthesized the qualitative experiences of children... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Decision-making during the end-of-life (EOL) phase for children with cancer is extremely difficult for parents. We synthesized the qualitative experiences of children with cancer, parents, and healthcare professionals (HCPs), and their social interactions during the EOL decision-making process in the pediatric oncology setting.
METHODS
Meta-ethnography was used to conduct a systematic review and meta-synthesis. We searched four online databases to identify original studies published in English and Japanese and examined 21 relevant studies. Two Japanese reviewers discussed the differences/relationships and included studies that synthesized the translated qualitative findings. A conceptual model of social interactions was created.
RESULTS
We identified four themes regarding children's, parents', and HCPs' experiences: hope and confrontation with the child's death, guidance and support during uncertainty, awareness of being protected and having hope, and mutual unspoken integration of values.
CONCLUSIONS
These themes evince the experiences of children, parents, and HCPs during the EOL decision-making process and suggests a complex three-way social interaction model. While considering such distinctive social interactions during a child's EOL, this study revealed the sharing of prudent information and psychosocial support by HCPs. The findings indicate that hope and uncertainty are key elements for effectively understanding the experiences of children and parents and that EOL decision-making should not be rushed but should be supported by leaving room for uncertainty and acknowledging parents' emotional needs and fostering new hope. Further research into how hope can be further supported in situations that are rife with uncertainty is needed.
Topics: Child; Humans; Qualitative Research; Parents; Anthropology, Cultural; Neoplasms; Death; Delivery of Health Care; Decision Making
PubMed: 36586777
DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2022.12.004 -
Nursing Open Jan 2024To explore and synthesise findings from qualitative studies on adult patients' experiences of day surgery and the processes of recovery. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
AIM
To explore and synthesise findings from qualitative studies on adult patients' experiences of day surgery and the processes of recovery.
BACKGROUND
There has been a shift in the practice of elective surgery, from inpatient to ambulatory treatment. Accordingly, more patients are undergoing day surgery and expected to care for themselves at home. To our knowledge, an updated metasynthesis on patients' experiences of day surgery across diverse contexts and continents is lacking.
DESIGN
Meta-ethnography.
METHODS
MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL were systematically searched for qualitative research in English published between 2006 and 2023. Noblit and Hare's meta-ethnographic approach guided the synthesis of findings from 12 qualitative studies, and the eMERGe Reporting Guidance was used in the writing of this article.
RESULTS
Four themes were revealed: (1) requests for tailored information, (2) challenges of recognising and understanding postoperative symptoms, (3) being dependent on continuous professional and personal support and (4) calling for individual adaptation.
CONCLUSION
Our meta-ethnography indicates there is a need to improve information provision to better prepare patients for the processes of day surgery and recovery and promote their self-care abilities. Our findings highlight the importance of ensuring adequate levels of individualised care and support throughout the treatment process.
RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE
To improve quality of care in day surgery practice, implementation of interventions to enhance information provision and promote self-care during recovery at home may be considered. Pre-admission appointments that incorporate provision of tailored information and assessment of the patients' individual needs of care and support, home conditions and access to assistance from family/friends can be recommended.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Ambulatory Surgical Procedures; Anthropology, Cultural; Elective Surgical Procedures; Qualitative Research
PubMed: 38268268
DOI: 10.1002/nop2.2055 -
BMJ Sexual & Reproductive Health Jul 2022This systematic review aimed to identify and describe the factors that influence female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C). (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
This systematic review aimed to identify and describe the factors that influence female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C).
METHODS
Searches were conducted in Medline, PsycInfo, Web of Science, Embase and the grey literature from 2009 to March 2020 with no language restrictions, using related MESH terms and keywords. Studies were included if they were quantitative and examined factors associated with FGM/C. Two researchers independently screened studies for inclusion, extracted data and assessed study quality. The direction, strength and consistency of the association were evaluated for determinants, presented as a descriptive summary, and were disaggregated by age and region.
RESULTS
Of 2230 studies identified, 54 published articles were included. The majority of studies were from the African Region (n=29) followed by the Eastern Mediterranean Region (n=18). A lower level of maternal education, family history of FGM/C, or belonging to the Muslim religion (in certain contexts) increased the likelihood of FGM/C. The majority of studies that examined higher paternal education (for girls only) and living in an urban region showed a reduced likelihood of FGM/C, while conflicting evidence remained for wealth. Several studies reported that FGM/C literacy, and low community FGM/C prevalence were associated with a reduced likelihood of FGM/C.
CONCLUSIONS
There were several characteristics that appear to be associated with FGM/C, and these will better enable the targeting of policies and interventions. Importantly, parental education may be instrumental in enabling communities and countries to meet the Sustainable Development Goals.
Topics: Circumcision, Female; Educational Status; Family; Female; Humans; Prevalence
PubMed: 35264420
DOI: 10.1136/bmjsrh-2021-201399 -
Medicine Nov 2023Perimenopausal insomnia (PMI) is a relatively common menopausal symptom that can cause serious problems for the women themselves and their families. Today, the world is... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Perimenopausal insomnia (PMI) is a relatively common menopausal symptom that can cause serious problems for the women themselves and their families. Today, the world is facing the trend and challenges of an aging population. It is reported that about 1.5 million women worldwide enter menopause every year, with sleep disorder identified as a core symptom. The efficacy of acupuncture combined with traditional Chinese medicine for treating PMI has been recognized by patients and doctors.
METHODS
We searched 8 databases to identify 15 randomized controlled trials evaluating the effects of acupuncture combined with traditional Chinese medicine on sleep in patients with PMI compared with Western medicine alone. Subsequently, data extraction and analysis were performed to assess the quality and risk of bias of the study method design, and a meta-analysis of the data was performed.
RESULTS
This study included 15 randomized controlled trials involving 1188 patients with PMI. The results show that acupuncture combined with traditional Chinese medicine seems to be more effective than Western medicine in the treatment of PMI: efficiency (RR: 1.18; 95% CI: 1.08, 1.29; P = .001); the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) (WMD: -2.77; 95% CI: 4.15-1.39; P < .0001); follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (WMD: -31.45; 95% CI: 42.7-20.2; P < .001) and the Hamilton Anxiety Score (HAMA) (WMD: -2.62, 95% CI: -3.93, -1.32; P < .0001). Compared with western medicine, E2 (WMD: 5.07; 95% CI: 5.78-15.92; P = .36) and LH (WMD: -4.86; 95% CI: 11.5-1.78; P = .151) had no difference.
CONCLUSION
The current analysis results show that acupuncture combined with Chinese medicine seems to have a more positive effect than western medicine alone in improving sleep and FSHF in PMI patients, but no difference has been found in improving E2 and LH. This study provides a basis for acupuncture combined with Chinese medicine to treat PMI. However, due to the higher risk of evaluation in included studies, more rigorous randomized controlled trials and higher quality studies are needed to validate included studies.
Topics: Humans; Female; Aged; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Perimenopause; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Acupuncture Therapy; Medicine, Chinese Traditional; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 37960761
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000035942 -
Drugs & Therapy Perspectives : For... 2022Vaccine coverage for children is an important indicator of the performance of national health and immunization systems. Most of the existing literature has targeted... (Review)
Review
UNLABELLED
Vaccine coverage for children is an important indicator of the performance of national health and immunization systems. Most of the existing literature has targeted mothers' low educational level, living in underserved districts and/or remote rural areas and economic poverty that are correlated with low immunization coverage but the supply- and demand-side constraints to immunization in low- and middle- income countries (LMICs) are not well understood. The reliability of claimed administrative immunization coverage in these contexts is questionable. To address these barriers within the present Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI), the difficulties related to inadequate vaccination uptake must be addressed in more depth. Building on already produced literature, this study aims to determine the extent of immunization coverage among children in LMICs, as well as to fill in the gaps in awareness about system-level obstacles that currently hinder the effective delivery and uptake of immunization services through EPI. By two reviewers, a literature search using PubMed and Google Scholar along with targeted grey literature was conducted on the 2nd of June 2021 by following PRISMA guidelines. The search techniques for electronic databases used both Medical Subject Headings (Mesh) and free-text words were tailored to each database's specific needs using a controlled vocabulary that was limited to the English language from 2000 and 2020. Of the 689 records, eleven articles were included in this review meeting the inclusion criteria. In total, five articles related to vaccination coverage, four studies on components of the routine immunization system, one article on the implementation of new and under-utilized vaccines and one were on vaccines financing. We evaluated the quality of the included studies and extracted into tables created by one investigator and double-checked by another. Review findings suggest that specific strategies to reduce inequality may be required. Vaccine procurement and pricing strategies, as well as vaccine customization to meet the needs of LMICs, are all critical components in strengthening immunization systems. Our findings could be used to establish practical strategies for countries and development partners to address coverage gaps and improve vaccination system effectiveness.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40267-021-00890-7.
PubMed: 35340931
DOI: 10.1007/s40267-021-00890-7