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American Journal of Orthodontics and... Jan 2022A key goal of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances is alignment of the dentition, and this remains a commonly selected outcome in clinical studies investigating... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
INTRODUCTION
A key goal of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances is alignment of the dentition, and this remains a commonly selected outcome in clinical studies investigating orthodontic tooth movement. This systematic review has evaluated treatment duration to achieve alignment of the mandibular dentition using fixed appliances.
METHODS
Systematic literature searches without restrictions were undertaken in 9 databases for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) assessing duration and rate of tooth alignment using fixed appliances with or without treatment adjuncts published up to January 2021. After duplicate study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment according to Cochrane, random-effects meta-analyses of aggregate data, and individual patient data were conducted.
RESULTS
Thirty-five trials were included with 2258 participants (39% male; mean age 17.8 years), giving a pooled duration to achieve whole-arch alignment of the mandibular dentition of 263.0 days (4 trials; 95% confidence interval [CI], 186.7-339.4 days) and incisor alignment in the mandibular arch of 100.7 days (9 trials; 95% CI, 84.1-117.4 days). Surgical-assisted orthodontics was associated with reduced duration of incisor alignment: mean difference of 44.3 days less (4 trials; 95% CI, 20.0-68.9 days; P <0.001; high quality of evidence), whereas subgroup and meta-regression analyses indicated significant effects of baseline crowding and premolar extractions. Individual patient data analysis from 3 RCTs indicated that for each additional participant age year, whole-arch alignment of the mandibular dentition took 13.7 days longer (3 trials; 95% CI, 7.7-17.7 days; P <0.001) and for each additional mm of irregularity, 17.5 days more were needed (2 trials; 95% CI, 9.8-25.2 days; P <0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
Patient and treatment-related characteristics can significantly affect the duration of tooth alignment and should be taken into account both clinically and when designing trial outcomes. Future research studies investigating rates of orthodontic tooth alignment would benefit from adequate sample sizes and a more consistent methodology in outcome assessment. Data in this systematic review provides a basis for appropriate trial design for future RCTs investigating the rate of orthodontic tooth alignment with fixed appliances.
Topics: Adolescent; Female; Humans; Male; Orthodontic Appliances, Fixed; Tooth Movement Techniques
PubMed: 34794862
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2021.06.016 -
Nutrition Reviews May 2022A relationship between obesity and poor oral health has been reported. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
CONTEXT
A relationship between obesity and poor oral health has been reported.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the association between overweight/obesity and oral health in Mexican children and adolescents.
DATA SOURCES
A literature search was conducted of 13 databases and 1 search engine for articles published from 1995 onward.
DATA ANALYSIS
A total of 18 publications were included. Evidence was inconclusive and varied according to sociodemographic factors or outcome measuring tools. The Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth and Filled Teeth Surfaces indices and the decayed extracted filled teeth index outcomes were included in a random effects model meta-analysis. Pooled estimates showed no statistically significant oral health differences (measured via the decayed extracted filled teeth or the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth Surfaces indexes) among body mass index (BMI) categories. However, pooled estimates of 6 studies showed that children with higher BMI had worse oral health in permanent teeth (measured via the Decayed Missing Filled Teeth Index) than children with lower BMI (overall mean difference, -0.42; 95%CI, -0.74, -0.11).
CONCLUSION
Whether there is an association between poor oral health and high BMI is inconclusive; however, both co-exist among Mexican children. Therefore, health promotion and prevention efforts should address common risk factors and broader risk social determinants shared between noncommunicable diseases.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Dental Caries; Dentition, Permanent; Health Promotion; Humans; Obesity; Oral Health
PubMed: 34664672
DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuab088 -
International Journal of Clinical... 2020The purpose of this systematic review is to analyze the suitability of the zirconia crowns for restoration of damaged primary teeth in children. (Review)
Review
AIM AND OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this systematic review is to analyze the suitability of the zirconia crowns for restoration of damaged primary teeth in children.
BACKGROUND
This systematic review has been conducted in line with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews (which is also called as PRISMA) guidelines. A search for the relevant articles of zirconia crowns in deciduous teeth has been made in electronic database of PubMed and a study design (meta-analysis), i.e., PICOS framework. The words used in the search are "zirconia crowns" and "primary molars," "zirconia crowns" and "primary incisors," "zirconia crowns" and "children," "zirconia crowns" and "primary teeth."
REVIEW RESULTS
The database search showed 44 studies of which 20 articles were excluded as they were irrelevant, duplicates, and data were not available. In the present systematic review, the remaining 24 articles were included.
CONCLUSION
Zirconia crowns have been proved with better results than other crowns in terms of gingival and periodontal health, esthetics, and crown fractures. However, the quantity of tooth preparation and the wear of antagonist tooth are reported to be more in case of zirconia crowns. Future randomized control studies should be carried out in primary teeth due to less number of randomized studies on this topic.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
Zirconia crowns are now widely used in dentistry and there is an increase in the number of studies, so a systematic review evaluating and comparing results is warranted.
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE
Ajayakumar LP, Chowdhary N, Reddy VR, . Use of Restorative Full Crowns Made with Zirconia in Children: A Systematic Review. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2020;13(5):551-558.
PubMed: 33623346
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1822 -
Journal of Oral Biology and... 2022This systematic review evaluates the variation in molar bite force (MBF) with the type and severity of dental malocclusion in young adults with permanent dentition. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
This systematic review evaluates the variation in molar bite force (MBF) with the type and severity of dental malocclusion in young adults with permanent dentition.
METHODS
We searched seven electronic databases until December 31, 2021, and identified 1898 articles, of which 22 full-texts were reviewed. Eight clinical studies with subjects having permanent dentition with various dental malocclusions and quantifying maximal bite force were included for the review. Newcastle Ottawa scale was used to assess the risk of bias and GRADE to study the certainty of evidence. Articles were evaluated for the primary outcome (variation of MBF in different malocclusion groups) and confounding factors affecting MBF.
RESULTS
All studies measured MBF in individuals with normal and malocclusion, with 2329 subjects having permanent dentition. A positive correlation of Class I normal occlusion with the bite force was seen compared to Class II and III malocclusion. Unilateral crossbite patients had lesser bite force. Six studies with 1023 males and 1175 females showed MBF more in males than females. In 3 studies (332 subjects), no significant difference for MBF between the right and left sides of the jaws was measured.
CONCLUSION
MBF decreases significantly with vertical and transverse craniofacial and dental discrepancy. Normal sagittal occlusion has more molar bite force than patients with different malocclusions. Also, MBF is more in males than females, and it increases with age.
REGISTRATION
PROSPERO CRD42021249328.
PubMed: 36092457
DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2022.08.009 -
International Journal of Dental Hygiene Nov 2020To investigate the explicitness and variability of the definition of periodontal health in the current scientific literature. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the explicitness and variability of the definition of periodontal health in the current scientific literature.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The authors conducted a systematic literature review using PubMed and CENTRAL (2013-01/2019-05) according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and the guidelines of the Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) statement.
RESULTS
A total of 51 papers met the predefined inclusion criteria. Of these, 13 papers did not report any explicit definitions of periodontal health. Out of the 38 remaining articles, half of them used a reference to support their definition and half of them not. The studies published in periodontics-related journals or those that scored a low risk of bias for the methodical quality presented more explicit and valid definitions. Probing pocket depth was the most frequently used individual parameter for defining periodontal health. However, there were substantial variations in the methods of measurement and cut-off values.
CONCLUSIONS
Given the diversity of periodontal health definitions, a cross-study comparison is difficult. The results of this review may be useful in making others aware of the significance of standardizing the definition of a healthy periodontium.
Topics: Humans; Periodontics; Periodontium; Terminology as Topic
PubMed: 32330350
DOI: 10.1111/idh.12438 -
Clinical Oral Investigations Feb 2022By means of a systematic review and network meta-analysis, this study aims to answer the following questions: (a) does the placement of a biomaterial over an extraction... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
AIM
By means of a systematic review and network meta-analysis, this study aims to answer the following questions: (a) does the placement of a biomaterial over an extraction socket lead to better outcomes in terms of horizontal and vertical alveolar dimensional changes and percentage of new bone formation than healing without coverage? And (b) which biomaterial(s) provide(s) the better outcomes?
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Parallel and split-mouth randomized controlled trials treating ≥ 10 patients were included in this analysis. Studies were identified with MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Scopus. Primary outcomes were preservation of horizontal and vertical alveolar dimension and new bone formation inside the socket. Both pairwise and network meta-analysis (NMA) were undertaken to obtain estimates for primary outcomes. For NMA, prediction intervals were calculated to estimate clinical efficacy, and SUCRA was used to rank the materials based on their performance; multidimensional ranking was used to rank treatments based on dissimilarity. The manuscript represents the proceedings of a consensus conference of the Italian Society of Osseointegration (IAO).
RESULTS
Twelve trials were included in the qualitative and quantitative analysis: 312 sites were evaluated. Autologous soft tissue grafts were associated with better horizontal changes compared to resorbable membranes. A statistically significant difference in favor of resorbable membranes, when compared to no membrane, was found, with no statistically significant heterogeneity. For the comparison between crosslinked and non-crosslinked membranes, a statistically significant difference was found in favor of the latter and confirmed by histomorphometric NMA analysis. Given the relatively high heterogeneity detected in terms of treatment approaches, materials, and outcome assessment, the findings of the NMA must be interpreted cautiously.
CONCLUSIONS
Coverage of the healing site is associated with superior results compared to no coverage, but no specific sealing technique and/or biomaterial provides better results than others. RCTs with larger sample sizes are needed to better elucidate the trends emerged from the present analysis.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Autologous soft tissue grafts and membranes covering graft materials in post-extraction sites were proved to allow lower hard tissue shrinkage compared to the absence of coverage material with sealing effect. Histomorphometric analyses showed that non-crosslinked membranes provide improved hard tissue regeneration when compared to crosslinked ones.
Topics: Alveolar Ridge Augmentation; Biocompatible Materials; Dental Care; Humans; Network Meta-Analysis; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Tooth Extraction; Tooth Socket; Treatment Outcome; Wound Healing
PubMed: 34825280
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-04262-3 -
European Journal of Paediatric Dentistry Dec 2023Molar incisor hypomeralisation (MIH) is a dental condition clinically characterised by the presence of morphological and qualitative enamel defects involving the...
AIM
Molar incisor hypomeralisation (MIH) is a dental condition clinically characterised by the presence of morphological and qualitative enamel defects involving the occlusal and/or incisal third of one or more permanent molars or incisors. Its worldwide prevalence ranges between 2.4 and 40%. Several harmful conditions, such as genetic or medical problems during pregnancy, may act together and increase the risk of MIH. The main objective of this systematic review is to assess whether there is a correlation between MIH and dental caries in mixed or permanent dentition.
METHODS
An electronic search was performed on PubMed (Medline), Scopus and Cochrane Library for articles published from August 2022 to April 2023. Cohort, cross-sectional, retrospective and prospective studies were included. In vitro and animal studies, as well as clinical cases and systematic reviews, were excluded. Studies not differentiating between mixed and permanent dentition were excluded. The observed variables were DMFT (Decayed Missed Filled Teeth) score, DMFS (Decayed Missed Filled Surface) and DMF scores related to FPM (First Permanent Molar) and the clinical prevalence of MIH.
CONCLUSION
DMFT, DMFS and DMFT on FPM scores are significantly different between the group of patients with MIH and the control group. The available evidence supports a correlation between MIH lesions and caries. Caries indexes scores increase proportionally to the severity of MIH.
Topics: Animals; Female; Pregnancy; Humans; Child; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dental Caries; Dental Caries Susceptibility; Molar Hypomineralization; Prevalence; Prospective Studies; Retrospective Studies; Molar
PubMed: 38015112
DOI: 10.23804/ejpd.2023.1985 -
International Journal of Environmental... Nov 2022Due to the increase in the population with special needs and the significant difficulty in their dental management, it is essential to analyze the caries prevalence in... (Review)
Review
Due to the increase in the population with special needs and the significant difficulty in their dental management, it is essential to analyze the caries prevalence in this group of patients. The systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA statement. A search was performed on 9 May 2022 and updated on 5 June 2022, in three databases: Pubmed, Scielo, and Cochrane library. Studies involving the analysis of caries in permanent teeth in patients with special needs were included. A total of 1277 studies were analyzed and 21 studies were selected. Quality assessments were performed using an adapted version of the STROBE guidelines. Among the analyzed groups (intellectual disabilities, human immunodeficiency virus infection, schizophrenia, down syndrome, drug addicts, adult heart transplant, kidney disease, diabetic, autism, psychiatric patients, cerebral palsy, and hemophilia), the highest prevalence of caries was observed in patients with intellectual disability, without differences between genders. However, there is a need for more studies with standardized methods for caries diagnosis to further investigate the prevalence of caries in permanent teeth in patients with special needs.
Topics: Humans; Female; Male; Dentition, Permanent; Prevalence; Dental Caries Susceptibility; Intellectual Disability; Cerebral Palsy
PubMed: 36429911
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215194 -
Journal of Biomechanics Oct 2020Motion of the mandible and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) plays a pivotal role in the function of the dentition and associated hard and soft tissue structures, and...
Motion of the mandible and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) plays a pivotal role in the function of the dentition and associated hard and soft tissue structures, and facilitates mastication, oral communication and access to respiratory and digestive systems. Quantification of TMJ kinematics is clinically relevant in cases of prosthetic rehabilitations, TMJ disorders, osteoarthritis, trauma, tumour resection and congenital abnormalities, which are known to directly influence mandibular motion and loading. The objective of this systematic review was to critically investigate published literature on historic and contemporary measurement modalities used to quantify in vivo mandibular and TMJ kinematics in six degrees of freedom. The electronic databases of Scopus, Web of Science, Medline, Embase and Central were searched and 109 relevant articles identified. Publication quality was documented using a modified Downs and Black checklist. Axiography and ultrasonic tracking are commonly employed in the clinical setting due to their simplicity and capacity to rapidly acquire low-fidelity mandibular motion data. Magnetic and optoelectronic tracking have been used in combination with dental splints to produce higher accuracy measurements while minimising skin motion artefact, but at the expense of setup time and cost. Four-dimensional computed tomography provides direct 3D measurement of mandibular and TMJ motion while circumventing skin motion artefact entirely, but employs ionising radiation, is restricted to low sampling frequencies, and requires time-consuming image processing. Recent advances in magnetic tracking using miniature sensors adhered to the teeth in combination with intraoral scanning may facilitate rapid and high precision mandibular kinematics measurement in the clinical setting. The findings of this review will guide selection and application of mandibular and TMJ kinematic measurement for both clinical and research applications.
Topics: Biomechanical Phenomena; Mandible; Mandibular Condyle; Range of Motion, Articular; Temporomandibular Joint
PubMed: 32971491
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2020.109994 -
Dental Materials : Official Publication... Dec 2023The objective is to compare the preventive effect on secondary caries of glass ionomer cement (GIC) restorations with amalgam or resin-composite restorations. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
The objective is to compare the preventive effect on secondary caries of glass ionomer cement (GIC) restorations with amalgam or resin-composite restorations.
METHODS
Two independent researchers conducted a systematic search of English publications in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane and Scopus. They selected randomized clinical trials comparing secondary caries incidences around GIC restorations (conventional GIC or resin-modified GIC) with amalgam or resin-composite restorations. Meta-analysis of the secondary-caries incidences with risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) as the effect measure was performed.
RESULTS
This review included 64 studies. These studies included 8310 GIC restorations and 5857 amalgam or resin-composite restorations with a follow-up period from 1 to 10 years. Twenty-one studies with 4807 restorations on primary teeth and thirty-eight studies with 4885 restorations on permanent teeth were eligible for meta-analysis. The GIC restorations had a lower secondary caries incidence compared with amalgam restorations in both primary dentition [RR= 0.55, 95% CI:0.41-0.72] and permanent dentition [RR= 0.20, 95% CI:0.11-0.38]. GIC restorations showed similar secondary caries incidence compared with resin-composite restorations in primary dentition [RR= 0.92, 95% CI:0.77-1.10] and permanent dentition [RR= 0.77, 95% CI:0.39-1.51]. Conventional GIC restorations showed similar secondary caries incidence compared with resin-modified GIC-restored teeth in both primary dentition [RR= 1.12, 95% CI:0.67-1.87] and permanent dentition [RR= 1.63, 95% CI:0.34-7.84].
CONCLUSIONS
GIC restorations showed a superior preventive effect against secondary caries compared to amalgam restorations, and a similar preventive effect against secondary caries compared to resin-composite restorations in both primary and permanent teeth. [PROSPERO Registration ID: CRD42022380959].
Topics: Humans; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Glass Ionomer Cements; Dental Caries Susceptibility; Dental Caries; Composite Resins; Dental Amalgam
PubMed: 37838608
DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2023.10.008