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Cureus Oct 2023The potential interplay between domestic violence and masticatory outcomes in children and adolescents has garnered increasing attention. Understanding the association... (Review)
Review
The potential interplay between domestic violence and masticatory outcomes in children and adolescents has garnered increasing attention. Understanding the association between domestic abuse and specific oral health parameters, such as biting habits, temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), and bruxism, holds implications for holistic healthcare interventions. This systematic review aims to synthesize the available evidence to elucidate the potential relationships between domestic abuse and targeted oral health outcomes in the pediatric population. A comprehensive search strategy was conducted across eight databases, namely, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. Boolean operators and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) keywords were strategically employed to optimize search precision. Clinical studies investigating the relationships between domestic abuse and TMDs, or bruxism, in children and adolescents were included. Two reviewers extracted the data independently. The methodological quality and risk of bias of the selected studies were critically appraised using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. The systematic search identified three papers investigating the associations between domestic abuse and the targeted oral health parameters. Children in the age group of 6-19 years were assessed. The synthesized evidence revealed a consistent association between domestic abuse and masticatory outcomes. Individuals subjected to domestic abuse exhibited a greater percentage of masticatory anomalies. The methodological assessment of the included studies showed good quality. This systematic review provides a notable synthesis of evidence regarding the associations between domestic abuse and masticatory outcomes in children and adolescents. The complex nature of these relationships necessitates further research to unravel the underlying mechanisms and establish causality. The insights from this review highlight the significance of integrating abuse assessment within oral health evaluations and underscore the need for interdisciplinary collaborations to address the potential impact of abusive experiences on the oral health and well-being of the pediatric population.
PubMed: 37954731
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46764 -
Journal of Global Health Nov 2022The association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and diabetes is unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to quantify the association between... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
The association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and diabetes is unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to quantify the association between the number and types of ACEs and diabetes during adulthood based on available observational studies.
METHODS
A comprehensive literature search of studies exploring the association between ACEs and diabetes was conducted in PubMed, Medline, and Embase databases until 15 April 2022. A random-effects model was used to pool odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the number and types of ACEs with diabetes. Regarding the association between the number of ACEs and diabetes, we used funnel plots to examine publication bias, subgroup analysis to explore sources of heterogeneity, and sensitivity analysis to explore the robustness of the pooled results.
RESULTS
A total of 49 studies were included. Individuals with higher continuous ACEs (per each additional ACE: OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.02-1.10), any ACE (OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.16-1.28), or ≥4 ACEs (OR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.27-1.63) were at an increased risk of diabetes in adulthood when compared with individuals without ACEs. Across specific ACE types, childhood economic adversity (OR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.04-1.19), physical abuse (OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.07-1.21), sexual abuse (OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.12-1.39), verbal abuse (OR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.03-1.20), and incarceration (OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.03-1.45) were associated with diabetes. However, neglect, emotional abuse, domestic violence, parental divorce or separation, parental death, and living with a family member with substance abuse or mental disorders were not significantly associated with diabetes.
CONCLUSIONS
Individuals with ACEs may have a cumulative risk for diabetes in adulthood. It is critical to prevent ACEs and build resilience in individuals affected by ACEs.
Topics: Humans; Adult; Adverse Childhood Experiences; Risk Factors; Domestic Violence; Divorce; Diabetes Mellitus; Observational Studies as Topic
PubMed: 36318589
DOI: 10.7189/jogh.12.04082 -
Journal of Gambling Studies Jun 2023Gambling disorder is a common and problematic behavioral disorder associated with depression, substance abuse, domestic violence, bankruptcy, and high suicide rates. In... (Review)
Review
Gambling disorder is a common and problematic behavioral disorder associated with depression, substance abuse, domestic violence, bankruptcy, and high suicide rates. In the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), pathological gambling was renamed "gambling disorder" and moved to the Substance-Related and Addiction Disorders chapter to acknowledge that research suggests that pathological gambling and alcohol and drug addiction are related. Therefore, this paper provides a systematic review of risk factors for gambling disorder. Systematic searches of EBSCO, PubMed, and Web of Science identified 33 records that met study inclusion criteria. A revised study acknowledges as risk factors for developing/maintaining a gambling disorder being a single young male, or married for less than 5 years, living alone, having a poor education, and struggling financially.
Topics: Humans; Male; Gambling; Comorbidity; Substance-Related Disorders; Behavior, Addictive; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; Risk Factors
PubMed: 36884150
DOI: 10.1007/s10899-023-10195-1 -
Childhood abuse and neglect, and mortality risk in adulthood: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Child Abuse & Neglect Dec 2022Research findings on the relationship between childhood abuse and neglect (CAN) and mortality risk in adulthood are inconsistent. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Research findings on the relationship between childhood abuse and neglect (CAN) and mortality risk in adulthood are inconsistent.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the association between CAN and mortality risk in adulthood.
PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING
Systematic review and meta-analysis.
METHODS
Six databases were searched up to November 2021 for studies reporting adult mortality outcomes associated with childhood physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, physical neglect and/or emotional neglect. When feasible, results were pooled using a random-effects meta-analysis.
RESULTS
Nine studies met the inclusion criteria, involving 265,858 individuals. Abuse included physical (4/9), sexual (2/9), emotional (2/9), combined physical or sexual (2/9) and combined abuse and neglect (4/9). Only one study reported neglect separately. Three studies that examined the association between combined childhood abuse and neglect and mortality showed a pooled HR of 1.86 (95 % CI = 1.26-2.73, I = 81 %). Specific types of abuse (physical, emotional, sexual) were unrelated to mortality risk, but subgroup analyses suggested that physical and emotional abuse were associated with greater mortality risk among women. There was high heterogeneity (I of >75 %) between estimates for almost all predictors.
CONCLUSIONS
Research suggests an association between CAN and adult mortality risk. However, more research is needed to address several limitations within the literature. These include standardising measures of CAN, representative sampling from vulnerable populations and differing geographical regions, and more detailed examination of the multi-faceted experience of abuse and neglect in childhood.
Topics: Adult; Child; Female; Humans; Child Abuse
PubMed: 36244209
DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2022.105922 -
Trauma, Violence & Abuse Jan 2024This systematic review sought to describe the prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization among immigrants in the United States (U.S.) and the prevalence... (Review)
Review
This systematic review sought to describe the prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization among immigrants in the United States (U.S.) and the prevalence of IPV perpetration among immigrants in the U.S. PsycInfo, PubMed, Global Health and Scopus databases were searched for peer-reviewed literature that quantitatively examined IPV in relation to immigration. Twenty-four articles were included in the final review. Past-year IPV victimization rates among immigrants ranged from 3.8% to 46.9% and lifetime IPV victimization rates ranged from 13.9% to 93%; past-year IPV perpetration rates ranged from 3.0% to 24.8% and the one lifetime IPV perpetration rate was 12.8%. Estimates varied widely by country of origin, type of violence measured, and measure used to quantify IPV. Reliance on small convenience samples is problematic when trying to determine the true prevalence of IPV among immigrants. Epidemiological research is needed to improve the accuracy and representativeness of findings.
Topics: Humans; United States; Emigration and Immigration; Intimate Partner Violence; Crime Victims; Emigrants and Immigrants; Bullying
PubMed: 37078533
DOI: 10.1177/15248380231165690 -
Frontiers in Psychology 2022Intimate partner violence (IPV) is an important problem that has significant detrimental effects on the wellbeing of female victims. The chronic physical and...
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is an important problem that has significant detrimental effects on the wellbeing of female victims. The chronic physical and psychological effects of intimate partner violence (IPV) are complex, long-lasting, chronic, and require treatments focusing on improving mental health issues, safety, and support. Various psycho-social intervention programs are being implemented to improve survivor wellbeing. However, little is known about the effectiveness of different treatments on IPV survivors' wellbeing. For this purpose, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effectiveness of interventions on improving outcomes that describe the wellbeing of adult female survivors of IPV. We searched PubMed, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library. We explored the effectiveness of available interventions on multiple outcomes that are critical for the wellbeing of adult female victims of IPV. To provide a broad and comprehensive view of survivors' wellbeing, we considered outcomes including mental health, physical health, diminishing further violence, social support, safety, self-efficacy, and quality of life. We reviewed 2,770 citations. Among these 25 randomized-controlled-study with a total of 4,683 participants met inclusion criteria. Findings of meta-analyses on interventions indicated promising results in improving [standardized mean difference (SMD) -7.15, 95% confidence interval (CI) -8.39 to -5.92], (SMD -0.26, CI -0.56 to -0.05), (SMD = 0.43, CI 0.4 to -0.83), (SMD = -0.92, CI -1.66 to -0.17), (SMD = 0.39, CI 0.12 to 0.66), (SMD = 1.33, CI -0.73 to 3.39), (SMD =0.40, CI 0.20 to 0.61), and (SMD = -8.94, CI -10.48 to -7.40) at the post-test. We found that empowerment plays a vital role, especially when treating and , which are difficult to improve across interventions. We found mixed findings on self-efficacy and quality of life. The effects of IPV are long-lasting and require treatments targeting co-morbid issues including improving safety and mental health issues.
PubMed: 35185725
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.793021 -
Trauma, Violence & Abuse Apr 2023Existing culturally competent models of care and guidelines are directing the responses of healthcare providers to culturally diverse populations. However, there is a... (Review)
Review
Existing culturally competent models of care and guidelines are directing the responses of healthcare providers to culturally diverse populations. However, there is a lack of research into how or if these models and guidelines can be translated into the primary care context of family violence. This systematic review aimed to synthesise published evidence to explore the components of culturally competent primary care response for women experiencing family violence. We define family violence as any form of abuse perpetrated against a woman either by her intimate partner or the partner's family member. We included English language peer-reviewed articles and grey literature items that explored interactions between culturally diverse women experiencing family violence and their primary care clinicians. We refer women of migrant and refugee backgrounds, Indigenous women and women of ethnic minorities collectively as culturally diverse women. We searched eight electronic databases and websites of Australia-based relevant organisations. Following a critical interpretive synthesis of 28 eligible peer-reviewed articles and 16 grey literature items, we generated 11 components of culturally competent family violence related primary care. In the discussion section, we interpreted our findings using an ecological framework to develop a model of care that provides insights into how components at the primary care practice level should coordinate with components at the primary care provider level to enable efficient support to these women experiencing family violence. The review findings are applicable beyond the family violence primary care context.
Topics: Female; Humans; Cultural Competency; Domestic Violence; Family; Culturally Competent Care; Primary Health Care
PubMed: 34629009
DOI: 10.1177/15248380211046968 -
Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria (Sao... May 2023Religiosity and spirituality (R/S) have been negatively associated with several mental health problems, including delinquency. The study aimed to investigate the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
Religiosity and spirituality (R/S) have been negatively associated with several mental health problems, including delinquency. The study aimed to investigate the relationship between R/S and interpersonal violence using a systematic review.
METHODS
We conducted a descriptive systematic review followed by meta-analyses using seven different databases. We included observational studies that assessed the relationship between R/S and different types of interpersonal violence (physical and sexual aggression and domestic violence).
RESULTS
A total of 16,599 articles were screened in the databases and, after applying the eligibility criteria, 67 were included in the systematic review and 43 were included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that higher levels of R/S were significantly associated with decreased physical and sexual aggression, but not domestic violence. All selected studies evidenced sufficient methodological quality, with 26.8% being cohort studies. In the subanalyses, the role of R/S was more prevalent among adolescents.
CONCLUSION
There is an inverse relationship between R/S and physical and sexual aggression, suggesting a protective role. However, these results were not observed for domestic violence. Healthcare professionals and managers should be aware of their patients' beliefs when investigating interpersonal violence to create tailored interventions for reducing violent behavior.
Topics: Adolescent; Humans; Spirituality; Aggression; Health Personnel; Violence
PubMed: 36331229
DOI: 10.47626/1516-4446-2022-2832 -
Iranian Journal of Psychiatry Jan 2021In this systematic review, we aimed to evaluate the existing strategies and interventions in domestic violence prevention to assess their effectiveness. To select...
In this systematic review, we aimed to evaluate the existing strategies and interventions in domestic violence prevention to assess their effectiveness. To select studies, Pubmed, ISI, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Cochrane, Scopus, Embase, Ovid, Science Direct, ProQuest, and Elsevier databases were searched. Two authors reviewed all papers using established inclusion/ exclusion criteria. Finally, 18 articles were selected and met the inclusion criteria for assessment. Following the Cochrane quality assessment tool and AHRQ Standards, the studies were classified for quality rating based on design and performance quality. Two authors separately reviewed the studies and categorized them as good, fair, and poor quality. Most of the selected papers had fair- or poor-quality rating in terms of methodology quality. Different intervention methods had been used in these studies. Four studies focused on empowering women; 3, 4, and 2 studies were internet-based interventions, financial interventions, and relatively social interventions, respectively. Four interventions were also implemented in specific groups. All authors stated that interventions were effective. Intervention methods should be fully in line with the characteristics of the participants. Environmental and cultural conditions and the role of the cause of violence are important elements in choosing the type of intervention. Interventions are not superior to each other because of their different applications.
PubMed: 34054988
DOI: 10.18502/ijps.v16i1.5384 -
Journal of Medical Internet Research Dec 2020Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a major public health concern. eHealth interventions may reduce exposure to violence and health-related consequences as the technology... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a major public health concern. eHealth interventions may reduce exposure to violence and health-related consequences as the technology provides a safe and flexible space for the target population. However, the evidence is unclear.
OBJECTIVE
The goal of the review is to examine the effect of eHealth interventions compared with standard care on reducing IPV, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among women exposed to IPV.
METHODS
We searched EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PsycInfo, Scopus, Global Health Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, and International Clinical Trials Registry Platform for published and unpublished trials from inception until April 2019. Trials with an eHealth intervention targeting women exposed to violence were included. We assessed risk of bias using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. Trials that reported effect estimates on overall IPV; physical, sexual, and psychological violence; depression; or posttraumatic stress disorder were included in meta-analyses.
RESULTS
A total of 14 trials were included in the review; 8 published trials, 3 unpublished trials and 3 ongoing trials. Of the 8 published trials, 2 were judged as overall low risk of bias trials. The trials reported 23 types of outcomes, and 7 of the trials had outcomes that were eligible for meta-analyses. Our pooled analyses found no effect of eHealth interventions on any of our prespecified outcomes: overall IPV (SMD -0.01; 95% CI -0.11 to 0.08; I=0%; 5 trials, 1668 women); physical violence (SMD 0.01; 95% CI -0.22 to 0.24; I=58%; 4 trials, 1128 women); psychological violence (SMD 0.07; 95% CI -0.12 to 0.25; I=40%; 4 trials, 1129 women); sexual violence (MD 0.36; 95% CI -0.18 to 0.91; I=0%; 2 trials, 1029 women); depression (SMD -0.13; 95% CI -0.37 to 0.11; I=78%; 5 trials, 1600 women); and PTSD (MD -0.11; 95% CI -1.04 to 0.82; I=0%; 5 trials, 1267 women).
CONCLUSIONS
There is no evidence from randomized trials of a beneficial effect of eHealth interventions on IPV. More high-quality trials are needed, and we recommend harmonizing outcome reporting in IPV trials by establishing core outcome sets.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42019130124; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=130124.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Internet-Based Intervention; Intimate Partner Violence; Male; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Telemedicine
PubMed: 33306030
DOI: 10.2196/22361