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Contact Lens & Anterior Eye : the... Feb 2024To comprehensively review the efficacy and safety of OC-01 varenicline nasal spray versus vehicle nasal spray (VNS) in the treatment in dry eye disease (DED). (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
To comprehensively review the efficacy and safety of OC-01 varenicline nasal spray versus vehicle nasal spray (VNS) in the treatment in dry eye disease (DED).
METHODS
A systematic review that included full-length randomized controlled studies (RCTs), as well as post hoc analyses of RCTs reporting new findings on OC-01 VNS treatment in three databases, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science, was performed according to the PRISMA statement. The search period included studies published between December 2021 and September 2023. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to analyze the quality of the studies selected.
RESULTS
A total of 8 studies were included in this systematic review. OC-01 VNS treatment achieved higher improvement than vehicle in all reported variables. The mean differences between both groups were in favor of OC-01 VNS treatment and were as follow: eye dryness score base on a visual analogue scale (EDS-VAS) of -7.5 ± 2.2 points [-11.6 to -5.6], Schirmer test (ST) with anesthesia of 6.6 ± 2.3 mm [4.9 to 11.8] and total corneal fluorescein staining (tCFS) of -1.2 ± 0.01 points [-1.2 to -1.1]. Similar improvements were reported with OC-01 VNS 0.03 mg and 0.06 mg. Adverse events (AEs) were 15.5 ± 19.4 % [-13 to 80.5] higher in the OC-01 VNS group with an overall adherence > 93 %.
CONCLUSIONS
OC-01 VNS improves dry eye symptoms and signs with a satisfactory tolerability. Therefore, OC-01 VNS seems to be a safe and effective treatment that could be recommended in patients with DED. This new treatment could be particularly useful in those patients who have difficulties with the administration of traditional topical therapies.
Topics: Humans; Dry Eye Syndromes; Fluorescein; Nasal Sprays; Tears; Varenicline
PubMed: 38065797
DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2023.102097 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2023Nanotechnology is an innovative field of study that has made significant progress due to its potential versatility and wide range of applications, precisely because of... (Review)
Review
Nanotechnology is an innovative field of study that has made significant progress due to its potential versatility and wide range of applications, precisely because of the development of metal nanoparticles such as copper. Nanoparticles are bodies composed of a nanometric cluster of atoms (1-100 nm). Biogenic alternatives have replaced their chemical synthesis due to their environmental friendliness, dependability, sustainability, and low energy demand. This ecofriendly option has medical, pharmaceutical, food, and agricultural applications. When compared to their chemical counterparts, using biological agents, such as micro-organisms and plant extracts, as reducing and stabilizing agents has shown viability and acceptance. Therefore, it is a feasible alternative for rapid synthesis and scaling-up processes. Several research articles on the biogenic synthesis of copper nanoparticles have been published over the past decade. Still, none provided an organized, comprehensive overview of their properties and potential applications. Thus, this systematic review aims to assess research articles published over the past decade regarding the antioxidant, antitumor, antimicrobial, dye removal, and catalytic activities of biogenically synthesized copper nanoparticles using the scientific methodology of big data analytics. Plant extract and micro-organisms (bacteria and fungi) are addressed as biological agents. We intend to assist the scientific community in comprehending and locating helpful information for future research or application development.
Topics: Copper; Metal Nanoparticles; Bacteria; Anti-Infective Agents; Plant Extracts; Antioxidants; Anti-Bacterial Agents
PubMed: 37375393
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124838 -
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology 2023Current guidelines strongly recommend the use of validated classifications to support optical diagnosis of lesions with advanced endoscopic imaging in the lower... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Current guidelines strongly recommend the use of validated classifications to support optical diagnosis of lesions with advanced endoscopic imaging in the lower gastrointestinal tract. However, the optimal strategy in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is still a matter of debate.
OBJECTIVES
To analyze the accuracy of endoscopic classifications or single predictors for lesion characterization during endoscopic surveillance of IBD with advanced endoscopic imaging.
DESIGN
Systematic review.
DATA SOURCES AND METHODS
Medline and PubMed were used to extract all studies which focused on lesion characterization of neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions in IBD. The diagnostic accuracy of endoscopic classifications and single endoscopic predictors for lesion characterization were analyzed according to type of patients, lesions, and technology used. When available, the rates of true and false positives or negatives for neoplasia were pooled and the sensitivity (SE), specificity (SP), positive predictive value, and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated.
RESULTS
We included 35 studies (2789 patients; 5925 lesions - 1149 neoplastic). Advanced endoscopic imaging included dye-based chromoendoscopy, virtual chromoendoscopy (VCE), magnification and high-definition endoscopy, confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE), endocytoscopy, and autofluorescence imaging. The Kudo classification of pit patterns was most frequently used, with pooled SE 83%, SP 83%, and NPV 95%. The endoscopic criteria with the highest accuracy, with minimum SE ⩾ 90%, SP ⩾ 80%, and NPV ⩾ 90% were: the Kudo-IBD classification used with VCE (Fuji Intelligent Color Enhancement and i-SCAN); combined irregular surface and vascular patterns used with narrow band imaging; the Mainz classification used with CLE. Multiple clinical and technical factors were found to influence the accuracy of optical diagnosis in IBD.
CONCLUSION
No single endoscopic factor has yet shown sufficient accuracy for lesion characterization in IBD surveillance. Conventional classifications developed in the non-IBD setting have lower accuracy in IBD. The use of new classifications adapted for IBD (Kudo-IBD), and new technologies based on microscopic analysis show promise.
PubMed: 37954537
DOI: 10.1177/17562848231208667 -
Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery May 2023This review aims to explore and summarise current knowledge of indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence application in metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) and assess its... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
This review aims to explore and summarise current knowledge of indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence application in metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) and assess its potential in improving patient safety.
METHODS
The review was prepared according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations. Evidence from PubMed, ScienceDirect and Ovid MEDLINE databases was independently screened in October 2022. The primary information and outcomes were the type of fluorescence application with potential patient benefit and the complication rate. The secondary outcomes consisted of the kind of dye, the application protocol, and the equipment used.
RESULTS
Thirteen publications were included, with six prospective observational studies, five case reports and two retrospective cohort studies and involved a total of 424 patients. The publications were categorized into four groups based on the method of fluorescence application. Sixty-six percent of the cases used fluorescence for LSG, 32.3% used it for RYGB, 1.2% for revisional surgery, 0.2% during removal of an adjustable gastric band, and 0.2% for LSG combined with Rossetti fundoplication. ICG was used on its own in the majority of studies, although in one case, it was used in combination with methylene blue. ICG administration protocols varied significantly. Complications occurred in three patients (0.71%): leaks were diagnosed in two cases, and one patient required a blood transfusion.
CONCLUSION
The most popular type of use is intraoperative assessment of the blood supply. ICG application may reduce the risk of complications, with potential benefits in detecting ischemia and leaks, searching for bleeding in areas inaccessible to endoscopy, and non-invasive hepatopathy evaluation.
Topics: Humans; Retrospective Studies; Bariatric Surgery; Indocyanine Green; Prospective Studies; Observational Studies as Topic
PubMed: 37249703
DOI: 10.1007/s00423-023-02955-9 -
Nutrition and Health Mar 2024Curcumin is a polyphenol derived from the L (turmeric) plant and has gained attention through its perceived anti-inflammatory characteristics. The potential... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Curcumin is a polyphenol derived from the L (turmeric) plant and has gained attention through its perceived anti-inflammatory characteristics. The potential interaction with exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) and delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) has led to investigation of curcumin as a post-exercise strategy that may have the potential to lessen acute reductions in functional strength (FS) following physical activity. The purpose of this review is to assess the evidence examining curcumin in relation to four outcome measures: FS, EIMD, DOMS and inflammation. A Medline, SPORTDiscus and CINAHL database search was undertaken with no publication date limit. Sixteen papers met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. Three meta-analyses were completed for EIMD, DOMS and inflammation, respectively, with FS being excluded due to limited research. Effect sizes were as follows: EIMD (0.15, -0.12, -0.04, -0.2 and -0.61 corresponding to 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h post-exercise, respectively), DOMS (-0.64, -0.33, 0.06, -0.53 and -1.16 corresponding to 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h post-exercise, respectively) and inflammation (-0.10, 0.26, 0.15 and 0.26 corresponding to 0, 24, 48 and 72 h post-exercise, respectively). A 96 h post-exercise inflammation meta-analysis was not conducted due to limited data. No effect sizes were statistically significant for EIMD ( = 0.644, 0.739, 0.893, 0.601 and 0.134), DOMS ( = 0.054, 0.092, 0.908, 0.119 and 0.074) and inflammation ( = 0.729, 0.603, 0.611 and 0.396). Further research is needed to thoroughly examine whether an effect exists.
Topics: Humans; Curcumin; Dietary Supplements; Myalgia; Inflammation; Muscles; Muscle, Skeletal
PubMed: 37408367
DOI: 10.1177/02601060231186439 -
Indian Journal of Pharmacology 2019Suicide is a public health problem, and the number of paraphenylenediamine (PPD)-containing hair dye poisoning with suicidal intentions is increasing in developing... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Suicide is a public health problem, and the number of paraphenylenediamine (PPD)-containing hair dye poisoning with suicidal intentions is increasing in developing countries. In order to better understand this situation, we aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the prevalence and complications associated with hair dye poisoning in developing countries.
METHODS
We conducted a systematic review of epidemiological studies using MeSh terms and text keywords to identify studies from the inception to March 2016 about hair dye poisoning with suicidal intentions in developing countries. A meta-analysis was used to calculate the pooled prevalence proportion of hair dye poisoning and its major complications. Data extraction, data analysis, and risk of bias assessment were performed.
RESULTS
Thirty-two studies were included in the systematic review and 29 of these studies containing 5,559 subjects covering six countries were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence proportion of hair dye poisoning with suicidal intentions was 93.5% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 91.6-95.4) with a mortality rate of 14.5% (95% CI = 11.1-17.9). Of these, 73.8% were female, and 26.2% were male (sex ratio: 2.7:1). The occurrence of angioneurotic edema in hair poisoning patients was 67.1% (95% CI = 56.6-77.6), and tracheostomy intervention was considered in 47.9% (95% CI = 22.7-73.2) patients with respiratory distress. Acute renal failure was noticed in 54.7% (95% CI = 34.5-74.9) of the pooled samples and mortality rates were 14.5% (95% CI = 11.1-17.9). The pooled rate of the population studied from Asia and Africa showed 94.6% (95% CI = 92.5-96.7) and 82.9% (95% CI = 70.6-95.3), respectively, ingested hair dye with suicidal intentions. Further, studies carried out in Africa showed slightly higher mortality of 15.1% (95% CI = 6.56-23.7) than the Asians 14.3% (95% CI = 10.5-18.1).
CONCLUSION
This meta-analysis provided clear evidence of the prevalence of hair dye poisoning among individuals with suicidal intentions and had given robust evidence for policy making to curtail emerging PPD-containing hair dye poisoning in developing countries.
Topics: Developing Countries; Female; Hair Dyes; Humans; Male; Phenylenediamines; Prevalence; Suicide, Attempted
PubMed: 31831919
DOI: 10.4103/ijp.IJP_246_17 -
Indian Journal of Dental Research :... 2020To systematically review the association between black stains and early childhood caries. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To systematically review the association between black stains and early childhood caries.
METHODS
Seven electronic databases and hand search were carried out using keywords on black stains and early childhood caries. Articles published in English from January 1947 to January 2020 were included. A total of 38,686 articles were retrieved, and 38,645 duplicate and irrelevant records were removed. Among the 41 articles obtained, 21 articles were excluded after screening the title and abstracts. Fifteen articles were excluded after analyzing the full text. Finally, five articles with cross-sectional study designs were included in this review. Quality analysis was carried out using a modified Newcastle-Ottawa scale.
RESULTS
All the five articles included in this review had a low risk of bias. Two articles showed a significant negative association and one article showed a significant positive association between black stains and early childhood caries.
CONCLUSION
Cross-sectional design and heterogeneity of the included articles provide an ambiguous opinion on the association between black stains and early childhood caries. More of longitudinal studies following rigid methodology is needed to establish the association between black stains and early childhood caries.
Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Coloring Agents; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dental Caries; Dental Caries Susceptibility; Humans
PubMed: 33753668
DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.IJDR_327_20 -
Human & Experimental Toxicology 2023This systematic review, conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines, focuses on genotoxicity of oxidative hair dye precursors. The search for original papers published...
This systematic review, conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines, focuses on genotoxicity of oxidative hair dye precursors. The search for original papers published from 2000 to 2021 was performed in Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane registry, Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety of the European Commission and German MAK Commission opinions. Nine publications on genotoxicity of -phenylenediamine (PPD) and toluene-2,5-diamine (-toluylenediamine; PTD) were included, reporting results of 17 assays covering main genotoxicity endpoints. PPD and PTD were positive in bacterial mutation assay, and PPD tested positive also for somatic cell mutations in the Rodent assay . Clastogenicity of PPD and PTD was revealed by chromosomal aberration assay. The alkaline comet assay showed DNA damage after PPD exposure, which was not confirmed where PTD exhibited positive results. PPD induced micronucleus formation , and increased micronucleus frequencies in mice erythrocytes following high dose oral exposure . Based on the results of a limited number of data from the classical genotoxicity assay battery, this systematic review indicates genotoxic potential of hair dye precursors PPD and PTD, which may present an important health concern for consumers and in particular for professional hairdressers.
Topics: Animals; Mice; Hair Dyes; DNA Damage; Comet Assay; Mutation; Oxidative Stress
PubMed: 36879522
DOI: 10.1177/09603271231159803 -
Polymers May 2023In recent decades, hydrogels, as adsorption materials, have received important attention due to their characteristics and properties, such as mechanical strength,... (Review)
Review
In recent decades, hydrogels, as adsorption materials, have received important attention due to their characteristics and properties, such as mechanical strength, biocompatibility, biodegradability, swellability, and stimuli sensitivity. In the actual framework of sustainable development, it has been imperative to develop practical studies of hydrogels in the treatment of actual industrial effluents. Accordingly, the current work has, as its objective, to make evident hydrogels' applicability in the treatment of actual industrial effluents. For this purpose, a bibliometric analysis and systematic review based on the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) method were conducted. The relevant articles were selected from the Scopus and Web of Science databases. Some important findings were that: (1) China is the leading country when it comes to hydrogel application in actual industrial effluents, (2) the motor studies are focalized on the treatment of wastewater by hydrogels, (3) the fixed-bed columns are suitable unit equipment for the treatment of industrial effluents of using hydrogels, and (4) the hydrogels show excellent adsorption capacities of ion and dye contaminants present in industrial effluents. In summary, since the implementation of sustainable development in 2015, the progress of practical hydrogel applications in the treatment of industrial effluent has been receiving more attention, and the selected studies demonstrate the implementation viability of these materials.
PubMed: 37299216
DOI: 10.3390/polym15112417 -
Complementary Therapies in Medicine Dec 2021The aim of this study was to critically appraise and evaluate effects of low- and high-dose curcuminoids on pain and functional improvement in patients with knee... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to critically appraise and evaluate effects of low- and high-dose curcuminoids on pain and functional improvement in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) and to compare adverse events (AEs) between curcuminoids and non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
METHODS
We systematically reviewed all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on curcuminoids in knee osteoarthritis from the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, AMED, Cinahl, ISI Web of Science, Chinese medical database, and Indian Scientific databases from inception to June 21, 2021.
RESULTS
We included eleven studies with a total of 1258 participants with primary knee OA. The meta-analysis results showed that curcuminoids were significantly more effective than comparators regarding visual analogue scale (VAS) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) pain scores. However, no significant difference in pain relief or AEs between the high-dose (daily dose ≥1000 mg or total dose ≥42 gm) and low-dose (daily dose <1000 mg or total dose <42 gm) curcuminoid treatments was observed. When comparing curcumininoids versus NSAIDs, a significant difference in VAS pain was found. For AE analysis, three of our included studies used NSAIDs as comparators, with all reporting higher AE rates in the NSAID group, though significance was reached in only one study.
CONCLUSIONS
The results of our meta-analysis suggest that low- and high-dose curcuminoids have similar pain relief effects and AEs in knee OA. Curcuminoids are also associated with better pain relief than NSAIDs; therefore, using curcuminoids as an adjunctive treatment in knee OA is recommended.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Curcumin; Humans; Knee Joint; Osteoarthritis, Knee; Pain Measurement; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 34537344
DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2021.102775