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Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral... Jun 2023Temporomandibular joint ankylosis is a disabling condition which affects joint movements causing difficulty in speech, mastication and hygiene. Over time various... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Temporomandibular joint ankylosis is a disabling condition which affects joint movements causing difficulty in speech, mastication and hygiene. Over time various interposition materials like meniscus, muscle, fascia, skin, cartilage, fat, dura and alloplastic materials have been used for the treatment of ankylosis and improve joint functions.
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this systematic review is to evaluate the effectiveness of dermis fat graft and temporalis myofascial flap as an interpositional material in treatment of temporomandibular joint ankylosis and to compare the effectiveness of the two materials.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
PubMed, Google scholar, and Cochrane library search in combination with hand search of relevant journals were conducted published in English from January 2000 to August 2021. Randomized controlled trials, prospective and retrospective cohort studies were included. Outcome measure included improvement in mouth opening. Risk of bias assessment was assessed using Cochrane risk of bias tool and Newcastle-Ottawa scale.
RESULTS
A total of 144 articles were found from the primary search which on thorough assessment, duplicate and exclusion removal resulted in 9 cohort studies and 1 randomized controlled trial that fulfilled the inclusion criteria. All the studies included reported significant improvement in mouth opening after interposition of the 2 materials. Four studies compared temporalis myofascial flap with dermis fat graft, 2 studies reported dermis fat graft gives better outcomes, whereas 1 study reported temporalis myofascial flap to be better and 1 study has been inconclusive.
CONCLUSION
Definitive conclusions cannot be drawn as there are number of limitations in the studies included. However a general consensus has been toward dermis fat graft owing to fewer complications.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12663-023-01869-9.
PubMed: 37122786
DOI: 10.1007/s12663-023-01869-9 -
The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging May 2024Masticatory function is associated with a variety of health outcomes. The aim of this systematic review is to clarify the predictive value of masticatory function for... (Review)
Review
Masticatory function is associated with a variety of health outcomes. The aim of this systematic review is to clarify the predictive value of masticatory function for adverse health outcomes, such as frailty, sarcopenia and malnutrition, in older adults. An online literature search covered articles published in English or Dutch in three databases (PubMed, Embase and CINAHL, last searched November 4th 2022). Inclusion criteria were: an observational study design, focus on adults aged ≥65 years and evaluation of the association between masticatory function and health outcomes. Reviews and articles published before the year 2000 were excluded. Methodological quality and risk of bias were assessed using the Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies of the U.S. National Institutes of Health. Study population demographics, methods for assessing masticatory function, and the association between masticatory function and adverse health outcomes were extracted. From the 34 included studies, 5 studies had a prospective design, 2 had a retrospective design, and the other 27 studies had cross-sectional design. The majority of the studies were conducted in Japan (74%, n = 26). Twenty studies (59%) used one indicator for masticatory function, the other 41% used two (n = 9) or more (n = 5) indicators. Masticatory function was most frequently assessed with the maximum occlusal force (MOF) (79%, n = 27). The identified health outcomes were clustered into 6 categories: physical parameters and sarcopenia, history of falling, nutritional status, frailty, cognitive function and mortality. Despite the complex and multidimensional character of both masticatory function and most identified adverse health outcomes, some significant associations were reported. Prospective studies showed that reduced masticatory function in older adults is associated with incidence of frailty and frailty progression, cognitive decline and all-cause mortality. Regarding the other identified adverse health outcomes, i.e., physical measures and sarcopenia, history of falling and nutritional status, only cross-sectional studies were available and results were less concordant. As all prospective studies showed that reduced masticatory function in older adults is associated with adverse health outcomes, prevention of decline of masticatory function by adequate oral care may contribute to healthy ageing.
Topics: Humans; Mastication; Aged; Frailty; Sarcopenia; Malnutrition; Aged, 80 and over; Geriatric Assessment; Female; Male; Predictive Value of Tests; Cross-Sectional Studies; Nutritional Status
PubMed: 38489994
DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100210 -
Annals of Palliative Medicine Mar 2021Dentition defect is a common symptom in clinical dental patients. This study compared the clinical effects of denture restoration and dental implant restoration in the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Dentition defect is a common symptom in clinical dental patients. This study compared the clinical effects of denture restoration and dental implant restoration in the treatment of dentition defects through meta-analysis.
METHODS
Data retrieval was conducted through the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI, and Wanfang databases. A total of 479 related literatures published in English or Chinese from 2013 to 2020 were included. Literature screening, data extraction and comprehensive evaluation, and analysis by meta-analysis was performed by 3 authors.
RESULTS
A total of 17 studies and 1,459 patients were included. Among the 17 studies, the effective rate of treatment between the two groups was compared and the experimental group rate was significantly higher than that of the control group [odds ratio (OR) =6.149, 95% confidence interval (CI): 4.103-9.215, P<0.001]; the mastication function score was compared, and was higher in the experimental group than in the control group [standardized mean difference (SMD) =1.632, 95% CI: 1.039-2.224, P<0.001]; the retention function score was compared, and was higher in the experimental group than in the control group (SMD =1.775, 95% CI: 1.095-2.455), P<0.001); the aesthetics score was also compared, and was higher in the experimental group than in the control group (SMD =1.300, 95% CI: 0.499-2.100, P=0.001). Among 17 studies, 15 compared the comfort score, which was higher in the experimental group than in the control group (SMD =1.357, 95% CI: 0.455-2.258, P=0.003).
CONCLUSIONS
Compared with denture restoration, dental implant restoration is more effective in the treatment of dentition defect with a higher comprehensive score of functional restoration.
Topics: Dental Implants; Dentition; Dentures; Humans
PubMed: 33849111
DOI: 10.21037/apm-21-421 -
Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences Jun 2021The aim of the systematic review was to assess the influence of dental prostheses on cognitive functioning in elderly population.
AIM
The aim of the systematic review was to assess the influence of dental prostheses on cognitive functioning in elderly population.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. The initial electronic search was conducted using the following search databases: MEDLINE (PubMed), Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and EMBASE. The search was limited to English language using the search items/keywords: "dental prostheses and cognitive functioning," "dental prostheses and brain function," "Tooth loss and cognitive loss," "mastication and prefrontal activity," and "prostheses on mental state." The search strategy was followed using the PICOS framework.
RESULTS
A total of 19 studies were selected according to the selection criteria. Out of 19 studies, 15 studies were included and 4 studies were excluded from the review.
CONCLUSION
With the available evidence in the literature, it can be concluded that dental prostheses have a very significant role in preventing the cognitive impairment and act as a protective factor in enhancing the cognitive function in patients with dementia-related diseases and neurodegenerative diseases.
PubMed: 34447202
DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.JPBS_773_20 -
European Journal of Pediatrics May 2022Patients who undergo salivary gland, neck, or facelift surgery or suffer from diabetes mellitus often develop Frey syndrome (also known as auriculotemporal syndrome or...
Patients who undergo salivary gland, neck, or facelift surgery or suffer from diabetes mellitus often develop Frey syndrome (also known as auriculotemporal syndrome or gustatory sweating). Frey syndrome has been occasionally reported to occur in subjects without history of surgery or diabetes but this variant of Frey syndrome has not been systematically investigated. We searched for original articles of Frey syndrome unrelated to surgery or diabetes without date and language restriction. Article selection and data extraction were performed in duplicate. Our systematic review included 76 reports describing 121 individual cases (67 males and 54 females) of Frey syndrome not associated with surgery or diabetes. The age at onset of symptoms was ≤ 18 years in 113 (93%) cases. The time to diagnosis was 12 months or more in 55 (45%) cases. On the other hand, an allergy evaluation was performed in half of the cases. A possible cause for Frey syndrome was detected in 85 (70%) cases, most frequently history of forceps birth (N = 63; 52%). The majority of the remaining 22 cases occurred after a blunt face trauma, following an auriculotemporal nerve neuritis or in association with a neurocutaneous syndrome. The cause underlying Frey syndrome was unknown in 36 cases. Conclusion: Frey syndrome not associated with surgery or diabetes almost exclusively affects subjects in pediatric age and is uncommon and underrecognized. Most cases occur after forceps birth. There is a need to expand awareness of this pseudo-allergic reaction among pediatricians and allergists. What is Known: • Pre-auricular reddening, sweating, and warmth in response to mastication or a salivary stimulus characterize Frey syndrome. • It usually occurs after salivary gland surgery and in diabetes. What is New: • In children, Frey syndrome is rare, and most cases occur after a forceps-assisted birth. • In childhood, this condition is often erroneously attributed to food allergy.
Topics: Child; Diabetes Mellitus; Female; Food Hypersensitivity; Humans; Male; Neck; Sweating, Gustatory
PubMed: 35182195
DOI: 10.1007/s00431-022-04415-w -
PloS One 2022Khat is a flowering plant with stimulant effect on the nervous system and produce psychological dependence. Despite its harmful effects, the ingestion of khat has been...
INTRODUCTION
Khat is a flowering plant with stimulant effect on the nervous system and produce psychological dependence. Despite its harmful effects, the ingestion of khat has been part of cultural norms and the legality of khat varies by region.
OBJECTIVE
This systematic review aimed at critically evaluating the available evidence on the risk factors of khat chewing among adolescents.
METHODS
A systematic review was conducted on published research studies from five databases Scopus, PubMed, Science-direct, Ovid and google scholar using keywords khat chewing OR qat chewing AND associated factors OR risk factors OR contributing factors AND adolescents OR teenagers. Articles included were either cross-sectional, cohort, case-control or qualitative studies which were published between the year 1990 till present. Excluded articles were the non-English written articles, descriptive studies and irrelevant topics being studied.
RESULTS
Out of 2617 records identified and screened, six were included for the analysis and interpretation of the data. All included studies were cross-sectional study design. All six studies reported having family members who chewed khat significantly predict khat chewing among adolescents, followed by five articles for friends or peers who also chewed khat and four articles for male gender. Smoking was also found to have the highest odds (OR = 18.2; 95% CI: 12.95-25.72) for khat chewing among adolescents.
CONCLUSION
The review highlights the crucial role of family members, friends or peers and male gender to predict khat chewing among adolescents. Effectiveness of health promotion programs to educate and reduce khat chewing among adolescents will require active participation of family members and friends.
Topics: Adolescent; Africa; Catha; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Friends; Humans; Male; Mastication; Risk Factors; Students; Substance-Related Disorders
PubMed: 35113927
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263372 -
BMC Oral Health Mar 2024Clear aligner therapy has gained popularity as a minimally invasive orthodontic treatment option. However, its impact on the masticatory musculature and the...
Impact of clear aligner therapy on masticatory musculature and stomatognathic system: a systematic review conducted according to PRISMA guidelines and the Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions.
BACKGROUND
Clear aligner therapy has gained popularity as a minimally invasive orthodontic treatment option. However, its impact on the masticatory musculature and the stomatognathic system is an area of growing interest, as it involves the adjustment of occlusion and tooth movement. This systematic review aims to comprehensively assess and synthesise existing evidence regarding the influence of clear aligner therapy on the masticatory musculature and the stomatognathic system.
METHODS
An exhaustive search was performed on electronic databases that adhered to PRISMA guidelines. Clinical studies that evaluated the impact of patients receiving aligner orthodontic treatment on the muscles of the mastication and stomatognathic systems were included. A standardised data extraction form was devised for relevant variables. Two reviewers extracted the data variables. ROB-2 was used for bias evaluation in the selected studies.
RESULTS
A total of six studies met the inclusion criteria. The wearing of clear aligners significantly impacted the muscles of mastication. Muscle activity and discomfort showed a significant alteration in the initial days of appliance placement. but this observation was temporary, with no significant changes thereafter in subsequent follow-up. Bite force reduction was also noted. All the studies evaluated showed good methodological quality.
CONCLUSION
The review found that aligned orthodontic treatment may have a variable impact on muscles of mastication, with a potential for initial exacerbation of symptoms followed by possible improvement. However, due to the limited number of studies and their heterogeneous nature, further robust research is recommended to fully understand the relationship between aligned orthodontic treatment and masticatory muscles.
Topics: Humans; Masticatory Muscles; Stomatognathic System; Dental Occlusion; Bite Force; Orthodontic Appliances, Removable
PubMed: 38504207
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04029-8 -
Journal of Texture Studies Jun 2021Xersotomia is associated with food avoidance and low nutritional assessment. This review seeks to document whether products called "saliva substitutes" or "artificial...
Xersotomia is associated with food avoidance and low nutritional assessment. This review seeks to document whether products called "saliva substitutes" or "artificial saliva" can really replace saliva in food oral processing. Pubmed and Science Direct were searched for articles using the keywords "saliva substitutes" and "artificial saliva." An advanced search was applied using the terms "xerostomia" and/or "food oral processing" and/or "eating" and/or "mastication" and/or "chewing" and/or "swallowing." The analysis methods and the inclusion criteria were documented in a protocol published in the International prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO with the registration number CRD42019124585). The search included 43 articles, published between 1979 and 2017. Among the included studies, 17 were observational studies, 5 were pilot studies, 21 were crossover studies, and 14 of these studies were blinded. The Strobe score for the included articles varied from 7.5 to 20. The possible effects of the use of saliva substitutes on the ingestion function were poorly investigated. No evidence was based on physiological studies. It is unknown whether using a saliva substitute has an effect on the composition and rheological properties of the food bolus, on the lubrication of the oral and laryngeal mucosa or on both phenomena. Moreover, saliva substitutes were not formulated to improve food oral processing and most of them are flavored. New saliva substitutes and artificial saliva should be designed and formulated to improve food oral processing.
Topics: Humans; Lubrication; Saliva; Saliva, Artificial; Xerostomia
PubMed: 33587294
DOI: 10.1111/jtxs.12591 -
International Dental Journal Oct 2019A relationship between masticatory function and cognition has been reported. It is proposed that mastication changes the blood flow stimulating the perfusion/oxygenation...
INTRODUCTION
A relationship between masticatory function and cognition has been reported. It is proposed that mastication changes the blood flow stimulating the perfusion/oxygenation of the brain. This literature review analysed the relation between mastication as a protective factor of the cognitive decline and the changes produced at brain level in adults associated with the brain blood flow.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A systematic review was performed according to the 'Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses' (PRISMA) criteria in PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus and Embase. Primary studies were included with no limit on the publication date, conducted on humans, and that established a relation between mastication, brain blood flow and cognitive functions in adult patients.
RESULTS
Nine clinical descriptive studies were selected and qualitatively analysed. The collected data suggest the greatest brain areas activated during mastication were the frontotemporal cortex, the caudate nucleus and the thalamus, revealing a positive correlation between chewing intensity and perfusion of the principal trigeminal nucleus. The increase in cerebral blood flow was measured by a local vasodilator effect resulting in increased neuronal metabolism in the region linked to learning and memory. In addition, partially edentulous participants had a marked prefrontal deactivation when they chewed without a prosthesis and presented a decrease in masticatory activity.
CONCLUSION
Masticatory function may act as a protective factor in those patients with cognition impairment and neurodegenerative diseases, suggesting some mechanisms among which is the increase of cerebral blood flow.
Topics: Adult; Cognition; Cognitive Dysfunction; Humans; Learning; Mastication; Protective Factors
PubMed: 31140598
DOI: 10.1111/idj.12486 -
CoDAS 2022To review the effects of low-level laser photobiomodulation on masticatory function and mandibular movements in adults with temporomandibular disorder. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Effects of low-level laser photobiomodulation on the masticatory function and mandibular movements in adults with temporomandibular disorder: a systematic review with meta-analysis.
PURPOSE
To review the effects of low-level laser photobiomodulation on masticatory function and mandibular movements in adults with temporomandibular disorder.
RESEARCH STRATEGIES
Search in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane, LILACS, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, using the following descriptors: "temporomandibular joint disorders", "low-level light therapy", "low-level laser therapy", "mastication", and "mandible".
SELECTION CRITERIA
Randomized clinical trials in adults with temporomandibular disorder, using low-level laser and assessing the mastication and mandibular movements.
DATA ANALYSIS
Firstly, the titles and abstracts of all retrieved studies were read. Then, only the studies selected in the first stage were read in full and assessed regarding eligibility. After the selection, the characteristics, methodological quality, and quality of evidence of the studies included in the review were analyzed. In the meta-analysis, the mean amplitude of mouth opening was considered as a measure of intervention effect.
RESULTS
The 10 articles included in the review had quite different results one from the other, especially regarding the amplitude of mouth opening, while the mastication was assessed in only one of them. Most studies had a high risk of bias, demonstrating a low methodological quality. Significantly higher results for photobiomodulation were identified in the six studies included in the meta-analysis.
CONCLUSION
Due to the scarcity in the literature, there is not enough evidence of the effects of low-level laser photobiomodulation on mastication. As for the mandibular movements, this intervention presented significant results, particularly in the amplitude of mouth opening.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Lasers; Low-Level Light Therapy; Mandible; Mastication; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
PubMed: 35107512
DOI: 10.1590/2317-1782/20212021138