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Acta Ophthalmologica Feb 2020Performing bioinformatics analyses using trabecular meshwork (TM) gene expression data in order to further elucidate the molecular pathogenesis of primary open-angle...
PURPOSE
Performing bioinformatics analyses using trabecular meshwork (TM) gene expression data in order to further elucidate the molecular pathogenesis of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), and to identify candidate target genes.
METHODS
A systematic search in Gene Expression Omnibus and ArrayExpress was conducted, and quality control and preprocessing of the data was performed with ArrayAnalysis.org. Molecular pathway overrepresentation analysis was performed with PathVisio using pathway content from three pathway databases: WikiPathways, KEGG and Reactome. In addition, Gene Ontology (GO) analysis was performed on the gene expression data. The significantly changed pathways were clustered into functional categories which were combined into a network of connected genes.
RESULTS
Ninety-two significantly changed pathways were clustered into five functional categories: extracellular matrix (ECM), inflammation, complement activation, senescence and Rho GTPase signalling. ECM included pathways involved in collagen, actin and cell-matrix interactions. Inflammation included pathways entailing NF-κB and arachidonic acid. The network analysis showed that several genes overlap between the inflammation cluster on the one hand, and the ECM, complement activation and senescence clusters on the other hand. GO analysis, identified additional clusters, related to development and corticosteroids.
CONCLUSION
This study provides an overview of the processes involved in the molecular pathogenesis of POAG in the TM. The results show good face validity and confirm findings from histological, biochemical, genome-wide association and transcriptomics studies. The identification of known points of action for drugs, such as Rho GTPase, arachidonic acid, NF-κB, prostaglandins and corticosteroid clusters, supports the value of this approach to identify potential drug targets.
Topics: Actins; Collagen; Computational Biology; DNA; Extracellular Matrix; Gene Expression Regulation; Genome-Wide Association Study; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Humans; Trabecular Meshwork
PubMed: 31197946
DOI: 10.1111/aos.14154 -
Acta Medica Indonesiana Oct 2021This study aimed to summarize the prognosis of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with elevated troponin and N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide...
BACKGROUND
This study aimed to summarize the prognosis of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with elevated troponin and N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels and demonstrate the involvement of myocardial injury as a complication in COVID-19.
METHODS
A systematic literature search was performed using several databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, PROQUEST and SCOPUS ) for studies published up to August 2020. Observational studies about the mortality outcome of COVID-19 patients who experienced cardiac injury, as defined by the elevation of serum levels of troponin, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), with NT-proBNP or only BNP or only NT-proBNP, were included. In addition, a critical appraisal was conducted for all included studies using the Critical Appraisal for Prognostic Studies checklist published by the Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine by the University of Oxford.
RESULTS
Seven retrospective observational studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. This study found that there is a higher risk of death in COVID 19 patients with higher levels of troponin and NT-proBNP, indicating the importance of these biomarkers as determinant factors to predict in-hospital deaths.
CONCLUSION
Based on the analysis, elevation of troponin and NT-proBNP levels plays an essential role in determining the patient prognosis because it is shown to be associated with in-hospital mortality. This also supports the involvement of myocardial injury as a prominent fatal complication in COVID-19.
Topics: Biomarkers; COVID-19; Humans; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; Observational Studies as Topic; Peptide Fragments; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies; SARS-CoV-2; Troponin
PubMed: 35027485
DOI: No ID Found -
The American Journal of Cardiology Nov 2020Since the emergence of the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), a number of studies have reported the presence of cardiovascular diseases in affected patients and linked... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Meta-Analysis
Since the emergence of the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), a number of studies have reported the presence of cardiovascular diseases in affected patients and linked them with a higher risk of mortality. We conducted an online search in Medline/PubMed to identify original cohorts comparing data between survivors and non-survivors from COVID-19. The presence of cardiovascular events and related biomarkers were compared between the 2 groups. Data on 1,845 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were pooled from 12 comparative studies. The overall mortality rate in relation to COVID-19 was 17.6%. Men aged > 50 years old were more likely to die from COVID-19. Significant co-morbidities contributing to mortality were hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, a previous history of cardiovascular disease including chronic heart failure, and cerebrovascular accidents. A significant relationship was observed between mortality and patient presentation with dyspnea, fatigue, tachycardia, and hypoxemia. Cardiovascular disease-related laboratory biomarkers related to mortality were elevated serum level of lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, brain natriuretic peptide, and cardiac troponin I. Adverse cardiovascular disease-related clinical events preceding death were shock, arrhythmias, and acute myocardial injury. In conclusion, severe clinical presentation and elevated biomarkers in COVID-19 patients with established risk factors can predict mortality from cardiovascular causes.
Topics: Age Factors; Aged; Biomarkers; COVID-19; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; China; Comorbidity; Coronavirus Infections; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pandemics; Pneumonia, Viral; Sex Factors; Survival Analysis; Survivors; Troponin I
PubMed: 32916148
DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2020.08.044 -
PeerJ 2023High-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) is associated with cardiovascular outcomes in the general population, but the prognostic value of hs-cTn in the diabetic... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
High-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) is associated with cardiovascular outcomes in the general population, but the prognostic value of hs-cTn in the diabetic population remains inconclusive. This study aimed to systematically review current evidence regarding the association between hs-cTn and the prognosis of diabetic patients.
METHODS
MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Database were searched from inception to May, 2023. Observational studies that investigated the prognostic value of hs-cTn in diabetic patients were included in this meta-analysis. Studies were excluded if they did not report outcomes of interest, or urine hs-cTn were measured. Two independent investigators extracted and analyzed the data according to the PRISMA guidelines. The primary outcome was long-term major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).
RESULTS
We included 30 cohort studies of 62,419 diabetic patients. After a median follow-up of 5 (4.1-9.5) years, the pooled results suggested elevation of hs-cTn was associated with a significantly increased risk of MACE (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) per standard deviation (SD) change 1.15, 95% CI [1.06-1.25], I = 0%) and heart failure (adjusted HR per SD change 1.33, 95% CI [1.08-1.63], I = 0%) in patients with diabetes. No significant association was found regarding the association between elevation of hs-cTn and risk of all-cause mortality (adjusted HR per SD change 1.24, 95% CI [0.98-1.57], I = 0%). The results of sensitivity analyses were similar in prospective cohort studies, high-quality studies, or population without major cardiovascular comorbidities at baseline. hs-cTn may represent a strong and independent predictor of MACE and heart failure in diabetic patients. Future research is warranted to determine the appropriate cutoff value for hs-cTn with different comorbidities, for instance, diabetic nephropathy, peripheral artery diseases, etc.
Topics: Humans; Prognosis; Prospective Studies; Heart Failure; Troponin; Diabetes Mellitus; Observational Studies as Topic
PubMed: 38025710
DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16376 -
BMC Cardiovascular Disorders Oct 2020This meta-analysis aimed to compare the effects of prasugrel and ticagrelor on high (HTPR) and low on-treatment platelet reactivity (LTPR) in patients with acute... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
This meta-analysis aimed to compare the effects of prasugrel and ticagrelor on high (HTPR) and low on-treatment platelet reactivity (LTPR) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).
METHODS
Eligible studies were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. HTPR and LTPR were evaluated on the basis of the vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein platelet reactivity index (VASP-PRI) and P2Y12 reaction units (PRUs). HTPR and LTPR were analyzed using risk ratios (RRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% CI were used to calculate the pooled effect size of platelet reactivity (PR).
RESULTS
Fourteen eligible studies were obtained, which included 2629 patients treated with ticagrelor (n = 1340) and prasugrel (n = 1289). The pooled results showed that the prasugrel-treated patients had higher platelet reactivity than the ticagrelor-treated patients (PRU: WMD = - 32.26; 95% CI: - 56.48 to - 8.76; P < 0.01; VASP-PRI: WMD = - 9.61; 95% CI: - 14.63 to - 4.60; P = 0.002). No significant difference in HTPR based on PRU was identified between the ticagrelor and prasugrel groups (P = 0.71), whereas a lower HTPR based on VASP-PRI was found in the ticagrelor-treated patients than in the prasugrel-treated patients (RR = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.12-0.75; P = 0.010). In addition, the results showed a lower LTPR was observed in the prasugrel group than in the ticagrelor group (RR = 1.40; 95% CI: 1.08-1.81; P = 0.01).
CONCLUSIONS
Prasugrel might enable higher platelet reactivity than ticagrelor. Ticagrelor could lead to a decrease in HTPR and increase in LTPR. However, this result was only obtained in pooled observational studies. Several uncertainties such as the nondeterminancy of the effectiveness of ticagrelor estimated using VASP-PRI or the definition of HTPR (a high or modifiable risk factor) might have affected our results.
Topics: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Aged; Blood Platelets; Cell Adhesion Molecules; Female; Humans; Male; Microfilament Proteins; Middle Aged; Phosphoproteins; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Platelet Function Tests; Prasugrel Hydrochloride; Purinergic P2Y Receptor Antagonists; Receptors, Purinergic P2Y12; Ticagrelor; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 33004000
DOI: 10.1186/s12872-020-01603-0 -
Nutrients Jul 2020Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the preferred treatment for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) secondary to atherosclerotic coronary artery disease. This...
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the preferred treatment for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) secondary to atherosclerotic coronary artery disease. This nonsurgical procedure is also used for selective patients with stable angina. Although the procedure is essential for restoring blood flow, reperfusion can increase oxidative stress as a side effect. We address whether intravenous infusion of vitamin C (VC) prior to PCI provides a benefit for cardioprotection. A total of eight randomized controlled trials (RCT) reported in the literature were selected from 371 publications through systematic literature searches in six electronic databases. The data of VC effect on cardiac injury biomarkers and cardiac function were extracted from these trials adding up to a total of 1185 patients. VC administration reduced cardiac injury as measured by troponin and CK-MB elevations, along with increased antioxidant reservoir, reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreased inflammatory markers. Improvement of the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and telediastolic left ventricular volume (TLVV) showed a trend but inconclusive association with VC. Intravenous infusion of VC before PCI may serve as an effective method for cardioprotection against reperfusion injury.
Topics: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Biomarkers; Coronary Artery Disease; Creatine Kinase, MB Form; Databases, Factual; Heart; Humans; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Reactive Oxygen Species; Stroke Volume; Troponin; Ventricular Function, Left
PubMed: 32718091
DOI: 10.3390/nu12082199 -
Journal of Medical Virology Jan 2021
Meta-Analysis
Topics: COVID-19; Heart Diseases; Humans; Inpatients; Troponin
PubMed: 32484975
DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26108