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European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery... Oct 2023Extended trochanteric osteotomy (ETO) has proved to be an effective technique in complicated stem removal in femoral aseptic loosening or periprosthetic fracture. Debate... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Extended trochanteric osteotomy (ETO) has proved to be an effective technique in complicated stem removal in femoral aseptic loosening or periprosthetic fracture. Debate remains about its safety in periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). The primary aim of this study is to analyze the ETO reinfection and union rate in two-stage hip revision.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A systematic literature review was performed regarding all studies reporting ETO outcomes in the two-stage revision for hip PJI up to October 2022, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses criteria. A literature search was conducted in the following databases: MEDLINE/EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane. Quality assessment of the articles was performed using the Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies. This systematic review was registered in the International Prospective Registry of Systematic Reviews. Patient demographic, clinical, and surgical data were collected.
RESULTS
This systematic review included and analyzed nine clinical studies with a total of 382 ETO PJI hips in two-stage revision. The overall ETO reinfection rate was 8.9% (34 hips), consistent with the reinfection rate after two-stage revision in patients without ETO. The overall ETO union rate was 94.8% (347 hips), comparable to the ETO union rate in non-septic patients. Compared between a group of patients with ETO PJI and a group of patients with non-PJI ETO, there were no significant differences in postoperative complications, both septic and aseptic, and for postoperative HHS.
CONCLUSION
ETO proved to be a safe and effective procedure in PJI revisions. It may be a viable option in challenging femoral stem removal during the two-stage hip revision in PJI.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
IV.
Topics: Humans; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip; Reinfection; Retrospective Studies; Reoperation; Osteotomy; Arthritis, Infectious; Prosthesis-Related Infections
PubMed: 36849679
DOI: 10.1007/s00590-023-03497-y -
Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Surgery &... Dec 2020In young active patients with hip dysplasia, choosing between periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) and total hip arthroplasty (THA) is challenging. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
In young active patients with hip dysplasia, choosing between periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) and total hip arthroplasty (THA) is challenging.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We systematically searched Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library for studies published until October 10, 2019, comparing PAO and THA in patients with dysplastic hip. We compared postoperative complications' incidences, end-stage revisions, and clinical scores.
RESULTS
Five studies with 431 hips (PAO: 235; THA: 196) were included. The incidence of overall and major complications was not different between groups (PAO: OR 2.14; 95% CI, 0.58-7.96; p=0.26; follow-up, 4-7.8 years; THA: OR 2.56; 95% CI, 0.60-10.98; p=0.21; follow-up, 4-7.8 years). There was also no difference in end-stage revision (OR 0.95; 95% CI, 0.33-2.79; p=0.93; follow-up, 4-7.8 years). The standard mean of Western Ontario McMasters Universities (WOMAC) pain score was higher in the THA than in the PAO group (standardized mean difference [SMD] -0.57; 95% CI, -0.93--0.21; p=0.002; follow-up, 4-5.5 years); however, the WOMAC functional score did not differ significantly between groups (SMD -0.16; 95% CI, -1.29-0.97; p=0.78; follow-up, 4-5.5 years). The standard mean UCLA activity index was higher in the PAO than in the THA group (SMD 0.28; 95% CI, 0.02-0.53; p=0.03; follow-up, 5.9-7.3 years).
CONCLUSIONS
The incidence of postoperative complications and revision surgery was not different between THA and PAO groups. However, postoperative pain was less in the THA group and the activity score was higher in the PAO group in the follow-up periods.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
III; meta-analysis.
Topics: Acetabulum; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip; Hip Dislocation, Congenital; Hip Joint; Humans; Ontario; Osteotomy; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 33189660
DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2020.08.012 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine Oct 2021The purpose of present study was to review the literature regarding the postoperative skeletal stability in the treatment of mandibular prognathism after isolated... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
The purpose of present study was to review the literature regarding the postoperative skeletal stability in the treatment of mandibular prognathism after isolated sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO) or intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The articles were selected from 1980 to 2020 in the English published databases (PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane Library). The articles meeting the searching strategy were evaluated based on the eligibility criteria, especially at least 30 patients.
RESULTS
Based on the eligibility criteria, 9 articles (5 in SSRO and 4 in IVRO) were examined. The amounts of mandibular setback (B point, Pog, and Me) were ranged from 5.53-9.07 mm in SSRO and 6.7-12.4 mm in IVRO, respectively. In 1-year follow-up, SSRO showed the relapse (anterior displacement: 0.2 to 2.26 mm) By contrast, IVRO revealed the posterior drift (posterior displacement: 0.1 to 1.2 mm). In 2-year follow-up, both of SSRO and IVRO presented the relapse with a range from 0.9 to 1.63 mm and 1 to 1.3 mm respectively.
CONCLUSION
In 1-year follow-up, SSRO presented the relapse (anterior displacement) and IVRO posterior drift (posterior displacement). In 2-year follow-up, both of SSRO and IVRO showed the similar relapse distances.
PubMed: 34768470
DOI: 10.3390/jcm10214950 -
Advances in Orthopedics 2022The etiology of patellofemoral (PF) instability is multifactorial. Excessive external tibial torsion has been associated with recurrent patellar subluxation and...
INTRODUCTION
The etiology of patellofemoral (PF) instability is multifactorial. Excessive external tibial torsion has been associated with recurrent patellar subluxation and persistent anterior knee pain. Several surgical techniques have been historically used to correct this, including medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction, tibial tuberosity transfer (TTT), trochleoplasty, and tibial derotation osteotomy (TDO). The purpose of this systematic review is to investigate the safety and efficacy of TDO for PF instability and pain.
METHODS
A thorough search of the literature was conducted on July 15, 2022. Seven studies met the inclusion criteria for this systematic review.
RESULTS
Among the included studies, there were 179 total subjects and 204 operative knees. Mean follow-up time was 66.31 months (range 11-192). Complication rate was low (12.8%) in studies that reported complications. Average degree of anatomical correction in the transverse plane was 19.9 degrees with TDO. This increased to 34 degrees when combined with TTT. All PROMs assessed were significantly increased postoperatively ( < 0.05). Age greater than 25 years and advanced PF chondromalacia may negatively affect postoperative outcomes.
CONCLUSION
The primary findings of this review were as follows: (1) TDO results in significantly improved pain and PROM ratings in patients with PF pain and/or instability, (2) the likelihood of complication, including recurrent patella subluxation after TDO, is low but may be increased by aging, and (3) the successful anatomical correction of TDO may be augmented by concurrent TTT in some cases.
PubMed: 36620474
DOI: 10.1155/2022/8672113 -
Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine Dec 2023There has been recent debate regarding the optimal surgical management strategy for recurrent patellofemoral instability in the presence of an increased tibial... (Review)
Review
Does Tibial Tuberosity Osteotomy Improve Outcomes When Combined With Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction in the Presence of Increased Tibial Tuberosity-Trochlear Groove Distance? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
BACKGROUND
There has been recent debate regarding the optimal surgical management strategy for recurrent patellofemoral instability in the presence of an increased tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance. In particular, performing a combined tibial tuberosity osteotomy (TTO) and medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction (MPFLR) for patients with a TT-TG >20 mm has been questioned, with the hypothesis that an isolated MPFLR (iMPFLR) would be just as effective.
PURPOSE
To pool and compare outcomes after MPFLR+TTO versus iMPFLR in patients with a TT-TG >20 mm.
STUDY DESIGN
Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4.
METHODS
PubMed-MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central were searched, and a systematic review was performed. Included were studies that reported postoperative redislocation rates and/or functional outcome scores for patients with recurrent patellar instability and a TT-TG >20 mm who underwent either MPFLR+TTO or iMPFLR and had minimum 2-year follow-up data. Methodologic quality was assessed using the modified Coleman Methodology Score (mCMS). A proportional meta-analysis comparing redislocation, subjective instability, and total complication rates was performed, and mean postoperative functional outcome scores were pooled using a random-effects model with a restricted maximum likelihood estimator.
RESULTS
In total, 1548 studies were screened, from which 13 were included for analysis. Of the 386 included patients (406 knees), 276 underwent MPFLR+TTO and 110 underwent iMPFLR. The mean mCMS was 61.3 ± 10.5 (range, 48-77). The pooled postoperative redislocation rate was 1.22% (95% CI, 0.22%-7%), with no significant difference between the study groups ( = .9995). The pooled complication rate was 10.17% (95% CI, 6.2%-16.3%) with no difference between groups ( = .9275), although the MPFLR+TTO group had higher heterogeneity in complication rates ( = 79.4%) compared with iMPFLR ( = 0%). There was no group difference in the pooled postoperative Lysholm scores ( = .5177), but patients who underwent iMPFLR had significantly higher postoperative Kujala scores compared with those who underwent MPFLR+TTO ( = .0283).
CONCLUSION
Even in the presence of previously indicative anatomic factors (TT-TG >20 mm), TTO combined with MPFLR does not seem to confer additional benefit compared with iMPFLR. This finding could be advantageous in minimizing the burden of additional surgery with its associated risks. The study findings should, however, be interpreted with caution given the heterogeneity of the studies.
PubMed: 38107841
DOI: 10.1177/23259671231195905 -
Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Sep 2020Hallux valgus repair is associated with moderate-to-severe postoperative pain. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the available literature and develop... (Review)
Review
Hallux valgus repair is associated with moderate-to-severe postoperative pain. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the available literature and develop recommendations for optimal pain management after hallux valgus repair. A systematic review using PROcedure SPECific Postoperative Pain ManagemenT (PROSPECT) methodology was undertaken. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in the English language from inception of database to December 2019 assessing postoperative pain using analgesic, anesthetic, and surgical interventions were identified from MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Database, among others. Of the 836 RCTs identified, 55 RCTs and 1 systematic review met our inclusion criteria. Interventions that improved postoperative pain relief included paracetamol and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or cyclo-oxygenase-2 selective inhibitors, systemic steroids, ankle block, and local anesthetic wound infiltration. Insufficient evidence was found for the use of gabapentinoids or wound infiltration with extended release bupivacaine or dexamethasone. Conflicting evidence was found for percutaneous chevron osteotomy. No evidence was found for homeopathic preparation, continuous local anesthetic wound infusion, clonidine and fentanyl as sciatic perineural adjuncts, bioabsorbable magnesium screws, and plaster slippers. No studies of sciatic nerve block met the inclusion criteria for PROSPECT methodology due to a wider scope of included surgical procedures or the lack of a control (no block) group. The analgesic regimen for hallux valgus repair should include, in the absence of contraindication, paracetamol and a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug or cyclo-oxygenase-2 selective inhibitor administered preoperatively or intraoperatively and continued postoperatively, along with systemic steroids, and postoperative opioids for rescue analgesia.
Topics: Analgesia; Hallux Valgus; Humans; Nerve Block; Pain Management; Pain, Postoperative
PubMed: 32595141
DOI: 10.1136/rapm-2020-101479 -
Orthopaedic Surgery Feb 2023The purpose of this meta-analysis was to identify if patient-specific instrumentation (PSI) could increase the accuracy of the correction in high tibial osteotomy (HTO)... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
The purpose of this meta-analysis was to identify if patient-specific instrumentation (PSI) could increase the accuracy of the correction in high tibial osteotomy (HTO) and to explore the assessment indices and the necessity of using a PSI in HTO. A systematic search was carried out using online databases. A total of 466 patients were included in 11 papers that matched the inclusion criteria. To evaluate the accuracy of PSI-assisted HTO, the weight bearing line ratio (WBL%), hip-knee-ankle angle (HKA), mechanical medial proximal tibial angle (mMPTA), and posterior tibial slope angle (PTSA) were measured preoperatively and postoperatively and compared to the designed target values. Statistical analysis was performed after strict data extraction with Review Manager (version 5.4). Significant differences were detected in WBL% (MD = -36.41; 95% CI: -42.30 to -30.53; p < 0.00001), HKA (MD = -9.95; 95% CI: -11.65 to -8.25; p < 0.00001), and mMPTA (MD = -8.40; 95% CI:-10.27 to -6.53; p < 0.00001) but not in PTSA (MD = 0.34; 95% CI: -0.59 to 1.27; p = 0.47) between preoperative and postoperative measurements. There was no significant difference between the designed target values and the postoperative correction values of HKA (MD = 0.14; 95% CI: -0.19 to 0.47; p = 0.41) or mMPTA (MD = 0.11; 95% CI -0.34 to 0.55; p = 0.64). The data show that 3D-based planning of PSI for HTO is both accurate and safe. WBL%, HKA, and mMPTA were the optimal evaluation indicators of coronal plane correction. Sagittal correction is best evaluated by the PTSA. The present study reports that PSI is accurate but not necessary in typical HTO.
Topics: Humans; Knee Joint; Osteoarthritis, Knee; Osteotomy; Retrospective Studies; Tibia
PubMed: 36585795
DOI: 10.1111/os.13483 -
Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine Jun 2021The outcomes after high tibial osteotomy (HTO) with augmentation of intra-articular mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) for medial tibiofemoral osteoarthritis remain... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The outcomes after high tibial osteotomy (HTO) with augmentation of intra-articular mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) for medial tibiofemoral osteoarthritis remain controversial.
PURPOSE
To pool existing studies to compare the outcomes of HTO with versus without intra-articular MSC augmentation when performed for medial tibiofemoral osteoarthritis.
STUDY DESIGN
Systematic review; Level of evidence, 3.
METHODS
The systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Included were clinical studies that compared the outcomes of HTO with intra-articular MSC augmentation (MSC group) versus without (control group). Pre- and postoperative outcomes were compared between groups from measures including the Lysholm score, International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, Hospital for Special Surgery Knee Rating Scale, Tegner score, visual analog scale for pain, arthroscopic and histological grading scales, femorotibial angle, weightbearing line, and posterior tibial slope.
RESULTS
We reviewed 4 studies with a total of 224 patients. The MSC group demonstrated significantly greater improvement versus controls in the pooled Lysholm score (weighted mean difference [WMD], 6.64; 95% CI, 0.90 to 12.39) and pooled IKDC score (WMD, 9.21; 95% CI, 4.06 to 14.36), which were within or close to the minimal clinically important difference. Radiological outcomes were similar in both groups, including the femorotibial angle (WMD, -0.01; 95% CI, -1.10 to 1.09), weightbearing line, and posterior tibial slope. The studies were homogeneous, and no publication bias was noted.
CONCLUSION
Intra-articular MSC augmentation for HTO may modestly improve functional outcomes as compared with HTO alone. However, adequate data are lacking to make definitive conclusions regarding the effect of MSC augmentation on pain or arthroscopic and histologic grading.
PubMed: 34212066
DOI: 10.1177/23259671211014840 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine Dec 2021Recurrence is a frequent and undesirable outcome after hallux valgus (HV) surgery. However, the prevalence of HV recurrence and the pre- and postoperatory factors... (Review)
Review
Recurrence is a frequent and undesirable outcome after hallux valgus (HV) surgery. However, the prevalence of HV recurrence and the pre- and postoperatory factors associated with it have not been adequately studied. This study aimed to quantify the prevalence rate of HV recurrence and to analyze its predisposing factors. MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were systematically searched for observational studies including individuals undergoing HV surgical correction. The random-effects restricted maximum likelihood model was used to estimate the pooled effect size (correlation coefficient (r)). Twenty-three studies were included, yielding a total of 2914 individuals. Pooled prevalence of HV recurrence was 24.86% (95% confidence interval (CI), 19.15 to 30.57, I = 91.92%, = 0.00). Preoperative HV angle (HVA) (r = 0.29; 95% CI, 0.14 to 0.43) and preoperative intermetatarsal angle (IMA) (r = 0.13; 95% CI, 0.00 to 0.27) showed a moderate positive relationship with recurrence. Postoperative HVA (r = 0.57; 95% CI, 0.21 to 0.94) and sesamoid position (r = 0.46; 95% CI, 0.31 to 0.60) showed strong relationships with recurrence. In conclusion, preoperative HVA, IMA, and postoperative HVA and sesamoid position are significant risk factors for HV recurrence, and the association of these factors with recurrence is affected by age.
PubMed: 34945049
DOI: 10.3390/jcm10245753 -
Journal of Orthopaedics Apr 2024To synthesize existing literature regarding the indications and outcomes of femoral rotational osteotomies (FDO) for femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) due to. (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
To synthesize existing literature regarding the indications and outcomes of femoral rotational osteotomies (FDO) for femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) due to.
METHODS
Medline, Cochrane, and Embase were searched using keywords "femoroacetabular impingement", "rotational osteotomy" and others to identify FAI patients undergoing FDO. Double-screened studies were reviewed by blinded authors according to inclusion criteria. Data from full texts was extracted including study type, number of patients, sex, mean age, surgical indication, type of dysplasia, associated pathology, surgical technique, follow-up, and pre-op/post-op evaluations of the following: impingement test, femoral version (FV), 'other angles measured', outcome scores, range of motion (ROM).
RESULTS
7 studies including 91 patients (97 FDO surgeries), 73 females (80 %) with mean age of 28.3 years, and follow-up mean of 2.44 ± 2.83 years. Pain or impingement was the most common clinical indication, while others included aberrant FV and ROM measurements for both anteverted and retroverted femurs. There were reports of FDO being performed with concomitant procedures addressing other pathology. Various outcome scores and ROM measurements showed postoperative improvement after FDO. Complication data was sparse, preventing aggregation. The rate of unplanned reoperation was 40 % (where reported), with 'hardware removal' being the most common.
CONCLUSIONS
FDO is effective in treating FAI due to increased FV, improving clinical symptoms, and potentially delaying articular degeneration. Hardware removal surgery remains an inherent risk in undergoing FDO. Further work is needed to discover indications warranting FDO as a primary treatment versus hip arthroscopy.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
This review contains 4 studies with Level IV evidence and 3 studies with Level III evidence.
PubMed: 38283872
DOI: 10.1016/j.jor.2023.12.015