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BMC Medical Informatics and Decision... Jul 2021Low back pain is a leading cause of disability worldwide. Health literacy has been associated with pain intensity and pain control. However, there is a paucity of... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Low back pain is a leading cause of disability worldwide. Health literacy has been associated with pain intensity and pain control. However, there is a paucity of evidence regarding this association. In the field of low back pain research, inconsistent reporting of outcomes has been highlighted. To address this issue a Core Outcome Set has been developed.
OBJECTIVES
The objectives of this scoping review were: (1) The health literacy measures currently employed for low back pain and the aspects of health literacy they include. (2) The low back pain health outcomes included in such work. (3) The extent to which these health outcomes reflect the Core Outcome Set for Clinical Trials in Non-Specific Low Back Pain.
METHODS
The search included thirteen bibliographic databases, using medical subject heading terms for low back pain and health literacy, and followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. The eligibility criteria were defined by the Joanna Briggs Institute PCC mnemonic. A thematic framework approach was used for analysis.
RESULTS
The search yielded ten relevant studies for inclusion, amongst which a total of nine health literacy measures and 50 health outcome measures were used. Most health literacy measures focused on functional health literacy, with few assessing communicative and critical health literacy. The health outcomes assessed by the included studies could be broadly categorised into: Pain, Disability, Behaviour, Knowledge and Beliefs, and Resource Utilisation. Most of these outcome measures studied (36 out of 50) did not directly reflect the Core Outcome Set for Clinical Trials in Non-Specific Low Back Pain.
CONCLUSIONS
To allow for comparison across findings and the development of a rigorous evidence base, future work should include the Core Outcome Set for Clinical Trials in Non-Specific Low Back Pain. There is an urgent need to broaden the evidence-base to include regions where low back pain morbidity is high, but data is lacking. Such work demands the incorporation of comprehensive measures of health literacy that have both generic and culturally sensitive components.
Topics: Disabled Persons; Health Literacy; Humans; Low Back Pain; Outcome Assessment, Health Care
PubMed: 34256742
DOI: 10.1186/s12911-021-01572-0 -
Developmental Medicine and Child... Apr 2023To review the evidence for the effects of adapted bicycle riding on body structures and functions, activity, participation, and quality of life outcomes in children with... (Review)
Review
AIM
To review the evidence for the effects of adapted bicycle riding on body structures and functions, activity, participation, and quality of life outcomes in children with disabilities, along with family-level participation outcomes.
METHOD
A systematic review with searches of nine electronic databases to identify studies involving participants with a developmental disability aged 4 to 18 years who used a dynamic adapted bicycle was completed in August 2021. Risk of bias was assessed based on individual study designs. A narrative synthesis integrated the findings of the included studies. Certainty of evidence was synthesized using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.
RESULTS
Ten studies were included with 234 participants. Five studies reported outcomes at the body structures and functions level, ten reported activity-level outcomes, two reported participation-related outcomes, and none assessed quality of life or family participation in social and recreational activities.
INTERPRETATION
Adapted bicycle riding interventions may improve gross motor function, enhance lower-limb muscle strength, and promote physical activity; however, certainty of evidence of effects was rated very low using GRADE. Further research is required to understand the impact of adapted bicycle riding on the participation outcomes of children and adolescents with disabilities and on family-level participation in social and recreational activities.
WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS
Adapted bicycle riding interventions may improve motor functions and physical activity. Evidence about participation outcomes after adapted bicycle riding is limited. Research on adapted bicycle riding interventions in natural settings is needed.
Topics: Child; Humans; Adolescent; Bicycling; Quality of Life; Exercise; Disabled Persons
PubMed: 36335550
DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.15446 -
Cureus Nov 2023Fractures represent a major cause of disability in the elderly, and patients with fractures exhibit a higher mortality rate than those without. Fractures are also an... (Review)
Review
Fractures represent a major cause of disability in the elderly, and patients with fractures exhibit a higher mortality rate than those without. Fractures are also an important health problem among patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) requiring hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, or kidney transplantation. To the best of our knowledge, no study in the literature has yet quantitatively summarized the mortality rates, and a summary of evidence on post-hip and spine fracture mortality in patients with ESKD is lacking. The purpose of this study is to quantitatively evaluate the mortality rate, one-year mortality rate, and five-year mortality rate after hip and spine fractures in patients with ESKD receiving kidney replacement therapy. The MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Embase, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were comprehensively searched for reports on mortality rate and time-period mortality in patients with ESKD after hip or spine fractures up to June 2022. Prospective and retrospective cohort studies, as well as case series involving four or more patients, were included. Pooled mortality rate, one-year rate, and five-year mortality rate with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were examined using a random-effects model. The risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Prevalence Critical Appraisal Tool. Additionally, heterogeneity between studies was evaluated. A total of 26 studies were included in this meta-analysis. The one-year and five-year mortality rates after hip and spine fractures were 215.35-774.0 per 1,000 person-year and 148-194.1 per 1,000 person-year, respectively. After hip fractures, the one-year mortality rate was 27% (95% CI: 18-38%, I = 98%), whereas the five-year mortality rate was 56% (95% CI: 41-71%, I = 99%). After spine fractures, the one-year mortality rate was 10% (95% CI: 4-17%, I = 70%), whereas the five-year mortality rate was 48.3%. The post-fracture mortality rate was high in patients with ESKD, particularly within one year after the occurrence of fractures. Additionally, the five-year mortality rate after hip femoral or spine fractures was high at approximately 50%.
PubMed: 38161869
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49636 -
International Journal of Environmental... Dec 2022Physical function is one of the most important constructs assessed in health-related quality of life (HRQOL), and it could be very useful to assess movement ability from... (Review)
Review
Physical function is one of the most important constructs assessed in health-related quality of life (HRQOL), and it could be very useful to assess movement ability from the perspective of the patient. The objective of this study was to compare the content of the domains related to mobility covered by the HRQOL questionnaires based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) and to evaluate their quality according to the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) guidance. For this, a systematic review was carried out in the databases Scopus, Web of Science and Science Direct. The inclusion criteria were development and/or validation studies about generic HRQOL measures, and the instruments had to include items related to mobility and studies written in English or Spanish. The comparison of content was performed using the ICF coding system. A total of 3614 articles were found, 20 generic HRQOL instruments were identified and 120 (22.4%) mobility-related items were found. Walking was the most represented category. Low-quality evidence on some measurement properties of the generic HRQOL instruments was revealed. The CAT-Health is a useful questionnaire to be used in rehabilitation due to its psychometric properties and its content.
Topics: Humans; Quality of Life; Disabled Persons; Activities of Daily Living; Surveys and Questionnaires; Walking; Psychometrics
PubMed: 36554369
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416493 -
Pain and Therapy Dec 2021Chronic pain in head, neck, shoulders and upper limbs is debilitating, and patients usually rely on pain medications or surgery to manage their symptoms. However, given... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Chronic pain in head, neck, shoulders and upper limbs is debilitating, and patients usually rely on pain medications or surgery to manage their symptoms. However, given the current opioid epidemic, non-pharmacological interventions that reduce pain, such as spinal cord stimulation (SCS), are needed. The purpose of this study was to review the evidence on paresthesia-free 10 kHz SCS therapy for neck and upper extremity pain.
METHODS
Systematic literature search was performed for studies reporting outcomes for cervical 10 kHz SCS using date limits from May 2008 to November 2020. The study results were analyzed and described qualitatively. Additionally, when feasible, meta-analyses of the outcome data, with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), were conducted using both the fixed-effects (FE) and random-effects (RE) models.
RESULTS
A total of 15 studies were eligible for inclusion. The proportion of patients who achieved ≥ 50% pain reduction was 83% (95% CI 77-89%) in both the FE and RE models. The proportion of patients who reduced/eliminated their opioid consumption was 39% (95% CI 31-46%) in the FE model and 39% (95% CI 31-48%) in the RE model. Pain or discomfort with the implant, lead migration, and infections were potential risks following cervical SCS. Explant rate was 0.1 (95% CI 0.0-0.2) events per 100 person-months, and no patients in the included studies experienced a neurological complication or paresthesia.
CONCLUSION
Findings suggest 10 kHz SCS is a promising, safe, minimally invasive alternative for managing chronic upper limb and neck pain.
PubMed: 34031856
DOI: 10.1007/s40122-021-00269-6 -
Journal of Neuroengineering and... Nov 2022The development of bionic legs has seen substantial improvements in the past years but people with lower-limb amputation still suffer from impairments in mobility (e.g.,... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The development of bionic legs has seen substantial improvements in the past years but people with lower-limb amputation still suffer from impairments in mobility (e.g., altered balance and gait control) due to significant limitations of the contemporary prostheses. Approaching the problem from a human-centered perspective by focusing on user-specific needs can allow identifying critical improvements that can increase the quality of life. While there are several reviews of user needs regarding upper limb prostheses, a comprehensive summary of such needs for those affected by lower limb loss does not exist.
METHODS
We have conducted a systematic review of the literature to extract important needs of the users of lower-limb prostheses. The review included 56 articles in which a need (desire, wish) was reported explicitly by the recruited people with lower limb amputation (N = 8149).
RESULTS
An exhaustive list of user needs was collected and subdivided into functional, psychological, cognitive, ergonomics, and other domain. Where appropriate, we have also briefly discussed the developments in prosthetic devices that are related to or could have an impact on those needs. In summary, the users would like to lead an independent life and reintegrate into society by coming back to work and participating in social and leisure activities. Efficient, versatile, and stable gait, but also support to other activities (e.g., sit to stand), contribute to safety and confidence, while appearance and comfort are important for the body image. However, the relation between specific needs, objective measures of performance, and overall satisfaction and quality of life is still an open question.
CONCLUSIONS
Identifying user needs is a critical step for the development of new generation lower limb prostheses that aim to improve the quality of life of their users. However, this is not a simple task, as the needs interact with each other and depend on multiple factors (e.g., mobility level, age, gender), while evolving in time with the use of the device. Hence, novel assessment methods are required that can evaluate the impact of the system from a holistic perspective, capturing objective outcomes but also overall user experience and satisfaction in the relevant environment (daily life).
Topics: Humans; Amputation, Surgical; Amputees; Artificial Limbs; Quality of Life; Upper Extremity
PubMed: 36335345
DOI: 10.1186/s12984-022-01097-1 -
American Journal of Obstetrics and... Jan 2020Women with disabilities are increasingly becoming pregnant, and growing evidence suggests maternal disability may be associated with increased risk for perinatal... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Women with disabilities are increasingly becoming pregnant, and growing evidence suggests maternal disability may be associated with increased risk for perinatal complications.
OBJECTIVE
A systematic review and meta-analysis were undertaken to examine the association between maternal disabilities and risk for perinatal complications.
STUDY DESIGN
Medline, CINAHL, EMBASE, and PsycINFO were searched from inception to July 2018 for full-text publications in English on pregnancy, delivery, and postpartum complications in women with any disability and those with physical, sensory, and intellectual and developmental disabilities specifically. Searches were limited to quantitative studies with a comparison group of women without disabilities. Reviewers used standardized instruments to extract data from and assess the quality of included studies. Pooled odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were generated using DerSimonian and Laird random effects models for outcomes with data available from ≥3 studies.
RESULTS
The review included 23 studies, representing 8,514,356 women in 19 cohorts. Women with sensory (pooled unadjusted odds ratio, 2.85, 95% confidence interval, 0.79-10.31) and intellectual and developmental disabilities (pooled unadjusted odds ratio, 1.10, 95% confidence interval, 0.76-1.58) had elevated but not statistically significant risk for gestational diabetes. Women with any disability (pooled unadjusted odds ratio, 1.45, 95% confidence interval, 1.16-1.82) and intellectual and developmental disabilities (pooled unadjusted odds ratio, 1.77, 95% confidence interval, 1.21-2.60) had increased risk for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy; risk was elevated but not statistically significant for women with sensory disabilities (pooled unadjusted odds ratio, 2.84, 95% confidence interval, 0.85-9.43). Women with any (pooled unadjusted odds ratio, 1.31, 95% confidence interval, 1.02-1.68), physical (pooled unadjusted odds ratio, 1.60, 95% confidence interval, 1.21-2.13), and intellectual and developmental disabilities (pooled unadjusted odds ratio, 1.29, 95% confidence interval, 1.02-1.63) had increased risk for cesarean delivery; risk among women with sensory disabilities was elevated but not statistically significant (pooled unadjusted odds ratio, 1.28, 95% confidence interval, 0.84-1.93). There was heterogeneity in all analyses, and 13 studies had weak-quality ratings, with lack of control for confounding being the most common limitation.
CONCLUSION
Evidence that maternal disability is associated with increased risk for perinatal complications demonstrates that more high-quality research is needed to examine the reasons for this risk and to determine what interventions could be implemented to support women with disabilities during the perinatal period.
Topics: Autism Spectrum Disorder; Cerebral Palsy; Comorbidity; Developmental Disabilities; Disabled Persons; Down Syndrome; Female; Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders; Hearing Loss; Humans; Intellectual Disability; Neurodevelopmental Disorders; Obstetric Labor Complications; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Puerperal Disorders; Spinal Cord Injuries; Vision Disorders
PubMed: 31306650
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2019.07.015 -
PloS One 2022The aim of this study was to identify, describe and synthesize the skill tests used in wheelchair basketball.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to identify, describe and synthesize the skill tests used in wheelchair basketball.
METHOD
A systematic review was carried out in the databases: PubMed/Medline, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of science and Google Scholar from inception to January 2021 with up to date in January 2022. the eligibility criteria used were Inclusion: (i) evaluation of wheelchair basketball athletes; (ii) using skill tests (defined as agility, speed, ball maneuverability, slalom, etc.) and (iii) papers needed to be written in English and published in peer-reviewed journals. Exclusion: (i) papers with poor description of the test methodology, (ii) participants not classified as wheelchair basketball athletes (less than one year of practice) and (iii) Participants were not people without disabilities.
RESULTS
Our main findings were: a) the most explored skills were pass and speed, and the most frequent test was the pass tests and sprint tests, b) Strong associations were found between sports classes and performance in field tests, c) The most used tests for each skill were: pass = pass accuracy and maximum pass; speed = 20m sprint test with and without the ball; agility = slalom test; dribbling = obstacle dribbling tests and throw = free throw and spot shot.
CONCLUSION
The most explored skills were passing and speed, and to evaluate these skills we highlight the two-handed chest pass test, 20m sprint test with ball and the WMP test. The use of specific tests can facilitate the creation of reference standards and possible comparison of athletes and, thus, enable better training conditions, aiming to meet the specific demands of each athlete and team.
Topics: Humans; Basketball; Wheelchairs; Para-Athletes; Athletes; Hand
PubMed: 36454747
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276946 -
Social Science & Medicine (1982) Apr 2024There are a wide range of interventions that are designed to influence employer behaviour with respect to the employment of people with disabilities. This study presents... (Review)
Review
There are a wide range of interventions that are designed to influence employer behaviour with respect to the employment of people with disabilities. This study presents the results of a systematic review looking at employer-focused interventions to improve disability employment, focusing on interventions or policies taking placing in high-income countries as per the OECD. This systematic review focuses on a broad range of potential employment-related outcomes, including the employment rate, time to return to work and length of sickness absence. The results of 71 papers that evaluate the effectiveness of a range of interventions were synthesised into a narrative review. Interventions are grouped into six broad categories: anti-discrimination legislation, quota systems, part-time sick leave, graded return to work and wage subsidy schemes. Anti-discrimination legislation is not effective at improving the employment prospects of people with disabilities. There is mixed evidence with respect to quota systems and wage subsidy schemes. However, the availability of part time sick leave or graded return to work are both consistently associated with improved work participation for people with disabilities.
Topics: Humans; Employment; Disabled Persons; Salaries and Fringe Benefits; Sick Leave; Policy
PubMed: 38484455
DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.116742 -
PloS One 2022Existing evidence indicates that prevalence of violence against women with disability is elevated compared to women without disability. We conducted a scoping review...
INTRODUCTION
Existing evidence indicates that prevalence of violence against women with disability is elevated compared to women without disability. We conducted a scoping review with a focus on measurement to assess the forms of measurement and study design utilized to explore the intersection of violence against women with disabilities, and to identify strengths and limitations in current approaches to measuring violence against women with disabilities. This scoping review is designed to inform current debates and discussions regarding how to generate evidence concerning violence against women with disabilities.
METHODS AND RESULTS
We conducted systematic searches of the following databases: PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, CINAHL, PILOTS, ERIC, Social Work Abstracts, International Bibliography of the Social Sciences, Social Services Abstracts, ProQuest Criminal Justice, and Dissertations & Theses Global, and conducted structured searches of national statistics and surveys and grey literature available on-line. We identified 174 manuscripts or reports for inclusion. n = 113 manuscripts or reports utilized acts-specific measurement of violence. In terms of measurement of disability, we found that amongst the included manuscripts and reports, n = 75 utilized measures of functioning limitations (n = 20 of these were Washington Group questions), n = 15 utilized a single question approach and n = 67 defined participants in the research as having a disability based on a diagnosis or self-report of a health condition or impairment.
DISCUSSION
This scoping review provides a comprehensive overview of measurement of violence against women with disabilities and measurement of violence within disability-focused research. We identified several important gaps in the evidence, including lack of sex and disability disaggregation, limited evidence concerning adaptation of data collection methods to ensure accessibility of research activities for women with disabilities, and limited evidence concerning differential relationships between types of disability and violence exposure. This scoping review provides directions for sub-analyses of the included studies and further research to address gaps in evidence.
Topics: Disabled Persons; Female; Humans; Prevalence; Violence
PubMed: 35100320
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263020