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Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy :... Jun 2022Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is gaining popularity and is applied in a variety of clinical settings. This review aims to present and evaluate available evidence regarding...
INTRODUCTION
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is gaining popularity and is applied in a variety of clinical settings. This review aims to present and evaluate available evidence regarding the use of PRP in various applications in plastic surgery.
METHODS
PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, and Embase were searched using predefined MeSH terms to identify studies concerning the application of PRP alone or in combination with fat grafting for plastic surgery. The search was limited to articles in English or German. Animal studies, in vitro studies, case reports, and case series were excluded.
RESULTS
Of 50 studies included in this review, eleven studies used PRP for reconstruction or wound treatment, eleven for cosmetic procedures, four for hand surgery, two for burn injuries, five for craniofacial disorders, and 17 as an adjuvant to fat grafting. Individual study characteristics were summarized. Considerable variation in preparation protocols and treatment strategies were observed. Even though several beneficial effects of PRP therapy were described, significance was not always demonstrated, and some studies yielded conflicting results. Efficacy of PRP was not universally proven in every field of application.
CONCLUSION
This study presents an overview of current PRP treatment options and outcomes in plastic surgery. PRP may be beneficial for some indications explored in this review; however, currently available data are insufficient and systematic evaluation is limited due to high heterogeneity in PRP preparation and treatment regimens. Further randomized controlled trials employing standardized protocols are warranted.
PubMed: 35813605
DOI: 10.1159/000524353 -
Annals of Medicine Dec 2023Patients with walled-off necrosis (WON) are still challenging to treat safely and effectively. Recently, double-pigtail plastic stents (DPS), bi-flanged metallic stents... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Safety and efficacy of lumen-apposing metal stents and double-pigtail plastic stents for endoscopic ultrasound-guided drainage of walled-off necrosis; a systematic review and meta-analysis.
BACKGROUND
Patients with walled-off necrosis (WON) are still challenging to treat safely and effectively. Recently, double-pigtail plastic stents (DPS), bi-flanged metallic stents (BFMS), and lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMS) have been employed with endoscopic ultrasound-guided (EUS-guided) drainage. However, there is little solid evidence to support the effectiveness and safety of using stents. This study aims to compare the outcomes of the LAMS and the PS.
METHOD
Till July 2022, a thorough database search was done, and studies that met the criteria were chosen. By using the RevMan software, the technical and clinical success and other secondary outcomes were calculated. Subgroup analysis was performed between the LAMS and the BFMS.
RESULTS
Fifteen studies (two randomized controlled trials and thirteen observational) with 687 patients receiving metal stents and 771 patients receiving plastic stents were selected for final analysis. There was no significant risk of bias or publication bias. The odds ratios (OR) for technical and clinical success were 0.36 (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.08, 1.52) and 2.26 (95%CI 1.62, 3.15), respectively. The OR for overall adverse events was 0.74 (95% CI 0.41, 1.34). In subgroup analysis, the LAMS and the BFMS showed the same outcomes.
CONCLUSION
Compared to DPS, LAMS had better clinical outcomes and fewer side effects when treating patients with WON.
Topics: Humans; Plastics; Treatment Outcome; Stents; Drainage; Necrosis; Ultrasonography, Interventional; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 36779694
DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2022.2164048 -
Waste Management (New York, N.Y.) Mar 2022Plastic waste, primarily from packaging, is a growing threat to nature and the environment and a waste of resources, calling for a greener, circular economy based on... (Review)
Review
Plastic waste, primarily from packaging, is a growing threat to nature and the environment and a waste of resources, calling for a greener, circular economy based on waste avoidance and recycling. This paper contributes to this goal by providing a systematic review of research, published in English between 2015 and 2020, on drivers and barriers of consumers' plastic packaging waste avoidance and recycling in private households. Focus is specifically on economically developed countries because they are responsible for the biggest share of plastic packaging waste and have implemented the most advanced and ambiguous legislation and regulation for plastic packaging waste prevention and recycling. Based on a search in Scopus, 36 peer-reviewed articles were identified that empirically address what motivates consumers to engage in these activities and what difficulties and hindrances they experience for doing so in an effective way. According to this research, the most important drivers of consumers' plastic packaging waste avoidance and recycling are environmental concern and task-specific benefits, and the most important barriers are lack of knowledge and understanding as well as lack of opportunities, inconvenience, and task difficulty. Moreover, there is some evidence that plastic packaging waste avoidance and recycling behaviours are interlinked, contingent on shared motives and understanding, which calls for an integrated approach considering potential positive and negative spill-over between plastic packaging waste behaviours.
PubMed: 35093857
DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.01.021 -
Pain Physician May 2023Percutaneous balloon kyphoplasty (PKP) is widely used to treat osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs). In addition to rapid and effective pain relief, the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Percutaneous balloon kyphoplasty (PKP) is widely used to treat osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs). In addition to rapid and effective pain relief, the ability to recover the lost height of fractured vertebral bodies and reduce the risk for complications are believed to be the main advantages of this procedure. However, there is no consensus on the appropriate surgical timing for PKP.
OBJECTIVES
This study systematically evaluated the relationship between the surgical timing of PKP and clinical outcomes to provide more evidence for clinicians to choose the intervention timing.
STUDY DESIGN
Systematic review and meta-analysis.
METHODS
The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched for relevant randomized controlled trials and prospective, and retrospective cohort trials published up to November 13, 2022. All included studies explored the influence of PKP intervention timing for OVCFs. Data regarding clinical and radiographic outcomes and complications were extracted and analyzed.
RESULTS
Thirteen studies involving 930 patients with symptomatic OVCFs were included. Most patients with symptomatic OVCFs achieved rapid and effective pain relief after PKP. In comparison to delayed PKP intervention, early PKP intervention was associated with similar or better outcomes in terms of pain relief, improvement of function, restoration of vertebral height, and correction of kyphosis deformity. The meta-analysis results showed there was no significant difference in cement leakage rate between early PKP and late PKP (odds ratio [OR] = 1.60, 95% CI, 0.97-2.64, P = 0.07), whereas delayed PKP had a higher risk for adjacent vertebral fractures (AVFs) than early PKP (OR = 0.31, 95% CI: 0.13-0.76, P = 0.01).
LIMITATIONS
The number of included studies was small, and the overall quality of the evidence was very low.
CONCLUSIONS
PKP is an effective treatment for symptomatic OVCFs. Early PKP may achieve similar or better clinical and radiographic outcomes for treating OVCFs than delayed PKP. Furthermore, early PKP intervention had a lower incidence of AVFs and a similar rate of cement leakage compared with delayed PKP. Based on current evidence, early PKP intervention might be more beneficial to patients.
Topics: Humans; Kyphoplasty; Fractures, Compression; Spinal Fractures; Retrospective Studies; Prospective Studies; Osteoporotic Fractures; Treatment Outcome; Bone Cements; Pain
PubMed: 37192225
DOI: No ID Found -
Cureus Dec 2022There is considerable debate in the literature as to whether one or two venous anastomoses are optimal in the anterolateral thigh (ALT) free-flap reconstruction. The... (Review)
Review
There is considerable debate in the literature as to whether one or two venous anastomoses are optimal in the anterolateral thigh (ALT) free-flap reconstruction. The literature is currently devoid of a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies evaluating these procedures. This review will therefore be the first to address this clinical question. In accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, two authors (EW and SR) independently searched the following electronic databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL). Case-control, randomised control and observational studies were included. The authors did not include case reports, case series, letters or abstracts. All patients were included regardless of age, co-morbidity status, and the anatomical site of reconstruction. Venous congestion/thrombosis, flap take-back rate due to venous insufficiency, flap loss and operative time were the primary outcome measures. Secondary outcome measures included partial flap loss and haematoma formation. The Newcastle Ottawa Scale was used to assess the risk of bias in the included studies. Review Manager 5.4 data synthesis software was used for the analysis. The authors identified eight observational studies, with a total of 1741 patients reviewed, demonstrating a significantly lower flap take-back rate for a double venous anastomosis and a shorter operative time in the single venous anastomosis group. However, other reported measures, including venous congestion and flap loss, showed a non-significant difference (P>0.05). The limitations of the evidence included in this review were that all studies were observational in design. The flap take-back rate is significantly less when anastomosing two veins, and the authors recommend that utilising a second vein can circumvent the caveat of venous compromise.
PubMed: 36628050
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.32358 -
The Journal of Hospital Infection Jan 2022Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019, has caused millions of deaths worldwide. The virus is... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019, has caused millions of deaths worldwide. The virus is transmitted by inhalation of infectious particles suspended in the air, direct deposition on mucous membranes and indirect contact via contaminated surfaces. Disinfection methods that can halt such transmission are important in this pandemic and in future viral infections.
AIM
To highlight the efficacy of several disinfection methods against SARS-CoV-2 based on up-to-date evidence found in the literature.
METHODS
Two databases were searched to identify studies that assessed disinfection methods used against SARS-CoV-2. In total, 1229 studies were identified and 60 of these were included in this review. Quality assessment was evaluated by the Office of Health Assessment and Translation's risk-of-bias tool.
FINDINGS
Twenty-eight studies investigated disinfection methods on environmental surfaces, 16 studies investigated disinfection methods on biological surfaces, four studies investigated disinfection methods for airborne coronavirus, and 16 studies investigated methods used to recondition personal protective equipment (PPE).
CONCLUSIONS
Several household and hospital disinfection agents and ultraviolet-C (UV-C) irradiation were effective for inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 on environmental surfaces. Formulations containing povidone-iodine can provide virucidal action on the skin and mucous membranes. In the case of hand hygiene, typical soap bars and alcohols can inactivate SARS-CoV-2. Air filtration systems incorporated with materials that possess catalytic properties, UV-C devices and heating systems can reduce airborne viral particles effectively. The decontamination of PPE can be conducted safely by heat and ozone treatment.
Topics: COVID-19; Disinfection; Humans; Pandemics; Povidone-Iodine; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 34673114
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2021.07.014 -
Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology Jan 2021Increasing evidence indicates that ovarian hormones affect brain structure, chemistry and function of women in their reproductive age, potentially shaping their behavior... (Review)
Review
Increasing evidence indicates that ovarian hormones affect brain structure, chemistry and function of women in their reproductive age, potentially shaping their behavior and mental health. Throughout the reproductive years, estrogens and progesterone levels fluctuate across the menstrual cycle and can modulate neural circuits involved in affective and cognitive processes. Here, we review seventy-seven neuroimaging studies and provide a comprehensive and data-driven evaluation of the accumulating evidence on brain plasticity associated with endogenous ovarian hormone fluctuations in naturally cycling women (n = 1304). The results particularly suggest modulatory effects of ovarian hormones fluctuations on the reactivity and structure of cortico-limbic brain regions. These findings highlight the importance of performing multimodal neuroimaging studies on neural correlates of systematic ovarian hormone fluctuations in naturally cycling women based on careful menstrual cycle staging.
Topics: Brain; Estrogens; Female; Humans; Menstrual Cycle; Neuroimaging; Progesterone
PubMed: 33098847
DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2020.100878 -
International Journal of Public Health 2024This systematic review aims to assess the relationship between prenatal and childhood exposure to phthalates and neurodevelopmental outcomes, identifying periods of... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
This systematic review aims to assess the relationship between prenatal and childhood exposure to phthalates and neurodevelopmental outcomes, identifying periods of heightened susceptibility. Data sources considered studies examining repeated phthalate exposure during pregnancy and childhood on neurodevelopment. Evaluation included bias risk and study quality criteria. Evidence was synthesized by groups of low and high phthalate molecular weight and exposure measured prenatally and postnatally and outcome measured in childhood. Beta coefficients and their standard errors were extracted, leading to meta-analyses of various neurodevelopmental outcomes: cognition, motor skills, language, behavior, and temperament. Eleven pregnancy and birth cohort studies were identified as relevant. For each phthalate group and outcome combination, there was low or very low evidence of an association, except for prenatal and postnatal phthalate exposure and behavioral development and postnatal exposure and cognition. The estimated effects sizes were relatively small and strong evidence for periods of heightened susceptibility could not be elucidated. No distinction between phthalates of low molecular weight and those of high molecular weight with regards to the outcomes was found.
Topics: Child; Female; Pregnancy; Humans; Phthalic Acids; Cohort Studies; Cognition; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Environmental Exposure
PubMed: 38590582
DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2024.1606802 -
International Journal of Molecular... Oct 2023Bisphenols such as bisphenol A (BPA), S (BPS), C (BPC), F (BPF), AF (BPAF), tetrabromobisphenol, nonylphenol, and octylphenol are plasticizers used worldwide to... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Bisphenols such as bisphenol A (BPA), S (BPS), C (BPC), F (BPF), AF (BPAF), tetrabromobisphenol, nonylphenol, and octylphenol are plasticizers used worldwide to manufacture daily-use articles. Exposure to these compounds is related to many pathologies of public health importance, such as infertility. Using a protector compound against the reproductive toxicological effects of bisphenols is of scientific interest. Melatonin and vitamins have been tested, but the results are not conclusive. To this end, this systematic review and meta-analysis compared the response of reproductive variables to melatonin and vitamin administration as protectors against damage caused by bisphenols. We search for controlled studies of male rats exposed to bisphenols to induce alterations in reproduction, with at least one intervention group receiving melatonin or vitamins (B, C, or E). Also, molecular docking simulations were performed between the androgen (AR) and estrogen receptors (ER), melatonin, and vitamins. About 1234 records were initially found; finally, 13 studies were qualified for review and meta-analysis. Melatonin plus bisphenol improves sperm concentration and viability of sperm and increases testosterone serum levels compared with control groups; however, groups receiving vitamins plus bisphenols had lower sperm concentration, total testis weight, and testosterone serum levels than the control. In the docking analysis, vitamin E had the highest negative MolDock score, representing the best binding affinity with AR and ER, compared with other vitamins and melatonin in the docking. Our findings suggest that vitamins could act as an endocrine disruptor, and melatonin is most effective in protecting against the toxic effects of bisphenols.
Topics: Male; Rats; Animals; Melatonin; Vitamins; Molecular Docking Simulation; Semen; Benzhydryl Compounds; Reproduction; Receptors, Estrogen; Vitamin A; Vitamin K; Testosterone; Endocrine Disruptors
PubMed: 37834378
DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914930 -
Regenerative Therapy Dec 2023The incidence of hair loss (HL) and telogen effluvium (TE) in COVID-19 patients has been reported in several studies.
BACKGROUND
The incidence of hair loss (HL) and telogen effluvium (TE) in COVID-19 patients has been reported in several studies.
OBJECTIVES
Evaluate both the increased incidence of HL and TE in COVID-19 and the effectiveness of Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP), Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (AD-MSCs), and Human Follicle Stem Cells (HFSCs) in these patients.
METHODS
The protocol was developed by the Preferred Reporting for Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses-Protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines. A multistep search of PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Clinicaltrials. gov, Scopus, and Cochrane databases has been performed to identify papers focusing on HL and TE COVID-19 related, and papers focusing on AD-MSCs, HFSC, and PRP use.
RESULTS
Of the 404 articles initially identified focusing on HL and TE, 44 were related to COVID-19, and finally, only 6 were analyzed. On the other way, 331 articles focusing on AD-MSCs, HFSC, and PRP were initially identified. Of these, only 6 articles PRP (n = 3), AD-MSCs, and HFSCs (n = 3) have been analyzed.
CONCLUSION
Collected data confirmed both an increased incidence of HL and TE in COVID-19 patients, preliminarily, the related effectiveness of AD-MSCs, HFSCs, and PRP without major side effects.
PubMed: 37519906
DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2023.07.001