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Frontiers in Public Health 2021Prediabetes is a borderline glycemic status associated with both higher incidence of cardiovascular disease as well as higher risk of progression to diabetes. There is a... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Prediabetes is a borderline glycemic status associated with both higher incidence of cardiovascular disease as well as higher risk of progression to diabetes. There is a rising burden of diabetes and prediabetes globally. This study aims to estimate the burden of prediabetes in Nigeria. Online searches of Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus were conducted and studies were selected based on predefined criteria. A total of 15 studies consisting of 14,206 individuals conducted between 2000 and 2019 were included in the meta-analysis with studies using American Diabetic Association (ADA) and World Health Organization (WHO) criteria pooled separately. The pooled prevalence of prediabetes in Nigeria was found to be 13.2% (95% CI: 5.6-23.2%, = 98.4%) using the ADA criteria and 10.4% (95% CI: 4.3-18.9%, = 99.2%) using the WHO criteria. According to the latest data by the United Nations, this translates to an estimated 15.8 and 12.5 million adult prediabetic individuals in Nigeria using the ADA and WHO criteria, respectively. The prevalence rates for women and men were similar at 12.1% (95% CI: 5-21%). The pooled prevalence rates for urban and rural settlements were also similar at 9% (95% CI: 2-22%). In conclusion, the prevalence of prediabetes in Nigeria was almost two times higher than the 7.3% estimate by the International Diabetes Federation in 2003. The similar rates of prediabetes between men and women and between urban and rural settlements points toward narrowing of cardiovascular risk burden between the two sexes and the two settlements. This represents higher future cardiovascular disease burden in the country further pressurizing the overstretched healthcare system.
Topics: Adult; Cardiovascular Diseases; Diabetes Mellitus; Female; Humans; Male; Nigeria; Prediabetic State; Prevalence
PubMed: 35004577
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.762429 -
Journal of Diabetes Investigation Oct 2023There has been conflicting evidence regarding the role of prediabetes as a risk factor of lung cancer. A systemic review and meta-analysis was conducted to determine the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
AIMS/INTRODUCTION
There has been conflicting evidence regarding the role of prediabetes as a risk factor of lung cancer. A systemic review and meta-analysis was conducted to determine the relationship between prediabetes and lung cancer incidence and mortality in general adult populations.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Observational studies relevant to the objective were found in Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. By incorporating potential heterogeneity into the model, a randomized-effects model was selected.
RESULTS
Ten cohort studies were included. People with prediabetes were associated with a mildly increased risk of lung cancer incidence compared with controls with normoglycemia (risk ratio [RR]: 1.09, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01-1.18, P = 0.03; I = 79%), which was mainly observed in men rather than in women (RR: 1.07 vs 0.99, P for subgroup difference < 0.001). Prediabetes was related to a higher risk of lung cancer mortality (RR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.02-1.39, P = 0.03; I = 52%), and the results were consistent in both men and women (P for subgroup difference = 0.67). The association between prediabetes and lung cancer incidence or mortality did not appear to be significantly affected by different definitions of prediabetes (P for subgroup difference = 0.27 and 0.37).
CONCLUSIONS
Prediabetes might be associated with a mildly increased risk of lung cancer incidence in men, but not in women. In addition, prediabetes may be related to a higher risk of lung cancer mortality in the adult population.
Topics: Male; Adult; Humans; Female; Incidence; Prediabetic State; Lung Neoplasms; Risk Factors
PubMed: 37517054
DOI: 10.1111/jdi.14057 -
Environment International Jan 2022Cadmium exposure has been associated with increased diabetes risk in several studies, though there is still considerable debate about the magnitude and shape of the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Cadmium exposure has been associated with increased diabetes risk in several studies, though there is still considerable debate about the magnitude and shape of the association.
OBJECTIVE
To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies investigating the relation between cadmium exposure and risk of type 2 diabetes and prediabetes, and to summarize data on the magnitude and shape of the association.
DATA SOURCE
After conducting an online literature search through October 1, 2021, we identified 42 eligible studies investigating the association between cadmium exposure and risk of diabetes and prediabetes.
STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA
We included studies that assessed cadmium exposure through biomarker levels; examined type 2 diabetes or prediabetes among outcomes; and reported effect estimates for cadmium exposure for meta-analysis only.
STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS METHODS
Studies were evaluated using ROBINS-E risk of bias tool. We quantitively assessed the relation between exposure and study outcomes using one-stage dose-response meta-analysis with a random effects meta-analytical model.
RESULTS
In the meta-analysis, comparing highest-versus-lowest cadmium exposure levels, summary relative risks (RRs) for type 2 diabetes were 1.24 (95% confidence interval 0.96-1.59), 1.21 (1.00-1.45), and 1.47 (1.01-2.13) for blood, urinary, and toenail matrices, respectively. Similarly, there was an increased risk of prediabetes for cadmium concentrations in both urine (RR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.15-1.73) and blood (RR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.16-1.63). In the dose-response meta-analysis, we observed a consistent linear positive association between cadmium exposure and diabetes risk, with RRs of 1.25 (0.90-1.72) at 2.0 µg/g of creatinine. Conversely for blood cadmium, diabetes risk appeared to increase only above 1 µg/L. Prediabetes risk increased up to approximately 2 µg/g creatinine above which it reached a plateau with RR of 1.42 (1.12-1.76) at 2 µg/g creatinine.
LIMITATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS
This analysis provides moderate-certainty evidence for a positive association between cadmium exposure (measured in multiple matrices) and risk of both diabetes and prediabetes.
Topics: Bias; Cadmium; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Humans; Prediabetic State; Risk
PubMed: 34628255
DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106920 -
Association between magnesium concentrations and prediabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific Reports Dec 2021Studies on the association between serum magnesium level and prediabetes yielded inconsistent results. Therefore, the present meta-analysis was designed to examine the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Studies on the association between serum magnesium level and prediabetes yielded inconsistent results. Therefore, the present meta-analysis was designed to examine the association between serum magnesium levels and prediabetes. Online databases including PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Google Scholar were searched up to October, 2020. A total of 10 studies that reported mean and standard deviation (SD) of magnesium levels in prediabetes and healthy control group were identified. Random effects models were used to pool weighted mean differences (WMDs) of serum magnesium levels. Pooled-analysis showed that subjects with prediabetes had significantly lower serum magnesium levels compared with healthy controls (WMD = - 0.07 mmol/L; 95% CI - 0.09, - 0.05 mmol/L, P < 0.001). A significant heterogeneity observed across included studies (I = 95.6%, P < 0.001). However, different subgroup analysis did not detect the potential source of observed heterogeneity. Withdrawal of each individual study had no effect on the overall results. The present meta-analysis showed that circulating magnesium levels in people with prediabetes were significantly lower than healthy controls, confirming that magnesium deficiency may play a role in development and progression of prediabetes. Further studies with larger sample size and robust design are warranted to confirm present results.
Topics: Humans; Magnesium; Magnesium Deficiency; Prediabetic State
PubMed: 34937856
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03915-3 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2024Lifestyle modification based on exercise intervention is still the primary way to delay or reverse the development of diabetes in patients with prediabetes. However,... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Lifestyle modification based on exercise intervention is still the primary way to delay or reverse the development of diabetes in patients with prediabetes. However, there are still challenges in setting up a detailed exercise prescription for people with prediabetes. This study mainly ranks exercise prescriptions by comparing the improvement of glucose and lipid metabolism and the level of weight loss in patients.
METHOD
All studies on exercise intervention in prediabetes were identified by searching five electronic databases. Risk assessment and meta-analysis were performed on eligible studies.
RESULTS
Twenty-four studies involving 1946 patients with prediabetes and seven exercise intervention models were included in the final analysis. The meta-analysis showed that exercise of any type was more effective for glycemic control in prediabetes than no exercise. However, the changes in blood glucose were moderate. In prediabetes, combining moderate-intensity aerobic exercise with low-to moderate-load resistance training showed the most significant improvements in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), body mass index (BMI), body weight (BW), total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) (P-score=0.82; 0.70; 0.87; 1; 0.99), low-to moderate-load resistance training showed the most significant improvements in fasting blood glucose (FBG) (P-score=0.98), the vigorous-intensity aerobic exercise showed the most significant improvements in 2-hour post-meal blood glucose (2hPG) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) (P-score=0.79; 0.78), and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise showed the most significant improvements in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (P-score=0.78).
CONCLUSION
In summary, moderate-intensity aerobic exercise, low-to moderate-load resistance training and the combination of both have beneficial effects on glycemic control, weight loss, and cardiovascular health in patients with prediabetes. These findings provide valuable guidance for rehabilitation clinicians and patients alike to follow.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD 42021284922.
Topics: Humans; Prediabetic State; Network Meta-Analysis; Blood Glucose; Exercise; Cholesterol, LDL; Weight Loss
PubMed: 38440785
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1308959 -
The Cochrane Database of Systematic... Dec 2019The projected rise in the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) could develop into a substantial health problem worldwide. Whether metformin can prevent or delay... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Metformin for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications in persons at increased risk for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
BACKGROUND
The projected rise in the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) could develop into a substantial health problem worldwide. Whether metformin can prevent or delay T2DM and its complications in people with increased risk of developing T2DM is unknown.
OBJECTIVES
To assess the effects of metformin for the prevention or delay of T2DM and its associated complications in persons at increased risk for the T2DM.
SEARCH METHODS
We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov, the World Health Organization (WHO) International Clinical Trials Registry Platform and the reference lists of systematic reviews, articles and health technology assessment reports. We asked investigators of the included trials for information about additional trials. The date of the last search of all databases was March 2019.
SELECTION CRITERIA
We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with a duration of one year or more comparing metformin with any pharmacological glucose-lowering intervention, behaviour-changing intervention, placebo or standard care in people with impaired glucose tolerance, impaired fasting glucose, moderately elevated glycosylated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) or combinations of these.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
Two review authors read all abstracts and full-text articles and records, assessed risk of bias and extracted outcome data independently. We used a random-effects model to perform meta-analysis and calculated risk ratios (RRs) for dichotomous outcomes and mean differences (MDs) for continuous outcomes, using 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for effect estimates. We assessed the certainty of the evidence using GRADE.
MAIN RESULTS
We included 20 RCTs randomising 6774 participants. One trial contributed 48% of all participants. The duration of intervention in the trials varied from one to five years. We judged none of the trials to be at low risk of bias in all 'Risk of bias' domains. Our main outcome measures were all-cause mortality, incidence of T2DM, serious adverse events (SAEs), cardiovascular mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction or stroke, health-related quality of life and socioeconomic effects.The following comparisons mostly reported only a fraction of our main outcome set. Fifteen RCTs compared metformin with diet and exercise with or without placebo: all-cause mortality was 7/1353 versus 7/1480 (RR 1.11, 95% CI 0.41 to 3.01; P = 0.83; 2833 participants, 5 trials; very low-quality evidence); incidence of T2DM was 324/1751 versus 529/1881 participants (RR 0.50, 95% CI 0.38 to 0.65; P < 0.001; 3632 participants, 12 trials; moderate-quality evidence); the reporting of SAEs was insufficient and diverse and meta-analysis could not be performed (reported numbers were 4/118 versus 2/191; 309 participants; 4 trials; very low-quality evidence); cardiovascular mortality was 1/1073 versus 4/1082 (2416 participants; 2 trials; very low-quality evidence). One trial reported no clear difference in health-related quality of life after 3.2 years of follow-up (very low-quality evidence). Two trials estimated the direct medical costs (DMC) per participant for metformin varying from $220 to $1177 versus $61 to $184 in the comparator group (2416 participants; 2 trials; low-quality evidence). Eight RCTs compared metformin with intensive diet and exercise: all-cause mortality was 7/1278 versus 4/1272 (RR 1.61, 95% CI 0.50 to 5.23; P = 0.43; 2550 participants, 4 trials; very low-quality evidence); incidence of T2DM was 304/1455 versus 251/1505 (RR 0.80, 95% CI 0.47 to 1.37; P = 0.42; 2960 participants, 7 trials; moderate-quality evidence); the reporting of SAEs was sparse and meta-analysis could not be performed (one trial reported 1/44 in the metformin group versus 0/36 in the intensive exercise and diet group with SAEs). One trial reported that 1/1073 participants in the metformin group compared with 2/1079 participants in the comparator group died from cardiovascular causes. One trial reported that no participant died due to cardiovascular causes (very low-quality evidence). Two trials estimated the DMC per participant for metformin varying from $220 to $1177 versus $225 to $3628 in the comparator group (2400 participants; 2 trials; very low-quality evidence). Three RCTs compared metformin with acarbose: all-cause mortality was 1/44 versus 0/45 (89 participants; 1 trial; very low-quality evidence); incidence of T2DM was 12/147 versus 7/148 (RR 1.72, 95% CI 0.72 to 4.14; P = 0.22; 295 participants; 3 trials; low-quality evidence); SAEs were 1/51 versus 2/50 (101 participants; 1 trial; very low-quality evidence). Three RCTs compared metformin with thiazolidinediones: incidence of T2DM was 9/161 versus 9/159 (RR 0.99, 95% CI 0.41 to 2.40; P = 0.98; 320 participants; 3 trials; low-quality evidence). SAEs were 3/45 versus 0/41 (86 participants; 1 trial; very low-quality evidence). Three RCTs compared metformin plus intensive diet and exercise with identical intensive diet and exercise: all-cause mortality was 1/121 versus 1/120 participants (450 participants; 2 trials; very low-quality evidence); incidence of T2DM was 48/166 versus 53/166 (RR 0.55, 95% CI 0.10 to 2.92; P = 0.49; 332 participants; 2 trials; very low-quality evidence). One trial estimated the DMC of metformin plus intensive diet and exercise to be $270 per participant compared with $225 in the comparator group (94 participants; 1 trial; very-low quality evidence). One trial in 45 participants compared metformin with a sulphonylurea. The trial reported no patient-important outcomes. For all comparisons there were no data on non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke or microvascular complications. We identified 11 ongoing trials which potentially could provide data of interest for this review. These trials will add a total of 17,853 participants in future updates of this review.
AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS
Metformin compared with placebo or diet and exercise reduced or delayed the risk of T2DM in people at increased risk for the development of T2DM (moderate-quality evidence). However, metformin compared to intensive diet and exercise did not reduce or delay the risk of T2DM (moderate-quality evidence). Likewise, the combination of metformin and intensive diet and exercise compared to intensive diet and exercise only neither showed an advantage or disadvantage regarding the development of T2DM (very low-quality evidence). Data on patient-important outcomes such as mortality, macrovascular and microvascular diabetic complications and health-related quality of life were sparse or missing.
Topics: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Glucose Intolerance; Glycated Hemoglobin; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Metformin; Prediabetic State; Quality of Life; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 31794067
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD008558.pub2 -
European Journal of Epidemiology Jun 2023A diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and prediabetes has been associated with increased risk of Parkinson's disease (PD) in several studies, but results have not been... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Diabetes mellitus, prediabetes and the risk of Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 15 cohort studies with 29.9 million participants and 86,345 cases.
A diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and prediabetes has been associated with increased risk of Parkinson's disease (PD) in several studies, but results have not been entirely consistent. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies on diabetes mellitus, prediabetes and the risk of PD to provide an up-to-date assessment of the evidence. PubMed and Embase databases were searched for relevant studies up to 6th of February 2022. Cohort studies reporting adjusted relative risk (RR) estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between diabetes, prediabetes and Parkinson's disease were included. Summary RRs (95% CIs) were calculated using a random effects model. Fifteen cohort studies (29.9 million participants, 86,345 cases) were included in the meta-analysis. The summary RR (95% CI) of PD for persons with diabetes compared to persons without diabetes was 1.27 (1.20-1.35, I = 82%). There was no indication of publication bias, based on Egger's test (p = 0.41), Begg's test (p = 0.99), and inspection of the funnel plot. The association was consistent across geographic regions, by sex, and across several other subgroup and sensitivity analyses. There was some suggestion of a stronger association for diabetes patients reporting diabetes complications than for diabetes patients without complications (RR = 1.54, 1.32-1.80 [n = 3] vs. 1.26, 1.16-1.38 [n = 3]), vs. those without diabetes (p=0.18). The summary RR for prediabetes was 1.04 (95% CI: 1.02-1.07, I = 0%, n = 2). Our results suggest that patients with diabetes have a 27% increased relative risk of developing PD compared to persons without diabetes, and persons with prediabetes have a 4% increase in RR compared to persons with normal blood glucose. Further studies are warranted to clarify the specific role age of onset or duration of diabetes, diabetic complications, glycaemic level and its long-term variability and management may play in relation to PD risk.
Topics: Humans; Prediabetic State; Risk Factors; Parkinson Disease; Diabetes Mellitus; Cohort Studies
PubMed: 37185794
DOI: 10.1007/s10654-023-00970-0 -
Adipocyte Dec 2023This systematic review was developed in compliance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-2020) standards. This was... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
METHODS
This systematic review was developed in compliance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-2020) standards. This was accomplished by searching clinical MeSH categories in MEDLINE with full texts, EMBASE, Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Academic Search Complete, ICTRP and ClinicalTrial.gov. Reviewers examined all the findings and selected the studies that satisfied the inclusion criteria. The Downs and Black Checklist was used to assess for bias, followed by a Review Manager v5. A Forrest plot was used for the meta-analysis and sensitivity analysis. The protocol for this review was registered with PROSPERO CRD42022320252.
RESULTS
The clinical studies ( = 2) comprised 1065 patients with prediabetes and 1103 normal controls. The RAAS measurements were completed in the adipose tissue. The RAAS components, renin and aldosterone were higher in the prediabetic (PD) compared to the control [mean difference (MD) = 0.16, 95% CI 0.16 (-0.13, 0.45), = 0.25]. Furthermore, the PD group demonstrated higher triglycerides mean difference [MD = 7.84, 95% CI 7.84 (-9.84, 25.51), = 0.38] and increased BMI [MD = 0.13, 95% CI 0.13 (-0.74, 0.99), = 0.77] compared to the control. The overall quality of the studies was fair with a median score and range of 17 (16-18).
CONCLUSION
The current study highlights the relationship between increased BMI, RAAS and insulin resistance which is a predictor of prediabetes. The renin is slightly higher in the prediabetes group without any statistical significance, aldosterone is rather negatively associated with prediabetes which may be attributed to the use of anti-hypertensive treatment.
Topics: Humans; Aldosterone; Prediabetic State; Renin; Renin-Angiotensin System; Risk Factors; Adipose Tissue
PubMed: 37606270
DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2023.2249763 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2023Numerous studies have shown the beneficial effects of exercise on glycemic control in people with prediabetes. However, the most effective exercise modality for... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Effect of physical activity and different exercise modalities on glycemic control in people with prediabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
BACKGROUND
Numerous studies have shown the beneficial effects of exercise on glycemic control in people with prediabetes. However, the most effective exercise modality for improving glycemic control remains unclear. We aimed to assess which exercise training modality is most effective in improving glycemic control in a population with prediabetes.
METHODS
We conducted searches in Pubmed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, PEDro, BVS, and the Cochrane Library from inception to June 2022. Included studies reported fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and 2-hour postprandial (2hPP) levels and implemented an exercise program lasting at least 12 weeks in adults with prediabetes. We performed a direct meta-analysis using a random-effects model and a network meta-analysis. Cochran's Q statistic and the inconsistency I test were used to assess the heterogenicity between studies.
RESULTS
Twenty trials were included, with 15 trials (comprising 775 participants with prediabetes) combined in the meta-analysis, and 13 in the network meta-analysis. The meta-analysis results did not show a statistically significant reduction in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) after aerobic training (AT) intervention compared to a control group (mean (95%CI) difference = -5.18 (-13.48; 3.12) mg/dL, Z=1.22, p=0.22). However, a difference of -7.25 (-13.79; -0.71) mg/dL, p=0.03, in FPG after interval training (IT) intervention was detected compared to a control group. After resistance training (RT) intervention, FPG was significantly lower -6.71 (-12.65,-0.77) mg/dL, Z=2.21, p=0.03, and HbA1c by -0.13 (-0.55, 0.29), p=0.54, compared to the control group. The impact of RT compared to no intervention on 2hPP was not statistically significant (p=0.26). The network meta-analysis did not show statistical significance. Most of the studies presented an unclear risk of bias, and a low and very low-quality of evidence. According to the GRADE criteria, the strength of the body of evidence was low.
CONCLUSION
Resistance training and IT had demonstrated benefits on glycemic indices, especially on FPG, in a population with prediabetes. Further studies with larger sample sizes and a more robust methodology that compare different types of exercise modalities, frequencies, and durations, are needed to establish a beneficial exercise intervention.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=370688, identifier CRD42022370688.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Prediabetic State; Glycated Hemoglobin; Blood Glucose; Glycemic Control; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Exercise
PubMed: 37842295
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1233312 -
Pharmacological Research Jan 2023Recent studies have demonstrated the effect of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics on adiponectin and leptin levels; however, those findings remain contested. The... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
UNLABELLED
Recent studies have demonstrated the effect of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics on adiponectin and leptin levels; however, those findings remain contested. The present study aimed to explore the impact of probiotics/synbiotics on appetite-regulating hormones and the desire to eat.
METHODS
A systematic review was conducted by searching the Medline (PubMed) and Scopus databases from inception to December 2021, using relevant keywords and MeSH terms, and appropriate randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were extracted. The standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were calculated as part of the meta-analysis using a random-effect model to determine the mean effect sizes. Analysis of Galbraith plots and the Cochrane Chi-squared test were conducted to examine heterogeneity.
RESULTS
Meta-analysis of data from a total of 26 RCTs (n = 1536) showed a significant decrease in serum/plasma leptin concentration following probiotic/synbiotic supplementation (SMD: -0.38, 95%CI= -0.638, -0.124); P-value= 0.004; I= 69.4%; P heterogeneity < 0.001). The leptin level decrease from probiotic/synbiotic supplementation was higher in patients with NAFLD than those with overweight/obesity or type 2 diabetes mellitus/ metabolic syndrome/ prediabetes. Probiotic/synbiotic supplementation was associated with a trending increase in adiponectin levels, stronger in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and prediabetes (SMD: 0.25, 95%CI= 0.04, 0.46) µg/mL; P-value= 0.021; I = 16.8%; P heterogeneity= 0.30). Additionally, supplementation with probiotic/synbiotic was linked to a slight increase in desire to eat (SMD: 0.34, 95%CI= 0.03, 0.66) P-value = 0.030; I = 39.4%; P heterogeneity= 0.16).
CONCLUSION
Our meta-analysis indicates a favorable impact of probiotic/synbiotic supplementation on regulating leptin and adiponectin secretion.
Topics: Humans; Synbiotics; Leptin; Metabolic Syndrome; Prediabetic State; Adiponectin; Appetite; Probiotics; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
PubMed: 36538981
DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106614