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Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta. Gene... Feb 2021A wealth of biochemical and cellular data, accumulated over several years by multiple groups, has provided a great degree of insight into the molecular mechanisms of... (Review)
Review
A wealth of biochemical and cellular data, accumulated over several years by multiple groups, has provided a great degree of insight into the molecular mechanisms of actions of GCN5 and PCAF in gene activation. Studies of these lysine acetyltransferases (KATs) in vitro, in cultured cells, have revealed general mechanisms for their recruitment by sequence-specific binding factors and their molecular functions as transcriptional co-activators. Genetic studies indicate that GCN5 and PCAF are involved in multiple developmental processes in vertebrates, yet our understanding of their molecular functions in these contexts remains somewhat rudimentary. Understanding the functions of GCN5/PCAF in developmental processes provides clues to the roles of these KATs in disease states. Here we will review what is currently known about the developmental roles of GCN5 and PCAF, as well as emerging role of these KATs in oncogenesis.
Topics: Acetylation; Adaptive Immunity; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Carcinogenesis; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Survival; Disease Models, Animal; Embryonic Development; Embryonic Stem Cells; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Histone Acetyltransferases; Humans; Immunity, Innate; Lysine; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Mutation; Neoplasms; p300-CBP Transcription Factors
PubMed: 32730897
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2020.194609 -
Pathogens and Global Health Dec 2022Malaria and malnutrition are major public health problems in India, especially in the rural and tribal communities, and also remain primary causes of morbidity and...
Malaria and malnutrition are major public health problems in India, especially in the rural and tribal communities, and also remain primary causes of morbidity and mortality among children younger than five years. Both diseases are synergistic with each other. It is essential to have a better understanding of the intricate relationships between malnutrition and malaria to target interventions in areas where both diseases coexist. This article highlights the synergistic relationship between malnutrition and malaria, and how malnutrition and malaria play a significant role in disease severity and eventually hinder the elimination of these diseases by 2030. The government and several private sectors have made a substantial dent through various programmes and schemes. However, supplementing nutrition-sensitive measures, including easy accessibility to a healthy balanced diet, safe drinking water and improved sanitation, is necessary. Therefore, if India really aims to achieve its dream of disease elimination (malaria and all forms of malnutrition) by 2030, it is imperative that tribal regions are given more attention and all possible strategies are applied in the country's remotest corners.
Topics: Child; Humans; Malnutrition; Nutritional Status; Malaria; Sanitation; Disease Eradication; India
PubMed: 35818754
DOI: 10.1080/20477724.2022.2100190 -
Renal Failure Dec 2024The clinical characteristics, genetic mutation spectrum, treatment strategies and prognoses of 15 children with Dent disease were retrospectively analyzed to improve...
OBJECTIVE
The clinical characteristics, genetic mutation spectrum, treatment strategies and prognoses of 15 children with Dent disease were retrospectively analyzed to improve pediatricians' awareness of and attention to this disease.
METHODS
We analyzed the clinical and laboratory data of 15 Chinese children with Dent disease who were diagnosed and treated at our hospital between January 2017 and May 2023 and evaluated the expression of the and genes.
RESULTS
All 15 patients were male and complained of proteinuria, and the incidence of low-molecular-weight proteinuria (LMWP) was 100.0% in both Dent disease 1 (DD1) and Dent disease 2 (DD2) patients. The incidence of hypercalciuria was 58.3% (7/12) and 66.7% (2/3) in DD1 and DD2 patients, respectively. Nephrocalcinosis and nephrolithiasis were found in 16.7% (2/12) and 8.3% (1/12) of DD1 patients, respectively. Renal biopsy revealed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) in 1 patient, minimal change lesion in 5 patients, and small focal acute tubular injury in 1 patient. A total of 11 mutations in the gene were detected, including 3 missense mutations (25.0%, c.1756C > T, c.1166T > G, and c.1618G > A), 5 frameshift mutations (41.7%, c.407delT, c.1702_c.1703insC, c.137delC, c.665_666delGGinsC, and c.2200delG), and 3 nonsense mutations (25.0%, c.776G > A, c.1609C > T, and c.1152G > A). There was no significant difference in age or clinical phenotype among patients with different mutation types ( > 0.05). All three mutations in the gene were missense mutations (c.1477C > T, c.952C > T, and c.198A > G).
CONCLUSION
Pediatric Dent disease is often misdiagnosed. Protein electrophoresis and genetic testing can help to provide an early and correct diagnosis.
Topics: Humans; Male; Child; Chloride Channels; Retrospective Studies; Child, Preschool; China; Dent Disease; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; Mutation; Proteinuria; Adolescent; Hypercalciuria; Nephrocalcinosis; Nephrolithiasis; Infant; Genetic Testing; Genetic Diseases, X-Linked; Mutation, Missense; Female; Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental; Kidney; East Asian People
PubMed: 38726999
DOI: 10.1080/0886022X.2024.2349133 -
Gene Jul 2020Proteinuria is a well-known risk factor, not only for renal disorders, but also for several other problems such as cardiovascular diseases and overall mortality. In the... (Review)
Review
Proteinuria is a well-known risk factor, not only for renal disorders, but also for several other problems such as cardiovascular diseases and overall mortality. In the kidney, the chloride channel Cl/H exchanger ClC-5 encoded by the CLCN5 gene is actively involved in preventing protein loss. This action becomes evident in patients suffering from the rare proximal tubulopathy Dent disease because they carry a defective ClC-5 due to CLCN5 mutations. In fact, proteinuria is the distinctive clinical sign of Dent disease, and mainly involves the loss of low-molecular-weight proteins. The identification of CLCN5 disease-causing mutations has greatly improved our understanding of ClC-5 function and of the ClC-5-related physiological processes in the kidney. This review outlines current knowledge regarding the CLCN5 gene and its protein product, providing an update on ClC-5 function in tubular and glomerular cells, and focusing on its relationship with proteinuria and Dent disease.
Topics: Animals; Chloride Channels; Dent Disease; Endocytosis; Humans; Kidney; Mutation; Phenotype
PubMed: 32289351
DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144662 -
The Saudi Dental Journal Jul 2019
PubMed: 31337930
DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2019.05.002 -
British Dental Journal Feb 2021
Topics: COVID-19; Delivery of Health Care; Disease Outbreaks; England; Humans; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 33637896
DOI: 10.1038/s41415-021-2748-y -
JACC. CardioOncology Dec 2021Cancer patients and survivors have elevated cardiovascular risk when compared with noncancer patients. Cardio-oncology has emerged as a new subspecialty to comanage and... (Review)
Review
Cancer patients and survivors have elevated cardiovascular risk when compared with noncancer patients. Cardio-oncology has emerged as a new subspecialty to comanage and address cardiovascular complications in cancer patients such as heart failure, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), valvular heart disease, pericardial disease, and arrhythmias. Cardiac computed tomography (CT) can be helpful in identifying both clinical and subclinical ASCVD in cancer patients and survivors. Radiation therapy treatment planning CT scans and cancer staging/re-staging imaging studies can quantify calcium scores which can identify pre-existing subclinical ASCVD. Cardiac CT can be helpful in the evaluation of cardiac tumors and pericardial diseases, especially in patients who cannot tolerate or have a contraindication to cardiac magnetic resonance. In this review, we describe the optimal utilization of cardiac CT in cancer patients, including risk assessment for ASCVD and identification of cancer treatment-related cardiovascular toxicity.
PubMed: 34988472
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaccao.2021.09.010 -
Frontiers in Dentistry 2022The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic due to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has casted a deep impact on every aspect of the... (Review)
Review
The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic due to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has casted a deep impact on every aspect of the human life all over the world. The healthcare professionals dealing with the patients have been at the greatest risk of exposure. Dental practitioners fall among the highest risk practitioners because of their field of operation being around the oropharyngeal region of patients, as well as due to the risk of generation of aerosols during various dental procedures. There is a continuous urgent need of modifying the dental practice in accordance with the guidelines issued by the health authorities time to time. Meticulously planned approaches, and adequate precautions and modifications need to be introduced into dental practice. The field of orthodontics also demands a high level of practice modification in order to ensure proper infection control for patients, practitioners, and dental staff.
PubMed: 36458269
DOI: 10.18502/fid.v19i20.9966 -
Canadian Journal of Dental Hygiene :... Feb 2023The objective of this narrative review is to determine if periodontal disease is a factor in the development of a poor prognosis for COVID-19. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this narrative review is to determine if periodontal disease is a factor in the development of a poor prognosis for COVID-19.
METHOD
A bibliographic search was conducted in PubMed, Virtual Health Library, Google Scholar, and in the databases of Science Direct, Scopus, Lilacs, Bireme, Scielo, and Web of Science, using the following keywords: "COVID-19," "SARS-CoV-2," and "periodontal diseases."
RESULTS
Fifty-six records were retrieved from the database searches. After screening, 39 articles were selected for study: 13 reviews, 2 case-control studies, 1 systematic review, 8 letters to the editor, 2 cohort studies, 1 thesis, 7 hypotheses, 1 short communication, 3 commentaries, and 1 scoping review.
DISCUSSION
Both periodontal disease and COVID-19 produce an inflammatory response. This immune response generates an over-production of inflammatory cytokines that can harm overall health.
CONCLUSION
The mouth serves as the entryway for many microorganisms that can harm health in general, among them SARS-CoV-2. It is important to maintain good oral health to lower the inflammatory load present in periodontal disease, lessening the possibility of complications from COVID-19.
Topics: Humans; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Periodontal Diseases; Prognosis
PubMed: 36968799
DOI: No ID Found -
The Saudi Dental Journal Sep 2023The number of older people increases globally, so is the risk of cognitive impairment. Periodontal diseases are common among older adults with significant tooth loss and... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The number of older people increases globally, so is the risk of cognitive impairment. Periodontal diseases are common among older adults with significant tooth loss and periodontal problems. Thus, this review explored the periodontal disease conditions among individuals with and without dementia.
METHODS
Available databases such as Medline/Pubmed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library and Embase/OVID were used in the search. Case-control studies reporting on periodontal disease and dementia parameters were selected based on PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison and Outcomes) framework. A Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess the quality reporting of the studies and PRISMA guideline was used for screening.
RESULTS
A total of ten studies were identified for analysis. Most studies reported higher plaque index score (PI), bleeding on probing (BoP), pocket depth (PD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL) among individuals diagnosed with dementia or Alzheimer's disease compared with clinically healthy controls or individual diagnosed without dementia. A higher prevalence of subjects with severe periodontal disease was also observed in individuals diagnosed with dementia/Alzheimer's disease. The quality of the studies was found to be moderate with lower comparability and ascertainment criteria scores.
CONCLUSION
This qualitative analysis has shown poor periodontal health and increased inflammatory mediators in case groups compared to the control groups. Thus, more quality studies and novel intervention are warranted to reduce the impact of periodontal health on dementia globally.
PubMed: 37817782
DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2023.06.004