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Ugeskrift For Laeger Jan 2023In this case report, a four-week-old boy, who since birth had suffered from constipation and infantile colic, presented with seizures, myoclonic jerks and irritability...
In this case report, a four-week-old boy, who since birth had suffered from constipation and infantile colic, presented with seizures, myoclonic jerks and irritability after being fed with a herbal mixture of star anise the day prior to admission. Chinese star anise is a globally used spice and a herbal remedy for infantile colic. The quick recovery of the boy and normal paraclinical findings supported the assumption of star anise intoxication. The frequent use of complementary medicine in children warrants awareness to inform families of the potential dangers of this home remedy.
Topics: Male; Humans; Child; Illicium; Colic; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Seizures; Eating
PubMed: 36760188
DOI: No ID Found -
Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Jan 2020The pathogenesis of infant colic is poorly defined. Gut microbiota seems to be involved, supporting the potential therapeutic role of probiotics. (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
The pathogenesis of infant colic is poorly defined. Gut microbiota seems to be involved, supporting the potential therapeutic role of probiotics.
AIMS
To assess the rate of infants with a reduction of ≥50% of mean daily crying duration after 28 days of intervention with the probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12 (BB-12). Secondary outcomes were daily number of crying episodes, sleeping time, number of bowel movements and stool consistency.
METHODS
Randomized controlled trial (RCT) on otherwise healthy exclusively breastfed infants with infant colic randomly allocated to receive BB-12 (1 × 10 CFU/day) or placebo for 28 days. Gut microbiota structure and butyrate, beta-defensin-2 (HBD-2), cathelicidin (LL-37), secretory IgA (sIgA) and faecal calprotectin levels were assessed.
RESULTS
Eighty infants were randomised, 40/group. The rate of infants with reduction of ≥50% of mean daily crying duration was higher in infants treated with BB-12, starting from the end of 2nd week. No infant relapsed when treatment was stopped. The mean number of crying episodes decreased in both groups, but with a higher effect in BB-12 group (-4.7 ± 3.4 vs -2.3 ± 2.2, P < 0.05). Mean daily stool frequency decreased in both groups but the effect was significantly higher in the BB-12 group; stool consistency was similar between the two groups. An increase in Bifidobacterium abundance (with significant correlation with crying time reduction), butyrate and HBD-2, LL-37, sIgA levels associated with a decrease in faecal calprotectin level were observed in the BB-12 group.
CONCLUSIONS
Supplementation with BB-12 is effective in managing infant colic. The effect could derive from immune and non-immune mechanisms associated with a modulation of gut microbiota structure and function.
Topics: Bifidobacterium animalis; Breast Feeding; Colic; Crying; Defecation; Double-Blind Method; Feces; Female; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Infant; Infant Care; Male; Placebos; Probiotics; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 31797399
DOI: 10.1111/apt.15561 -
Nutrients Jan 2023About 1 in 4 infants comes forward with prolonged crying, agitation, or infant colic (IC) during the first three months of life and is referred for medical evaluation.... (Review)
Review
About 1 in 4 infants comes forward with prolonged crying, agitation, or infant colic (IC) during the first three months of life and is referred for medical evaluation. The pathogenesis remains poorly understood, as do its implications for future health. The aim of this narrative review was to critically examine and discuss the available literature on long-term consequences of excessive crying and/or colic. Most studies display an association between IC and the onset of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) years later, probably related to the presence of common etiopathogenetic factors (environmental, dietary, intestinal dysmotility, visceral hypersensitivity). Although allergic disease in first-degree relatives may be a risk factor for IC, the latter does not appear to be a risk factor for subsequent atopic disease in the individual. Overall, there seems to be a relationship between IC and subsequent headaches, of the migraine type. Similarly, behavioral problems in children with a history of IC appear to be associated with higher parental stress scores. However, the current evidence is based on associations, and currently, a causal relationship between excessive crying and IC and long-term consequences remains not documented.
Topics: Infant; Child; Humans; Colic; Risk Factors; Hypersensitivity; Migraine Disorders; Parents
PubMed: 36771322
DOI: 10.3390/nu15030615 -
Nutricion Hospitalaria Oct 2022Introduction: infantile colic has always been a problem for caregivers, and research on probiotics in treating and preventing infant colic is still controversial.... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Introduction: infantile colic has always been a problem for caregivers, and research on probiotics in treating and preventing infant colic is still controversial. Material and methods: trials were performed before November 2021 and retrieved from the PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, Medline, and Google Scholar databases. Data extraction and quality evaluation of the trials were performed independently by two investigators. A meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.3. It includes nine randomized controlled trials in 587 infants with colic. Results: eight of these experiments described probiotics for the prevention and treatment of intestinal colic in infants, with 228 in the probiotics group and 227 in the placebo group, with a total effective rate (RR = 1.88, 95 % CI: 1.61 to 2.19, p < 0.00001). Conclusion: probiotics may improve therapeutic and preventive effects, especially within four weeks of probiotic treatment.
Topics: Colic; Humans; Infant; Probiotics; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 36134592
DOI: 10.20960/nh.04011 -
Revista Da Associacao Medica Brasileira... 2023The aim of this study was to systematically review the colic and sleep outcomes of nonpharmacological intervention in infants with infantile colic and perform a... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to systematically review the colic and sleep outcomes of nonpharmacological intervention in infants with infantile colic and perform a meta-analysis of the available evidence.
METHODS
The literature review for this systematic review was conducted between December 2022 and January 2023 using five electronic databases, namely PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, and ULAKBİM. Published articles were scanned using MeSH-based keywords. Only randomized controlled trials conducted in the past 5 years were included. The data were analyzed using the Review Manager computer program.
RESULTS
This meta-analysis included three studies involving a total of 386 infantile colic infants. After nonpharmacological treatment, it was found that infants with infantile colic reduced crying time (standardized mean difference: 0.61; 95%CI 0.29-0.92; Z=3.79; p=0.00002), improved sleep duration (standardized mean difference: 0.22; 95%CI -0.04 to 0.48; Z=1.64; p=0.10), and decreased crying intensity (mean difference: -17.24; 95%CI -20.11 to 14.37; Z=11.77; p<0.000001).
CONCLUSION
According to the meta-analysis findings, it was determined that the risk of bias was low in the studies included and that nonpharmacological chiropractic, craniosacral, and acupuncture treatments applied to infantile colic infants in the three included studies reduced crying time and intensity and increased sleep duration.
Topics: Humans; Infant; Colic; Sleep; Sleep Duration; Databases, Factual
PubMed: 37222334
DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20230071 -
The British Journal of Surgery Aug 2022There is a lack of consensus in selecting patients who do or do not benefit from surgery when patients present with abdominal pain and gallbladder stones are present.... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
There is a lack of consensus in selecting patients who do or do not benefit from surgery when patients present with abdominal pain and gallbladder stones are present. This review aimed to give an overview of results from recent trials and available literature to improve treatment decisions in patients with uncomplicated cholecystolithiasis.
METHODS
First, an overview of different symptom criteria for laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patients with uncomplicated cholecystolithiasis is given, based on national and international guidelines. Second, treatment outcomes (absence of biliary colic, pain-free state, biliary and surgical complications) are summarized, with data from three clinical trials. Finally, personal advice for treatment decisions in patients with uncomplicated cholecystolithiasis is provided, based on recent trials, the available literature, and expert opinion.
RESULTS
This review describes different guidelines and criteria sets for uncomplicated cholecystolithiasis, provides an overview of outcomes after cholecystectomy, and advises on treatment decisions in patients with abdominal pain and gallbladder stones. After cholecystectomy, biliary colic is resolved in 95 per cent of patients. However, non-specific abdominal pain persists in 40 per cent. Irritable bowel syndrome and functional dyspepsia significantly increase the risk of persistent pain. Age, previous abdominal surgery, baseline pain score on a visual analogue scale, pain characteristics, nausea, and heartburn are part of the SUCCESS criteria, and are associated with clinically relevant pain reduction after gallbladder removal.
CONCLUSION
The surgical community can now give more personalized advice on surgery to improve care for patients with abdominal pain and uncomplicated cholecystolithiasis.
Topics: Abdominal Pain; Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic; Colic; Gallbladder Diseases; Gallstones; Humans; Prospective Studies
PubMed: 35640901
DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac154 -
Veterinary World 2023Colic is among the common health issues in equine health management. Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders are the most frequent causes of colic, but dysfunction of other...
BACKGROUND AND AIM
Colic is among the common health issues in equine health management. Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders are the most frequent causes of colic, but dysfunction of other organs and systems inside the abdominal cavity may also contribute. Therefore, it is crucial to identify risk factors for colic of specific etiologies. This study aimed to examine the incidence, risk factors, and best therapeutic management practices for horses with colic.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A cohort of 256 horses living in Lamongan, East Java, Indonesia, was randomly recruited based on reports of colic symptoms by owners. Diagnosis and treatment were then conducted with the help of owners. Symptom profiles, risk factors, and therapeutic management strategies were analyzed by Chi-square tests.
RESULTS
Of 256 horses enrolled, 217 (84%) were diagnosed with colic, of which 172 (79.3%) were cases of spasmodic colic, 33 (15.2%) of impaction colic, and 12 (5.5%) of intestinal obstruction/displacement. Male sex (χ = 16.27; p < 0.001), wheat bran feeding (χ = 15.49; p < 0.001), concentrate feed intake >5 kg/day (χ = 24.95; p < 0.001), no regular anthelmintic drug treatment (χ = 67.24; p < 0.001), GI parasite infection (χ = 65.11; p < 0.001), recurrent colic (χ = 91.09; p < 0.001), poor body condition score (χ = 71.81; p < 0.001), limited daily water access (χ = 127.92; p < 0.001), and indications of dental disease (χ = 9.03; p < 0.001) were identified as risk factors. The most effective therapies were gastric intubation (χ = 153.54; p < 0.001), Vitamin B complex injection (χ = 32.09; p < 0.001), fluid therapy (χ = 42.59; p < 0.001), and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug injection (NSAID).
CONCLUSION
Colic is highly prevalent among horses in Lamongan, East Java, Indonesia. Proper diet, workload management, regular access to clean drinking water, and dental care can reduce colic risk. Recommended therapies include NSAID injection without other analgesics or spasmolytics, fluid therapy, Vitamin B complex, and gastric intubation.
PubMed: 37621536
DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.1408-1414 -
Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic... May 2022Marijuana toxicosis is typically seen by companion animal veterinarians. However, with increased marijuana availability, there is a greater potential for toxicosis in...
Marijuana toxicosis is typically seen by companion animal veterinarians. However, with increased marijuana availability, there is a greater potential for toxicosis in other species. Herein we describe a case of suspected marijuana toxicosis in a female and a male American Mammoth donkey, aged 8 y and 20 y, respectively, fed cannabis buds. Both cases were presented because of depression and lethargy. However, the jenny had ataxia, mild colic, tachycardia, tachypnea, and decreased tongue tone. Plasma samples from the jenny on presentation and 3 d following hospitalization were submitted to the Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory to be screened for cannabinoids using high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectroscopy (HPLC-MS/MS). A single serum sample from the jack was taken on presentation and submitted to the Animal Health Diagnostic Center at Cornell University for Δ-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol analysis using HPLC-MS/MS. THC was detected in all samples. Clinical signs were noted 24-36 h after ingestion, which included mild-to-moderate neurologic deficits, mild colic, tachycardia, tachypnea, and decreased tongue tone. Both donkeys recovered uneventfully within 24 h of peak effects. Utilizing a cannabinoid screening assay in collaboration with a veterinary diagnostic laboratory may be useful when an equine practitioner suspects marijuana toxicosis in a patient.
Topics: Animals; Cannabinoids; Cannabis; Colic; Dronabinol; Equidae; Female; Horse Diseases; Horses; Humans; Male; Tachypnea; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; United States
PubMed: 35037522
DOI: 10.1177/10406387211064269 -
Open Veterinary Journal 2022The gut microbiome is a compound for millions of microorganisms that coexist in an organized way and contribute to the fermentation of different types of indigestible... (Review)
Review
The gut microbiome is a compound for millions of microorganisms that coexist in an organized way and contribute to the fermentation of different types of indigestible fibers by the small intestine. Some techniques, such as the massive sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene, have made it possible to obtain information about the abundance and functionality of the microorganisms that compose the equine gut microbiome and the interaction with their environment. Recent studies have identified the change in the composition of the intestinal microbiome during and after a colic episode, although is not clear if it is a cause or a consequence. The objective of this review was to elucidate whether there is a direct relationship between the changes that occur in the gut microbiome and colic in the equine. A systematized search in Embase, Web of Science, and PubMed was realized. Although there is good evidence that horses with colic have a change in their gut microbiome, it is not fully understood whether these changes are causes or effects. It is necessary to delve into this topic, considering studying larger population sizes. In addition, it would be of great value to previously know the normal intestinal microbiome of a group of healthy horses, which in the future could develop an episode of colic, to compare the before and after in the same individual.
Topics: Animals; Colic; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Horse Diseases; Horses; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 35603065
DOI: 10.5455/OVJ.2022.v12.i2.12