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Archivos Espanoles de Urologia Jan 2021Renoureteral colic (CRU) is the most common urological emergency, with a wide spectrum of severity that generates high morbidity and high health costs. However, there is...
INTRODUCTION
Renoureteral colic (CRU) is the most common urological emergency, with a wide spectrum of severity that generates high morbidity and high health costs. However, there is no homogeneous scheme of pharmacological treatment in its acutephase.
AIMS
The main objective of our work is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety profile of the different drugs used in the treatment of CCR and to propose a practical treatment scheme. The secondary objectives are to evaluate the role of fluid therapy in CRU and the treatment of CRU in pregnant women. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We have carried out a literature search on PubMed using the MeSH terms "renalcolic", "treatment", "anti-inflammatory drugs", "antiemeticdrugs", "fluid therapy" and "pregnant". The most relevant clinical trials, meta-analyses and systematic reviews published from 1 January 2005 to 15 September 2020 in Spanish, English and French were reviewed.
RESULTS
In the different studies reviewed, non-steroidalanti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) show better pain control, with lower rescue doses and fewer side effects than treatment with opioids. However, fluid therapy has failed to demonstrate an impact on the treatment of CRU.
CONCLUSIONS
The initial treatment for CRU is NSAIDs, reserving opioids for successive treatment lines. The control of vegetative cortex can be accomplished with Ondansetron as first choice.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Colic; Female; Humans; Pain; Pregnancy; Renal Colic
PubMed: 33459623
DOI: No ID Found -
Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) Aug 2023Acute abdominal pain (colic) is one of the major equine health threats worldwide and often necessitates intensive veterinary medical care and surgical intervention....
Acute abdominal pain (colic) is one of the major equine health threats worldwide and often necessitates intensive veterinary medical care and surgical intervention. Equine coronavirus (ECoV) infections can cause colic in horses but are rarely considered as a differential diagnosis. To determine the frequency of otherwise undetected ECoV infections in horses with acute colic, fresh fecal samples of 105 horses with acute colic and 36 healthy control horses were screened for viruses belonging to the species by RT-PCR as well as for gastrointestinal helminths and bacteria commonly associated with colic. Horses with colic excreted significantly fewer strongyle eggs than horses without colic. The prevalence of anaerobic, spore-forming, gram-positive bacteria ( and ) was significantly higher in the feces of horses with colic. Six horses with colic (5.7%) and one horse from the control group (2.8%) tested positive for Betacoronaviruses. Coronavirus-positive samples were sequenced to classify the virus by molecular phylogeny (N gene). Interestingly, in three out of six coronavirus-positive horses with colic, sequences closely related to bovine coronaviruses (BCoV) were found. The pathogenic potential of BCoV in horses remains unclear and warrants further investigation.
PubMed: 37624003
DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12081043 -
Systematic Reviews Nov 2019Infantile colic is a distressing condition characterised by excessive crying in the first few months of life. The aim of this research was to update the synthesis of... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Infantile colic is a distressing condition characterised by excessive crying in the first few months of life. The aim of this research was to update the synthesis of evidence of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) research literature on infantile colic and establish what evidence is currently available.
METHODS
Medline, Embase and AMED (via Ovid), Web of Science and Central via Cochrane library were searched from their inception to September 2018. Google Scholar and OpenGrey were searched for grey literature and PROSPERO for ongoing reviews. Published systematic reviews that included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of infants aged up to 1 year, diagnosed with infantile colic using standard diagnostic criteria, were eligible. Reviews of RCTs that assessed the effectiveness of any individual CAM therapy were included. Three reviewers were involved in data extraction and quality assessment using the AMSTAR-2 scale and risk of bias using the ROBIS tool.
RESULTS
Sixteen systematic reviews were identified. Probiotics, fennel extract and spinal manipulation show promise to alleviate symptoms of colic, although some concerns remain. Acupuncture and soy are currently not recommended. The majority of the reviews were assessed as having high or unclear risk of bias and low confidence in the findings.
CONCLUSION
There is clearly a need for larger and more methodologically sound RCTs to be conducted on the effectiveness of some CAM therapies for IC. Particular focus on probiotics in non-breastfed infants is pertinent.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
PROSPERO: CRD42018092966.
Topics: Humans; Infant; Colic; Complementary Therapies; Systematic Reviews as Topic
PubMed: 31711532
DOI: 10.1186/s13643-019-1191-5 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine Jun 2023Malabsorption is a consequence of gastric bypass (GB). GB increases the risk of kidney stone formation. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of a screening...
Malabsorption is a consequence of gastric bypass (GB). GB increases the risk of kidney stone formation. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of a screening questionnaire for assessing the risk of lithiasis in this population. We performed a monocentric retrospective study to evaluate a screening questionnaire administered to patients who underwent gastric bypass surgery between 2014 and 2015. Patients were asked to answer a questionnaire that included 22 questions divided into four parts: medical history, episodes of renal colic before and after bypass surgery, and eating habits. A total of 143 patients were included in the study, and the mean age of the patients was 49.1 ± 10.8 years. The time between gastric bypass surgery and the completion of the questionnaire was 50.75 ± 4.95 months. The prevalence of kidney stones in the study population was 19.6%. We found that with a score of ≥6, the sensitivity and specificity were 92.9% and 76.5%, respectively. Positive and negative predictive values were 49.1% and 97.8%, respectively. The ROC curve showed an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.932 ± 0.029 ( < 0.001). We developed a reliable and short questionnaire to identify patients at a high risk of kidney stones after gastric bypass. When the results of the questionnaire were equal to or greater than six, the patient was at a high risk of kidney stone formation. With a good predictive negative value, it could be used in daily practice to screen patients who have undergone gastric bypass and are at a high risk of renal lithiasis.
PubMed: 37373733
DOI: 10.3390/jcm12124040 -
Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic... Nov 2021A 14-y-old pony mare was referred after 30-d duration of intermittent pyrexia, anorexia, weight loss, and change in manure consistency. Physical examination revealed a...
A 14-y-old pony mare was referred after 30-d duration of intermittent pyrexia, anorexia, weight loss, and change in manure consistency. Physical examination revealed a palpable but reducible ventral abdominal mass. Transabdominal ultrasonography revealed multiple distended, hypomotile, and thickened small intestinal loops in close approximation with numerous, well-defined, hyperechoic masses. There was a large amount of echogenic peritoneal fluid; abdominocentesis revealed a neutrophilic and macrophagic inflammatory exudate, and a mixed bacterial population was cultured. Given the poor prognosis, the mare was euthanized. The autopsy findings included a large abdominal abscess, serosanguineous peritoneal fluid with fibrin strands, and ~50 outpouches communicating with the lumen and extending from the anti-mesenteric aspect of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. These structures were classified as pseudodiverticula based on the histologic absence of the tunica muscularis layer of the intestinal wall. Pseudodiverticula should be included as a differential etiology in horses when clinical signs consistent with colic, diarrhea, or weight loss are recognized and, when on examination, one or more organized masses are palpated or visualized on transabdominal ultrasound, as well as visualization of small intestinal loops with thickened walls.
Topics: Animals; Ascitic Fluid; Colic; Female; Horse Diseases; Horses; Intestine, Small; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 34293994
DOI: 10.1177/10406387211032001 -
Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem 2020to unveil the interrelation of childhood colic management by mothers and Family Health Strategy professional.
OBJECTIVE
to unveil the interrelation of childhood colic management by mothers and Family Health Strategy professional.
METHODS
a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive research carried out with 4 Family Health Strategy teams and 31 mothers who experienced childhood colic. Data collection included, respectively, focus group and individual unstructured interview. Symbolic Interactionism was adopted as the theoretical framework, and Narrative Research as methodological.
RESULTS
two themes emerged: "Colic approach" and "Social support and care". Professional childhood colic management is based on diagnosis and drug interventions. For mothers, the child's suffering and impotence in the face of the disease stand out.
FINAL CONSIDERATIONS
childhood colic is socially widespread because it is a physiological and self-limiting event. Mothers felt helpless in the face of childhood colic. Professionals felt the need to expand their care, with a view to achieving maternal suffering and alleviating it.
Topics: Child; Colic; Family Health; Female; Focus Groups; Humans; Male; Mothers; Social Support
PubMed: 33206853
DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0075 -
Frontiers in Veterinary Science 2021Acute abdominal pain in the horse is a common emergency presenting to equine practices. The wide variety of etiologies makes prognosticating survival a challenge. A...
Acute abdominal pain in the horse is a common emergency presenting to equine practices. The wide variety of etiologies makes prognosticating survival a challenge. A retrospective, multi-institutional clinical study was performed to determine clinical parameters associated with survival of horses with colic, and to use them to develop a colic survival scoring system. The scoring system was then validated using clinical data in the prospective portion of the study. Medical records from 67 horses presenting for acute abdominal pain were evaluated to develop the colic assessment score. Twenty eight variables were compared between survivors and non-survivors and entered into logistic regression models for survival. Of these, six variables were included in the colic assessment score. A total colic assessment score range was from 0 to 12, with the highest score representing the lowest probability of survival. The optimal cutoff value to predict survival was seven resulting in an 86% sensitivity and 64% specificity with a positive predictive value of 88% and a negative predictive value of 57%. Data from 95 horses presenting for abdominal pain to two equine hospitals was then collected prospectively to validate the colic assessment score. Horses from the prospective portion of the study that received a score >7 were classified as predicted to die and those with a score ≤7 were predicted to survive. The classification was compared to the actual outcome, of which the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of the colic assessment score were 84, 62, 88, and 52%, respectively.
PubMed: 34692803
DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.697589 -
Animals : An Open Access Journal From... Oct 2020All around the world, intestinal helminths constitute one of the most prevalent life-long occurring infections and re-infections affecting all horse age groups. A range...
All around the world, intestinal helminths constitute one of the most prevalent life-long occurring infections and re-infections affecting all horse age groups. A range of parasite species among strongyles, ascarids, and tapeworms is known to have the potential to cause colic in horses. However, there is a lack of current scientific evidence on the actual relevance of helminth infection levels in the context of colic in horses kept during prevailing epidemiological conditions. Thus, a prospective case-control study on the occurrence of intestinal helminths in a total of 620 mainly adult equine clinic patients was conducted to investigate the association between colic and helminth infection. For each horse, a range of copromicroscopic, serological, and clinical data was obtained, in addition to a questionnaire on relevant anamnestic data, including previous anthelmintic treatment and husbandry. Using a FLOTAC-based copromicroscopic diagnosis, the highest infection rates were seen for strongyles (41.8%), followed by and spp. (both 0.8%), with no significant difference between the two study groups. Employing a real-time PCR a 1.1% DNA prevalence was found. Considerably higher seroprevalences were observed using and ELISAs, with 32.3% and 10.7%, respectively. It was noteworthy that no association concerning either serologic status was encountered with colic status. The shedding of strongyle eggs was associated with a 1.8-times increased risk of seropositivity. Recent anthelmintic treatment was associated with the onset of colic, as animals who had received an anthelmintic during the previous week had a 2.4-times higher risk of signs of colic compared to those who had been treated at least eight weeks prior. Another noteworthy observation was that ponies were significantly less often affected by colic than warmbloods. The high and considerable seroprevalences encountered in this investigation should prompt veterinarians, farm managers, and horse owners to maintain consequent and effective worm control measures.
PubMed: 33086590
DOI: 10.3390/ani10101916 -
Microbiome Jul 2023Gut microbiota have a complex role on the survivability, digestive physiology, production, and growth performance in animals. Recent studies have emphasized the effects...
BACKGROUND
Gut microbiota have a complex role on the survivability, digestive physiology, production, and growth performance in animals. Recent studies have emphasized the effects of prebiotics therapy on the gut disease, but the relationship between elephant gut-related diseases and prebiotics remains elusive. Here, a case study was undertaken to evaluate the mechanism of inulin treatment in colic in Asian elephant (Elephas maximus Linnaeus).
METHODS
Fecal samples were collected from a sick elephant and four healthy elephants. Analysis of microbial profile was carried out by 16S rRNA sequencing, and the short chain fatty acids were tested by gas chromatography. The physiological function of "inulin-microbiota" of elephant was verified in mice by fecal microbial transplantation (FMT). The expression of related proteins was determined by Western blotting and qPCR.
RESULTS
(1) Eating inulin can cure gut colic of the sick elephant and changed gut microbiota. (2) It was found that "inulin microbiota" from the post-treatment elephants can promote the proliferation of intestinal cells, increase the utilization of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), maintain intestinal barrier, and reduce the inflammation in mice. (3) The mechanism was inulin-gut microbiota-SCFAs-immune barrier.
CONCLUSIONS
Inulin contributed to rehabilitate the gut microbiota and gut immune barrier of the elephant with colic. This provides reasonable verification for using prebiotics to treat the colic in captive elephants. Prebiotics will foresure play an increasingly important role in disease prevention and treatment of captive animals in the future. Video Abstract.
Topics: Animals; Mice; Inulin; Elephants; Prebiotics; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Colic; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Fatty Acids, Volatile
PubMed: 37408039
DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01581-3 -
International Journal of Environmental... Sep 2020The objective of the study was to characterize how infantile colic is perceived and managed by German and Polish pediatricians. Data in both countries were collected by...
The objective of the study was to characterize how infantile colic is perceived and managed by German and Polish pediatricians. Data in both countries were collected by using a paper questionnaire with seven questions and predefined and free text fields for the answers. Answers from 160 German and 133 Polish pediatricians were collected. The average of the occurrence rates estimated by both responder groups were at the higher end of published rates. The majority of pediatricians from both countries rated the parental burden caused by infantile colic to be high or very high. Pediatricians' awareness about the association between infantile colic and maternal depression and premature termination of breastfeeding is relatively well established in both countries. While more than 90% of German pediatricians stated knowledge of infantile colic being a major risk factor for shaken baby syndrome, this knowledge was only declared by half of the Polish responders. Pharmacological interventions, pro-/synbiotics or simethicone, are part of the treatment repertoire of nearly all responding pediatricians. In addition, non-pharmacological interventions (e.g., change of feeding, change of parental behavior) are also among the employed interventions. Results of this study will allow to better design and prioritize communication about infantile colic directed at pediatricians.
Topics: Breast Feeding; Colic; Germany; Humans; Infant; Pediatricians; Poland; Synbiotics
PubMed: 32992755
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197011