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Head and Neck Pathology Mar 2022The fifth chapter of the upcoming fifth edition of the 2022 World Health Organization Classification of Tumours of the Head and Neck titled Tumours of the oral cavity... (Review)
Review
The fifth chapter of the upcoming fifth edition of the 2022 World Health Organization Classification of Tumours of the Head and Neck titled Tumours of the oral cavity and mobile tongue, has had some modifications from the 2017 fourth edition. A new section "Non-neoplastic Lesions", introduces two new entries: necrotizing sialometaplasia and melanoacanthoma. The combined Oral potentially malignant disorders and Oral epithelial dysplasia section in the 2015 WHO has now been separated and submucous fibrosis and HPV-associated dysplasia are also discussed in separate sections. Carcinoma cuniculatum and verrucous carcinoma are described in dedicated sections, reflecting that the oral cavity is the most common location in the head and neck for both these entities which have distinct clinical and histologic features from conventional squamous cell carcinoma. This review summarizes the changes in Chapter 5 with special reference to new additions, deletions, and sections that reflect current clinical, histological, and molecular advances.
Topics: Acanthoma; Carcinoma, Verrucous; Humans; Mouth Neoplasms; Oral Submucous Fibrosis; Sialometaplasia, Necrotizing; Tongue; Tongue Neoplasms; World Health Organization
PubMed: 35312982
DOI: 10.1007/s12105-021-01402-9 -
Archives of Pathology & Laboratory... Jul 2019Histologic distinction between condyloma acuminatum and various benign and malignant condyloma-like lesions in the anogenital area poses a common diagnostic challenge to... (Review)
Review
CONTEXT.—
Histologic distinction between condyloma acuminatum and various benign and malignant condyloma-like lesions in the anogenital area poses a common diagnostic challenge to pathologists across subspecialties.
OBJECTIVE.—
To review the overlapping and distinguishing features of condyloma acuminatum and its mimics, and to clarify confusing terminology and diagnostic criteria for problematic entities.
DATA SOURCES.—
A review of the literature on condyloma acuminatum (ordinary and giant types), verrucous carcinoma, warty/warty-basaloid high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion and squamous cell carcinoma, papillary squamous cell carcinoma, bowenoid papulosis, verruca vulgaris, epidermolytic acanthoma, and verruciform xanthoma was performed.
CONCLUSIONS.—
Correct diagnosis of condyloma acuminatum and condyloma-like lesions has important clinical implication and entails familiarization with their clinical presentations and histopathologic features. Contrary to historical belief, giant condyloma acuminatum and verrucous carcinoma should be considered distinct entities based on different pathogenetic pathways. Ancillary tools available for identifying and genotyping human papillomavirus can aid in diagnosis when histopathologic findings are inconclusive. Recognition of relatively rare entities such as bowenoid papulosis, epidermolytic acanthoma, and verruciform xanthoma would avoid overdiagnosis and unnecessary, overaggressive treatment.
Topics: Condylomata Acuminata; Female; Genital Diseases, Female; Genital Diseases, Male; Humans; Male; Rectal Diseases
PubMed: 30203987
DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2018-0039-RA -
Dermatopathology (Basel, Switzerland) Aug 2020Degos and Civatte first described clear cell acanthoma (CCA) in 1962 and later in a review article found that, in most instances, the lesion was a solitary red-brown... (Review)
Review
Degos and Civatte first described clear cell acanthoma (CCA) in 1962 and later in a review article found that, in most instances, the lesion was a solitary red-brown dome-shaped papule that involved the distal lower extremity. The first morphologic variant of CCA was reported as a "giant form of the acanthoma of Degos" which measured 45 × 40 mm, about twice the size of the largest CCA documented earlier. Since then, many variants of CCA have been described, including polypoid, pigmented and atypical. Herein, we describe a new variant of CCA and add another example of the polypoid variant to the literature. The new variant exhibits cellular features of trichilemmoma but architecturally differs from it. We also attempt to broaden the list of CCA variants summarized by Tempark and Shwayder by adding ours and a few more examples of CCA. The new variants of CCA include verrucous, linear, subungual and trichilemmal.
PubMed: 32854184
DOI: 10.3390/dermatopathology7020005 -
World Journal of Clinical Cases Sep 2020Epidermolytic acanthoma (EA) is a rare benign skin lesion, usually found in the genital area of men and women, with epidermolytic hyperkeratosis as its distinguishing...
BACKGROUND
Epidermolytic acanthoma (EA) is a rare benign skin lesion, usually found in the genital area of men and women, with epidermolytic hyperkeratosis as its distinguishing histologic characteristic. It is commonly misdiagnosed as condyloma accuminatum, verruca, and seborrheic keratosis. Since this lesion is benign, treatment is not necessary. However, it is often misdiagnosed, and patients are likely to undergo incorrect counseling and unnecessary treatment, causing undue burden to the patient. This study seeks to increase awareness of this rare condition to prevent future misdiagnoses.
CASE SUMMARY
A 55-year-old man living with human immunodeficiency virus presented for anal cancer screening. His physical examination revealed a flesh colored papule at the anal margin. The initial differential diagnosis included molluscum contagiosum, anal condyloma, and basal cell carcinoma. The lesion was excised to obtain a definitive diagnosis and was discovered to be EA.
CONCLUSION
EA is often misdiagnosed due to its similarity to other dermatologic conditions. Careful examination and pathologic evaluation should be obtained to ensure proper diagnosis.
PubMed: 33024766
DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i18.4094 -
JAAD Case Reports May 2021
PubMed: 33912638
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2021.03.018 -
Indian Journal of Dermatology,... 2023
Topics: Humans; Acanthoma; Skin Neoplasms; Acantholysis
PubMed: 37317765
DOI: 10.25259/IJDVL_970_2022 -
Journal of Cutaneous Pathology Jun 2020Epidermolytic acanthoma (EA) is a rare acquired lesion demonstrating a characteristic histopathological pattern of epidermal degeneration referred to as epidermolytic...
BACKGROUND
Epidermolytic acanthoma (EA) is a rare acquired lesion demonstrating a characteristic histopathological pattern of epidermal degeneration referred to as epidermolytic hyperkeratosis (EHK). On histopathological analysis, EA appears nearly identical to inherited EHK-associated dermatoses such as epidermolytic ichthyosis and ichthyosis bullosa of Siemens. While it has been speculated that EA is caused by mutations in KRT10, KRT1, or KRT2 found in these inherited dermatoses, none have yet been identified. Herein, we aim to identify the contributions of keratin mutations to EA.
METHODS
Using genomic DNA extracted from paraffin-embedded samples from departmental archives, we evaluated a discovery cohort using whole-exome sequencing (WES) and assessed remaining samples using Sanger sequencing screening and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis.
RESULTS
DNA from 16/20 cases in our sample was of sufficient quality for polymerase chain reaction amplification. WES of genomic DNA from lesional tissue revealed KRT10 c.466C > T, p.Arg156Cys mutations in 2/3 samples submitted for examination. RFLP analysis of these samples as well as eight additional samples confirmed the mutations identified via WES and identified four additional cases with Arg156 mutations. In sum, 6/11 screened cases showed hotspot mutation in KRT10.
CONCLUSIONS
Hotspot mutations in the Arg156 position of KRT10, known to cause epidermolytic ichthyosis, also underlie EA.
Topics: Acanthoma; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Genomics; Humans; Hyperkeratosis, Epidermolytic; Ichthyosis Bullosa of Siemens; Keratin-10; Keratins; Male; Middle Aged; Mutation; Skin Neoplasms; Exome Sequencing
PubMed: 32045015
DOI: 10.1111/cup.13664