-
Deutsches Arzteblatt International Feb 2021E-scooter sharing systems were initiated in Hamburg in June 2019. The number of persons injured in Hamburg in e-scooter accidents rose thereafter. The goal of this study...
BACKGROUND
E-scooter sharing systems were initiated in Hamburg in June 2019. The number of persons injured in Hamburg in e-scooter accidents rose thereafter. The goal of this study was to determine the typical accident mechanisms and injury patterns after e-scooter accidents in Germany, and to compare these with bicycle accidents.
METHODS
In a retrospective study, accidents with e-scooters and bicycles that occurred from June 2019 to June 2020 were registered and analyzed with respect to demography, accident mechanisms, diagnostics, patterns of injury, emergency medical care, operations, and inpatient hospitalizations.
RESULTS
89 persons sustained e-scooter accidents (mean age 33.9 years, standard deviation [SD] 14 years); 435 persons who sustained bicycle accidents (mean age 42.5 years, SD 17 years) served as a comparison group. E-scooter accidents more commonly occurred at night (37% versus 14%), and 28% of the persons who sustained them were under the influence of alcohol (cyclists: 6%). 54% of the injured e-scooter riders suffered trauma to the head or face; 14% had a severe head injury and 16% had a severe facial injury. Fractures of the upper limbs were more common than fractures of the lower limbs (18% versus 6%). On initial assessment in the emergency room, injured cyclists were more frequently classified as needing immediate treatment than injured e-scooter riders (7% versus 1%).
CONCLUSION
The head, face, and upper limbs are the most commonly affected parts of the body in e-scooter accidents. Compared to bicycle accidents, e-scooter accidents more commonly occur on weekends and in association with alcohol. From a medical point of view, abstaining from alcohol consumption and wearing a helmet when using an e-scooter is strongly recommended.
Topics: Accidents; Accidents, Traffic; Adult; Craniocerebral Trauma; Germany; Head Protective Devices; Humans; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 33879309
DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.m2021.0019 -
Frontiers in Public Health 2022Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) have been employed widely in Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems training programs. However, it is...
INTRODUCTION
Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) have been employed widely in Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems training programs. However, it is necessary to investigate the influence and workers characteristics to ensure effectiveness. The study presents the relationship between demographic characterization and learning styles with the satisfaction and approval of a training course for teachers through virtual modality and the incidence in accident indicators of an educational institution.
METHODS
Analytical and longitudinal study. In 2019, 385 teachers participated in a virtual course on falls prevention. Learning styles were surveyed and records of teachers' entrance and approval of the course were consolidated. The evaluation of the course by teachers was reviewed and the behavior of accident frequency and severity indicators were analyzed comparing 2018 and 2019. To determine significant relationships, Cramer's was applied for learning styles and demographic characteristics with access and course approval. ANOVA was applied for the demographic variables and the evaluation given by teachers to the course. -test was used to compare the average values of the indicators for the period 2018-2019.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Statistical relationships were found between the predominant learning style and access ( < 0.01) and approval ( < 0.01). Educational level of the population with access ( < 0.05) and course approval ( < 0.01). In addition to the age range and the rating given to the methodology applied in the course ( < 0.05). No differences were found between the values of the indicators. By identifying significant relationships between learning styles and demographic characteristics of the working population and the use of virtual learning environments, it is important to continue researching the influence of workers' characteristics and didactic methodologies for the design of virtual learning environments that encourage workers to follow safe procedures during their work.
Topics: Humans; Accidents, Occupational; Longitudinal Studies; Education, Distance; Learning; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 36589935
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1006918 -
BMJ Military Health Jun 2021According to data released by the Korea National Statistical Office, the number of accidents has been decreasing since 2012. However, a considerable number of deaths...
INTRODUCTION
According to data released by the Korea National Statistical Office, the number of accidents has been decreasing since 2012. However, a considerable number of deaths related to safety accidents (23-46 deaths) are still reported annually. This study aimed to observe the correlation between accident prevention activities in the Republic of Korea (ROK) military and the incidence of safety accidents.
METHODS
The study used data from the 2014-2015 Military Health Survey and included 13 618 responses (Army: 8414 (61.8%); Navy/Marine: 2262 (16.6%); Air Force: 2942 (21.6%)) from the ROK military personnel. Accident experiences and thoughts on accident prevention activities were self-reported. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to examine the validity of accident prevention activity and accident experience.
RESULTS
Of the 13 618 military personnel who responded, 12.0% reported experiencing safety accidents in the military and 1020 (7.5%) felt that accident prevention activities in the military were insufficient. On logistic regression analysis, we found a significant difference (insufficiency OR=1.56, CI 1.31 to 1.86). In particular, military personnel who belong to the Army and Navy were more likely to think that accident prevention activities were insufficient. In addition, military personnel who experienced falls/slips, crash, and laceration/puncture wound/amputation/penetrating wound accidents were more likely to think accident prevention activities were insufficient.
CONCLUSIONS
Our study found that accident prevention activities in the military and accident experiences were related. It is necessary for the ROK Ministry of Defense, Army, Navy and Air Force headquarters to re-evaluate their accident prevention systems.
Topics: Accident Prevention; Adult; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Incidence; Logistic Models; Male; Middle Aged; Military Medicine; Preventive Medicine; Republic of Korea; Risk Factors; Self Report; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 34021066
DOI: 10.1136/jramc-2019-001279 -
BMC Public Health Jan 2024With the rapid development of China's chemical industry, although researchers have developed many methods in the field of chemical safety, the situation of chemical...
BACKGROUND
With the rapid development of China's chemical industry, although researchers have developed many methods in the field of chemical safety, the situation of chemical safety in China is still not optimistic. How to prevent accidents has always been the focus of scholars' attention.
METHODS
Based on the characteristics of chemical enterprises and the Heinrich accident triangle, this paper developed the organizational-level accident triangle, which divides accidents into group-level, unit-level, and workshop-level accidents. Based on 484 accident records of a large chemical enterprise in China, the Spearman correlation coefficient was used to analyze the rationality of accident classification and the occurrence rules of accidents at different levels. In addition, this paper used TF-IDF and K-means algorithms to extract keywords and perform text clustering analysis for accidents at different levels based on accident classification. The risk factors of each accident cluster were further analyzed, and improvement measures were proposed for the sample enterprises.
RESULTS
The results show that reducing unit-level accidents can prevent group-level accidents. The accidents of the sample enterprises are mainly personal injury accidents, production accidents, environmental pollution accidents, and quality accidents. The leading causes of personal injury accidents are employees' unsafe behaviors, such as poor safety awareness, non-standard operation, illegal operation, untimely communication, etc. The leading causes of production accidents, environmental pollution accidents, and quality accidents include the unsafe state of materials, such as equipment damage, pipeline leakage, short-circuiting, excessive fluctuation of process parameters, etc. CONCLUSION: Compared with the traditional accident classification method, the accident triangle proposed in this paper based on the organizational level dramatically reduces the differences between accidents, helps enterprises quickly identify risk factors, and prevents accidents. This method can effectively prevent accidents and provide helpful guidance for the safety management of chemical enterprises.
Topics: Humans; Accidents; Chemical Hazard Release; Environmental Pollution; Risk Factors; Safety Management
PubMed: 38166879
DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17510-w -
International Journal of Environmental... Feb 2022A metro collapse accident is the main type of metro construction accidents. How to scientifically analyze the key cause factors and their interaction coupling mechanism...
A metro collapse accident is the main type of metro construction accidents. How to scientifically analyze the key cause factors and their interaction coupling mechanism of the existing metro collapse accidents is crucial to reduce the occurrence of metro collapse. Based on the Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) and the Behavior security "2-4" Model (24Model), the FTA-24Model accident cause analysis framework was constructed by combing their respective characteristics. To be more specific, a logical analysis program was developed to analyze the accident causes by the four-module analysis method. An empirical study was carried out by taking the "12.1" major cave-in accident at the construction site of the Metro Line 11 in Guangzhou as an example. Compared with the case accident report, the FTA-24Model framework analysis method can not only systematically deduce the logical relationship between the accident causes and provides a panorama of the accident cause chain and its evolution process, but also identify the key causes of accidents and their coupling risk effects. For a metro construction accident, this method can not only effectively investigate the accident causes, but also provide a reference for the formulation of prevention strategies.
Topics: Accidents; Accidents, Occupational
PubMed: 35206287
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042102 -
Journal of Safety Research Feb 2024This study analyzes the relationship between measures of occupational accidents and workers' perception of risk in the workplace using nationally representative data on...
INTRODUCTION
This study analyzes the relationship between measures of occupational accidents and workers' perception of risk in the workplace using nationally representative data on workers' characteristics and a complete record of occupational accidents.
METHODS
Regression analyzes addressing both the ordinal nature of the dependent variable and causality were conducted to control for different sociodemographic factors influencing workers' perceptions of occupational risks. Special attention was paid to the risk level of the worker's workgroup, existence of family responsibilities, organizational safety culture, and measures of accident rates.
RESULTS
Individuals showed different perceptions of risk based on their personal and work characteristics. Significant associations were observed between each variable of interest and risk perception. Overall, the results remain robust across specifications addressing both simultaneity and ordinality.
CONCLUSIONS
Employees' "reading" of hazards was not fully aligned with objective information on occupational accidents but depended on individual characteristics. Having family responsibilities or being unionized increased workers' risk perception, whereas belonging to a workgroup with higher accident rates reduced it.
PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS
Knowing how workers perceive risk and how this perception deviates from statistical information on accidents are essential for management to accurately design safety measures. In this regard, specific characteristics such as age, having dependents in the family, or the typology of the workers' workgroup should be taken into account. Greater knowledge of preventive measures will improve the way workers perceive risk, and ultimately contribute to reducing the likelihood of occupational accidents.
Topics: Humans; Accidents, Occupational; Workplace; Causality; Safety Management; Self Concept; Occupational Health
PubMed: 38485356
DOI: 10.1016/j.jsr.2023.11.001 -
Ulusal Travma Ve Acil Cerrahi Dergisi =... Sep 2022This study was aimed to evaluate the injury characteristics, causes, results, and hospital charges in cases of occupational accidents that were reported to judicial...
BACKGROUND
This study was aimed to evaluate the injury characteristics, causes, results, and hospital charges in cases of occupational accidents that were reported to judicial authorities using trauma scores.
METHODS
The study was performed after obtaining permission from the judicial authorities and approval from the local ethics committee. All occupational accident cases that were reported to the judicial authorities in Bolu Province between 2015 and 2019 were included in the study. The groups were compared with the Chi-Square test, Mann-Whitney U Test, and the Kruskal-Wallis Test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
RESULTS
This study included 3599 cases. The majority of the cases (74.70%) were male, with a mean age of 34.90±10.50 years. Occupational accidents occurred most frequently between 8 and 16 h (n=1982; 55.10%), on Friday (n=595, 16.53%), in April (n=356; 9.89%), and in spring (n=971; 26.98%). Occupational accident-related death occurred in 29 cases (0.8%). The most common injury due to occupational accidents occurred in the food industry (n=1256, 34.90%). Blunt object injury (n=1112, 30.90%) was the most common type of occupational accident; and the upper extremity (n=2049, 54.93%) was the most common injury localization. The mean Abbreviated Injury Scale of the cases was 0.94±0.74, the mean Injury Severity Score (ISS) was 1.79±4.47, and the mean New-Injury Severity Score (NISS) was 2.11±5.28. The means of ISS and NISS were statistically significantly higher for males, life-threatening injuries, work accidents in the Construction and Agriculture-Forestry sectors, fall from height, traffic accidents, and caught-in-machinery. The total hospital charge was 1,351,339.10 TL and its average was 380.30±2418.90 TL. The mean of treatment costs was significantly higher in the agriculture-forestry and construction sectors.
CONCLUSION
The evaluation of all occupational accidents that are submitted to the jurisdiction on a provincial basis may provide more useful information in the prevention of work accidents. The use of trauma scores in the evaluation of occupational accidents is a useful argument for understanding the sectors and injury types that cause severe trauma. Furthermore, trauma scores may be an important predictor of hospital costs.
Topics: Accidental Falls; Accidents, Occupational; Accidents, Traffic; Adult; Female; Humans; Injury Severity Score; Male; Middle Aged; Wounds and Injuries; Wounds, Nonpenetrating; Young Adult
PubMed: 36043915
DOI: 10.14744/tjtes.2022.22796 -
International Journal of Environmental... Dec 2022With increasing numbers of crashes and injuries, understanding traffic accident spatial patterns and identifying blackspots is critical to improve overall road safety....
With increasing numbers of crashes and injuries, understanding traffic accident spatial patterns and identifying blackspots is critical to improve overall road safety. This study aims at detecting blackspots using optimized hot spot analysis (OHSA). Traffic accidents were classified by their participants and severity to explore the relationship between blackspots and different types of accidents. Based on the outputs of incremental spatial autocorrelation, OHSA was then implemented on different types of accidents. Finally, the performance of OHSA in evaluating the road safety level of the proposed RBT index are examined using a binary correlation analysis (i.e., R = 0.89). The results show that: (1) The optimal scale distance varies from 0.6 km to 2.8 km and is influenced by the distance of the travel mode. (2) Central cities, with 54.6% of the total accidents, experiences more rigorous challenges regarding traffic safety than satellite cities. (3) There are many types of black spots in vulnerable communities, but in some specific areas, there are only black spots of non-motor vehicle accidents. Considering the practical significance of the above results, policy makers and traffic engineers are expected to give higher attention to central cities and vulnerable communities or prioritize the implementation of relevant optimization measures.
Topics: Humans; Accidents, Traffic; Cities; Travel; Urbanization; Spatial Analysis
PubMed: 36554851
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416970 -
Accident; Analysis and Prevention May 2021Countries scoring high on the Democracy Index developed by The Economist Intelligence Unit have fewer traffic fatalities per 100,000 inhabitants than countries scoring...
Countries scoring high on the Democracy Index developed by The Economist Intelligence Unit have fewer traffic fatalities per 100,000 inhabitants than countries scoring low on this index. The statistical relationship between democracy score and fatalities per 100,000 inhabitants is statistically highly significant and robust with respect to control for potentially confounding factors. A similar relationship exists between democracy score and the number of traffic fatalities per 100,000 motor vehicles. The statistical relationship between level of democracy and level of road safety is strong, although the analyses reported in this paper do not justify a causal interpretation of the relationship. Changes over time in government effectiveness (one of the indicators of the World Governance Index developed by the World Bank) are weakly associated with changes in road safety performance.
Topics: Accidents, Traffic; Democracy; Humans; Motor Vehicles; Safety
PubMed: 33691228
DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2021.106067 -
Forensic Science International Jun 2024Bicycles are employed as means of transportation across various age groups, from young students to the elderly, for work, education, health, and leisure trips. Despite... (Review)
Review
Bicycles are employed as means of transportation across various age groups, from young students to the elderly, for work, education, health, and leisure trips. Despite not achieving high speeds, bicyclists remain vulnerable to severe and even fatal injuries when they are involved in traffic accidents. Although the rising awareness of ecological issues and traffic law enforcement mean that cyclists are increasingly susceptible to road traffic crashes and injuries. Injuries resulting from a traffic accident involving cyclists can show distinct and specific characteristics depending on the manner of occurrence. The aim of this study is to provide a systematic review of the literature on injuries sustained in cyclists involved in road accidents describing and analysing elements useful for forensic assessment. The literature search was performed using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science from January 1970 to March 2023. Eligible studies have investigated issues of interest to forensic medicine about traffic accidents involving bicycles. A total of 128 studies satisfied the inclusion criteria and were categorized and analyzed according to the anatomical regions of the body affected (head, neck, thoraco-abdominal, and limb injuries), and the assessment of lesions in reconstruction of the bicycle accident was examined and discussed. This review highlights that injuries resulting from a traffic accident involving cyclists can show distinct and specific characteristics depending on the manner of occurrence and the energy levels involved in the crash. The assessment of injuries offers valuable insights that integrated with circumstantial and engineering data perform the reconstruction of accident dynamics.
Topics: Humans; Bicycling; Accidents, Traffic; Wounds and Injuries
PubMed: 38677158
DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2024.112027