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Journal of Global Antimicrobial... Dec 2022A recent occurrence of carbapenemase-producing Acinetobacter ursingii was reported in the Netherlands and comprised three unrelated strains carrying the bla and bla...
OBJECTIVES
A recent occurrence of carbapenemase-producing Acinetobacter ursingii was reported in the Netherlands and comprised three unrelated strains carrying the bla and bla encoding genes. The objective was to investigate a putative common source of the carbapenemase resistance genes and plasmids in these A. ursingii strains.
METHODS
Hybrid assembly of short-read and long-read sequencing data was performed using Unicycler and assembled genomes were analysed by ResFinder and PlasmidFinder.
RESULTS
Hybrid assemblies of A. ursingii genomes yielded a circular chromosome, a large plasmid harboring bla and bla genes (sizes 259-317kb), and four to five other smaller plasmids. ResFinder analyses revealed 16 other acquired resistance genes on the plasmids carrying the bla and bla genes. These 18 genes encode resistance towards eight antibiotic classes. The smaller plasmids did not carry acquired resistance genes. Comparative analysis showed that the three bla/bla plasmids were similar (61%-83%) and shared 13 to 17 of the 18 resistance genes. BLAST analysis showed that the bla/bla plasmids were not reported before. However, a close match with a 399 kb plasmid from Acinetobacter johnsonii was found (99% similarity, 80% coverage). This A. johnsonii plasmid contains the bla gene, but lacks bla, and it shares eight other resistance genes with those present on the A. ursingii bla/bla plasmids.
CONCLUSION
Three bla/bla-carrying plasmids were characterized in three carbapenemase-producing A. ursingii strains. The plasmids were highly similar, suggesting a putative common source or co-selection of resistance genes from A. johnsonii. These results provide initial insights in the dissemination of carbapenem-resistance in A. ursingii in the Netherlands.
Topics: Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Netherlands; Plasmids; beta-Lactamases
PubMed: 36184039
DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2022.09.006 -
The Pan African Medical Journal 2021Acinetobacter ursingii is an anaerobic gram negative opportunistic coccobacillus, rarely isolated in bacteremic patients. It is mainly found in immunocompromised and... (Review)
Review
Acinetobacter ursingii is an anaerobic gram negative opportunistic coccobacillus, rarely isolated in bacteremic patients. It is mainly found in immunocompromised and severely ill patients with no identifiable source of infection. When isolated into the bloodstream, it usually displays resistance to at least two antimicrobial agents. To date only seven cases of bacteremia due to this microorganism have been reported in adults, of which, this accounts for the second one associated to renal replacement therapy and the first case of a documented catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) in a patient with a hemodialysis catheter. A 78-year-old male presented into the emergency department with acute kidney injury requiring hemodialysis, later developing bacteremia due to Acinetobacter ursingii.
Topics: Acinetobacter; Acinetobacter Infections; Acute Kidney Injury; Aged; Bacteremia; Catheter-Related Infections; Humans; Male; Renal Dialysis
PubMed: 34603589
DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2021.39.208.30565 -
FEMS Microbiology Letters May 2022Blood is precious tissue that is normally sterile. With the aim of diagnosing the cause of bacteremia, three bacterial strains were isolated from three different...
Blood is precious tissue that is normally sterile. With the aim of diagnosing the cause of bacteremia, three bacterial strains were isolated from three different individuals. Strains Marseille-P7157T and Marseille-Q2854T are Gram-stain positive, non-spore-forming rod-shaped bacteria, while strain Marseille-P8049T is a Gram-stain negative, motile, non-spore-forming and rod-shaped bacterium. The major fatty acids found (>30%) were hexadecanoic acid for strain Marseille-P8049T and 12-methyl tetradecanoic acid for both strains Marseille-P7157T and Marseille-P2854T. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis shows that strains Marseille-P8049 and Marseille-Q2854T have sequence similarity of 96.8%, 99.04%, and 98.3% with Acinetobacter ursingii strain LUH3792 (NR_025392.1), Gulosibacter faecalis strain B187 (NR_041812.1), and Schaalia canis strain CCUG 41706 (NR_025366.1), respectively. In addition, strains Marseille-Q2854T, Marseille-P8049T and Marseille-P7157T shared with their closely related species cited above the following DDH values: 19.5%, 24.4%, and 20.2%, respectively. Based on these phenotypic and genomic findings, we consider that strains Marseille-P8049T (= CSUR P8049 = CECT 30350), Marseille-P2854T ( = CSUR Q2854 = CECT 30120) and Marseille-P7157T ( = CSUR P7157 = CECT 30048) are new bacterial species, for which the names Acinetobacter ihumii sp. nov., Microbacterium ihumii sp. nov., and Gulosibacter massiliensis sp. nov., are proposed.
Topics: Acinetobacter; Actinomycetales; Bacterial Typing Techniques; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Humans; Microbacterium; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 35460225
DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnac038 -
Journal of Proteome Research Feb 2021In this Letter, we reanalyze published mass spectrometry data sets of clinical samples with a focus on determining the coinfection status of individuals infected with...
In this Letter, we reanalyze published mass spectrometry data sets of clinical samples with a focus on determining the coinfection status of individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. We demonstrate the use of ComPIL 2.0 software along with a metaproteomics workflow within the Galaxy platform to detect cohabitating potential pathogens in COVID-19 patients using mass spectrometry-based analysis. From a sample collected from gargling solutions, we detected (opportunistic and multidrug-resistant pathogen) and (a probiotic component) along with SARS-Cov-2. We could also detect . Bc-h from COVID-19 positive samples and and from COVID-19 negative samples collected from oro- and nasopharyngeal samples. We believe that the early detection and characterization of coinfections by using metaproteomics from COVID-19 patients will potentially impact the diagnosis and treatment of patients affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Topics: Acinetobacter; Bacterial Infections; COVID-19; Coinfection; Humans; Mass Spectrometry; Nasopharynx; Proteomics; Pseudomonas; SARS-CoV-2; Streptococcus pneumoniae
PubMed: 33393790
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00822 -
Journal of Insect Science (Online) Jul 2021The gut microbiota of insects usually plays an important role in the development and reproduction of their hosts. The fecundity of Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata...
The gut microbiota of insects usually plays an important role in the development and reproduction of their hosts. The fecundity of Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata (Fabricius) varies greatly when they develop on different host plants. Whether and how the gut microbiota regulates the fecundity of H. vigintioctopunctata was unknown. To address this question, we used 16S rRNA sequencing to analyze the gut microbiomes of H. vigintioctopunctata adults fed on two host plant species (Solanum nigrum and Solanum melongena) and one artificial diet. The development of the ovaries and testes was also examined. Our results revealed that the diversity and abundance of gut microorganisms varied significantly in insects reared on different diets. The gut microbiota of H. vigintioctopunctata raised on the two host plants was similar, with Proteobacteria being the dominant phylum in both groups, whereas Firmicutes was the dominant phylum in the group reared on the artificial diet. The predominant microbiota in the S. nigrum group were Acinetobacter soli and Acinetobacter ursingii (Acinetobacter, Moraxellaceae); Moraxella osloensis (Enhydrobacter, Moraxellaceae); and Empedobacter brevis (Empedobacter, Weeksellaceae). The microbiota in this group are associated with high lipid metabolism. In addition, the beetles' ovaries and testes were more highly developed in the S. nigrum group than in the other two groups. These findings provide valuable information for elucidating the complex roles the gut microbiota play in the fecundity of H. vigintioctopunctata, and may also contribute to developing future novel control strategies involving this economically important pest.
Topics: Animals; Bacteria; Coleoptera; DNA, Bacterial; Diet; Female; Fertility; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Lipid Metabolism; Male; Metagenomics; Ovary; Pest Control; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Testis
PubMed: 34415303
DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/ieab061 -
Journal of Global Antimicrobial... Dec 2020The aim of this study was to identify Acinetobacter spp. strains from paediatric patients, to determine their genetic relationship, to detect antibiotic resistance genes...
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to identify Acinetobacter spp. strains from paediatric patients, to determine their genetic relationship, to detect antibiotic resistance genes and to evaluate the role of efflux pumps in antibiotic resistance.
METHODS
A total of 54 non-duplicate, non-consecutive Acinetobacter spp. isolates were collected from paediatric patients. Their genetic relationship, antibiotic resistance profile, efflux pump activity, antibiotic resistance genes and plasmid profile were determined.
RESULTS
The isolates were identified as 24 Acinetobacter haemolyticus, 24 Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii (Acb) complex and 1 strain each of Acinetobacter junii, Acinetobacter radioresistens, Acinetobacter indicus, Acinetobacter lwoffii, Acinetobacter ursingii and Acinetobacter venetianus. The 24 A. haemolyticus were considered genetically unrelated. One strain was resistant to carbapenems, two to cephalosporins, two to ciprofloxacin and sixteen to aminoglycosides. The antibiotic resistance genes bla (29%), bla (4%), bla (8%), bla (29%), bla (4%), aac(6')-Ig (38%) and the novel variants bla (13%), bla (75%), aac(6')-Iga (4%), aac(6')-Igb (13%) and aac(6')-Igc (42%) were detected. Among 24 Acb complex, 5 were multidrug-resistant, carbapenem-resistant strains carrying bla and bla; they were genetically related and had the same plasmid profile. Other species were susceptible. In some strains of A. haemolyticus and Acb complex, the role of RND efflux pumps was evidenced by a decrease in the MICs for cefotaxime, amikacin and ciprofloxacin in the presence of an efflux pump inhibitor.
CONCLUSIONS
This study identified isolates of A. haemolyticus carrying new β-lactamase variants and shows for the first time the contribution of efflux pumps to antibiotic resistance in this species.
Topics: Acinetobacter; Acinetobacter Infections; Acinetobacter baumannii; Child; Hospitals, Pediatric; Humans; Mexico
PubMed: 32916332
DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2020.08.014 -
BMJ Case Reports Oct 2019The authors report a case of a premature male newborn admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit after an emergent caesarean due to maternal pre-eclampsia and foetal...
The authors report a case of a premature male newborn admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit after an emergent caesarean due to maternal pre-eclampsia and foetal bradycardia at 32 weeks of gestational age and birth weight of 1440 g. There were no infection risk factors reported. On day 3 his clinical condition deteriorated, with tachycardia and subfebrile temperature and C-reactive protein at 1.25 mg/dL. Empirical antibiotics (flucloxacillin and gentamicin) were started, with no clinical improvement and C-reactive protein increasing to a maximum of 19 mg/dL (upper normal level of 1 mg/dL) after 3 days. Blood cultures from the third to the eighth day of life were positive for Targeted therapy was administered for 14 days with clinical and laboratorial improvement and he was discharged on the 28th day of life without any known sequelae. is emerging as an infectious agent of late-onset sepsis in immunosuppressed neonates.
Topics: Acinetobacter; Amikacin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Central Venous Catheters; Colistin; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Infant, Very Low Birth Weight; Male; Neonatal Sepsis; Parenteral Nutrition; Placenta; Pregnancy; Risk Factors
PubMed: 31645397
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2019-230779 -
Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection... Mar 2020For residents of long-term care facilities (LTCFs), antimicrobial-resistant bacteria (ARB) are a risk factor, yet their oral colonisation, potentially leading to...
BACKGROUND
For residents of long-term care facilities (LTCFs), antimicrobial-resistant bacteria (ARB) are a risk factor, yet their oral colonisation, potentially leading to aspiration pneumonia, remains unclear. This study was undertaken to survey the prevalence, phenotypic characteristics, and molecular epidemiology of antimicrobial-resistant Gram-negative bacteria in the oral cavity of LTCF residents, and to analyse the risk factors for such carriers.
METHODS
This study involved 98 residents of a LTCF in Hiroshima City, Japan, aged between 55 and 101 years. Oropharyngeal swabs were collected and plated on screening media for ESBL-producing and carbapenem-resistant bacteria; isolates were identified and tested for antibiotic susceptibility; biofilm formation was tested in vitro; identification of epidemic clones were pre-determined by PCR; resistance genes, sequence types, and whole-genome comparison of strains were conducted using draft genome sequences. Demographic data and clinical characterisations were collected and risk factors analysed.
RESULTS
Fifty-four strains from 38% of the residents grew on screening media and comprised predominantly of Acinetobacter spp. (35%), Enterobacteriaceae spp. (22%), and Pseudomonas spp. (19%). All Escherichia coli isolates carried CTX-M-9 group and belonged to the phylogroup B2, O25:H4 ST131 fimH30 lineage. Six Acinetobacter baumannii isolates presented identical molecular characteristics and revealed more biofilm production than the others, strongly suggesting their clonal lineage. One Acinetobacter ursingii isolate displayed extensive resistance to various ß-lactams due to multiple acquired resistance genes. One Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate showed exceptional resistance to all ß-lactams including carbapenems, aminoglycosides, and a new quinolone, showing a multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDRP) phenotype and remarkable biofilm formation. Genome sequence analysis revealed this isolate was the bla-positive clone ST235 in Japan. Strokes (cerebral infarction or cerebral haemorrhage) and percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tubes were recognised as risk factors for oral colonisation by ARB in the LTCF residents.
CONCLUSIONS
ARB, as defined by growth on screening agar plates, which carried mobile resistance genes or elements or conferred high biofilm formation, were already prevalent in the oral cavity of LTCF residents. Health-care workers involved in oral care should be aware of antimicrobial resistance and pay special attention to transmission prevention and infection control measures to diminish ARB or mobile resistance elements dissemination in LTCFs.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Female; Genome, Bacterial; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Japan; Long-Term Care; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Molecular Epidemiology; Mouth; Pharynx; Phylogeny; Prevalence; Whole Genome Sequencing
PubMed: 32131899
DOI: 10.1186/s13756-020-0705-1 -
Journal of Microbiology, Immunology,... Dec 2019Acinetobacter is an aerobic, gram-negative coccobacillus, which causes nosocomial infections including bacteremia. Recent development of molecular techniques has made... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
The clinical characteristics of Acinetobacter bacteremia differ among genomospecies: A hospital-based retrospective comparative analysis of genotypically identified strains.
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE
Acinetobacter is an aerobic, gram-negative coccobacillus, which causes nosocomial infections including bacteremia. Recent development of molecular techniques has made classification of the Acinetobacter genomospecies possible, but there are still only a few studies comparing clinical features of the subspecies. We investigated bacteremia caused by Acinetobacter, isolated subspecies, and compared clinical features for each group.
METHODS
A retrospective analysis of Acinetobacter bacteremia cases was made in a 900-bed hospital in Japan. In addition to conventional procedures, subspecies identification based on rpoB sequence was made, and comparison of clinical characteristics between each subspecies were analyzed.
RESULTS
We collected 35 cases (Acinetobacter baumannii 14, A. nosocomialis 12, Acinetobacter ursingii 6, and A. seifertii 3). All of the A. seifertii bacteremia cases were blood stream infection occurring in cerebrovascular disease patients, showing particularly higher incidence of shock (100%) and high Pitt bacteremia score (PBS) (6.33 ± 2.52) in comparison to A. baumannii (43% and 2.86 ± 2.25, respectively). Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score and the PBS were slightly higher in A. nosocomialis in comparison to A. baumannii, and the 7 day mortality rate was higher in A. nosocomialis (25%) than in A. baumannii (7%), though this difference was not found to be significant.
CONCLUSIONS
A.seifertii, the recently defined novel species, showed distinctive clinical features of bacteremia. And, in contrast to previous studies, the severity of A. nosocomialis infection was not lower than that of A. baumannii, which might suggest the influence of local epidemiology. Further characterization of these subspecies should be continued.
Topics: Acinetobacter; Acinetobacter Infections; Acinetobacter baumannii; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteremia; Bacterial Proteins; Cross Infection; Female; Genotype; Hospitals; Humans; Japan; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Young Adult
PubMed: 31813733
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2019.09.007 -
The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal Mar 2020
Topics: Acinetobacter; Acinetobacter Infections; Communicable Diseases, Emerging; Critical Care; Cross Infection; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Intensive Care, Neonatal; Premature Birth; Spain
PubMed: 32032315
DOI: 10.1097/INF.0000000000002562