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Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) Oct 2020This study aims to investigate and assess salivary biomarkers and microbial profiles as a means of diagnosing periodontitis. A total of 121 subjects were included: 28...
This study aims to investigate and assess salivary biomarkers and microbial profiles as a means of diagnosing periodontitis. A total of 121 subjects were included: 28 periodontally healthy subjects, 24 with Stage I periodontitis, 24 with Stage II, 23 with Stage III, and 22 with Stage IV. Salivary proteins (including active matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8), pro-MMP-8, total MMP-8, C-reactive protein, secretory immunoglobulin A) and planktonic bacteria (including , , , , , , , , , , , , , , and ) were measured from salivary samples. The performance of the diagnostic models was assessed by receiver operating characteristics (ROCs) and area under the ROC curve (AUC) analysis. The diagnostic models were constructed based on the subjects' proteins and/or microbial profiles, resulting in two potential diagnosis models that achieved better diagnostic powers, with an AUC value > 0.750 for the diagnosis of Stages II, III, and IV periodontitis (Model PA-I; AUC: 0.796, sensitivity: 0.754, specificity: 0.712) and for the diagnosis of Stages III and IV periodontitis (Model PA-II; AUC: 0.796, sensitivity: 0.756, specificity: 0.868). This study can contribute to screening for periodontitis based on salivary biomarkers.
PubMed: 33066545
DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10100820 -
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Aug 2020Dental caries is the most common disease in the human mouth. is the primary cariogenic bacterium. Propolis is a nontoxic natural product with a strong inhibitory effect...
Dental caries is the most common disease in the human mouth. is the primary cariogenic bacterium. Propolis is a nontoxic natural product with a strong inhibitory effect on oral cariogenic bacteria. The polyphenol-rich extract from propolis inhibits growth and biofilm formation, as well as the genes involved in virulence and adherence, through the inhibition of glucosyltransferases (GTF). However, because the chemical composition of propolis is highly variable and complex, the mechanism of its antimicrobial action and the active compound are controversial and not completely understood. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is abundant in the polyphenolic compounds from propolis, and it has many pharmacological effects. In this study, we investigated the antibacterial effects of CAPE on common oral cariogenic bacteria (, , , and ) and its effects on the biofilm-forming and cariogenic abilities of CAPE shows remarkable antimicrobial activity against cariogenic bacteria. Moreover, CAPE also inhibits the formation of biofilms and their metabolic activity in mature biofilms. Furthermore, CAPE can inhibit the key virulence factors of associated with cariogenicity, including acid production, acid tolerance, and the bacterium's ability to produce extracellular polysaccharides (EPS), without affecting bacterial viability at subinhibitory levels. In conclusion, CAPE appears to be a new agent with anticariogenic potential, not only via inhibition of the growth of cariogenic bacteria.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Biofilms; Caffeic Acids; Dental Caries; Humans; Phenylethyl Alcohol; Streptococcus mutans
PubMed: 32540977
DOI: 10.1128/AAC.00251-20 -
Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao = Journal... Jul 2019To construct antimicrobial peptides with potent antimicrobial activity, low cytotoxicity and efficient killing rate of for prevention and treatment of dental caries.
OBJECTIVE
To construct antimicrobial peptides with potent antimicrobial activity, low cytotoxicity and efficient killing rate of for prevention and treatment of dental caries.
METHODS
We exploited the existing design strategies to modify reutericin 6 or gassericin A produced by species in the oral cavity based on their cationicity, amphipathicity and -helical structure. We examined their antimicrobial activities using bacterial susceptibility assay, their cytotoxicity through cytotoxicity assay and their killing rate of with time-kill assay. We further evaluated the candidate derivatives for their killing rate against , their antimicrobial activity against different oral pathogens and the development of drug resistance.
RESULTS
We constructed 6 AT-1 derivatives, among which AT-7 showed an MIC of 3.3 μmol/L against , and with a killing rate of 88.7% against within 5 min. We did not obtain strains of resistant to AT- 7 after induction for 10 passages.
CONCLUSIONS
Hydrophobicity and imperfect amphipathic structure are two key parameters that define the antimicrobial potency of the antimicrobial peptides. The imperfectly amphipathic peptide AT-7 shows the potential for clinical application in dental caries treatment.
Topics: Anti-Infective Agents; Dental Caries; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Peptides; Streptococcus mutans
PubMed: 31340916
DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2019.07.12 -
Microorganisms Feb 2024This study aimed to explore the phenotype and relationship of drug resistance genes in livestock and poultry farm wastewater and drinking water reservoirs to provide...
This study aimed to explore the phenotype and relationship of drug resistance genes in livestock and poultry farm wastewater and drinking water reservoirs to provide evidence for the transmission mechanisms of drug resistance genes, in order to reveal the spread of drug resistance genes in wastewater from intensive farms in Central China to urban reservoirs that serve as drinking water sources and provide preliminary data for the treatment of wastewater from animal farms to reduce the threat to human beings. DNA extraction and metagenomic sequencing were performed on eight groups of samples collected from four water reservoirs and four related wastewaters from animal farms in Central China. Metagenomic sequencing showed that the top 20 AROs with the highest abundance were _gene, _gene, , , , _gene_, _gene, , _gene, _gene, , , , , _gene, , _gene, , , and . The resistance genes mentioned above belong to the following categories of drug resistance mechanisms: antibiotic target replacement, antibiotic target protection, antibiotic inactivation, and antibiotic efflux. The resistomes that match the top 20 genes are and ; ; ; and . ; ; and ; and ; , , , , , , , , , and ; and ; , , , , , and ; and ; and ; , , and ; , , , , , , and . Unreported drug resistance genes and drug-resistant bacteria in Central China were identified in 2023. In the transmission path of drug resistance genes, the transmission path from aquaculture wastewater to human drinking water sources cannot be ignored. For the sake of human health and ecological balance, the treatment of aquaculture wastewater needs to be further strengthened, and the effective blocking of drug resistance gene transmission needs to be considered.
PubMed: 38399800
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12020396 -
Journal of Bone and Joint Infection 2020is an oral bacterium that is rarely virulent in humans, with most case presentations involving dental and maxillofacial infections. We describe the first reported case...
is an oral bacterium that is rarely virulent in humans, with most case presentations involving dental and maxillofacial infections. We describe the first reported case of vertebral osteomyelitis in a patient who had a significant response to penicillin after minimal response to cephalosporin therapy.
PubMed: 32983847
DOI: 10.5194/jbji-6-39-2020