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Anales de Pediatria Jul 2019Pyogenic sacroiliitis (PSI) is a rare condition that amounts to 1% to 2% of all joint infections in the paediatric age group. Its diagnosis is often difficult and...
INTRODUCTION
Pyogenic sacroiliitis (PSI) is a rare condition that amounts to 1% to 2% of all joint infections in the paediatric age group. Its diagnosis is often difficult and delayed due to its nonspecific signs, symptoms and physical findings. Also, the identification of the causative microorganism is frequently challenging due to a high proportion of negative blood cultures and the risks involved in joint aspiration in this site.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
We performed a retrospective review of the health records of all patients aged less than 18 years admitted to a tertiary children's hospital due to PSI between 2008 and 2016.
RESULTS
We identified 6 cases of paediatric PSI. The blood cultures were negative, and the identification of the causative agent required joint fluid aspiration in one patient with infection by Aggregatibacter aphrophilus, and specific screening tests for less frequent agents in the other patients: Kingella kingae (n=2), Brucella melitensis (n=1) and Bartonella henselae (n=1). The patients were treated with specific antimicrobial regimens, and all had favourable clinical outcomes and were free from sequelae during the follow-up.
CONCLUSIONS
Despite the small sample size, our study evinced the low effectiveness of blood cultures for diagnosis of paediatric PSI. It also highlights the need for a high level of suspicion for atypical agents and the early use of adequate diagnostic methods, including imaging and serological testing or polymerase chain-reaction (PCR) analysis of blood samples, as well as prescription of effective antimicrobial therapy.
Topics: Adolescent; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Hospitals, Pediatric; Humans; Infant; Male; Retrospective Studies; Sacroiliitis; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 31130517
DOI: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2018.07.017 -
Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan) Jun 2020A 48-year-old man presented with a sustained fever. Abdominal computed tomography revealed multilocular liver abscesses. He underwent percutaneous needle aspiration,...
A 48-year-old man presented with a sustained fever. Abdominal computed tomography revealed multilocular liver abscesses. He underwent percutaneous needle aspiration, yielding straw-colored pus. Gram staining revealed Gram-negative coccobacilli. The organism grew only on chocolate II agar in a 7% carbon dioxide atmosphere. Identification of Aggregatibacter aphrophilus was confirmed using mass spectrometry and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. He was successfully treated with antibiotics. Liver abscess caused by A. aphrophilus is extremely rare. We herein report the first such case in Japan. Even fastidious organisms, such as A. aphrophilus, should be correctly identified using mass spectrometry or 16S rRNA gene sequencing for adequate treatment.
Topics: Aggregatibacter aphrophilus; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Humans; Japan; Liver Abscess; Male; Middle Aged; Pasteurellaceae Infections; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 32161220
DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.4220-19 -
Journal of Oral Microbiology 2023Changes in the oral microbiome may contribute to oral pathologies, especially in patients undergoing cancer therapy. Interactions between oral microbiome and oral mucosa...
Human oral mucosa and oral microbiome interactions following supragingival plaque reconstitution in healthy volunteers: a diet-controlled balanced design proof-of-concept model to investigate oral pathologies.
Changes in the oral microbiome may contribute to oral pathologies, especially in patients undergoing cancer therapy. Interactions between oral microbiome and oral mucosa may exacerbate inflammation. We determined whether probiotic-controlled plaque formation could impact proximal oral mucosa gene expression profiles in healthy volunteers. A 3-weeks balanced sample collection design from healthy volunteers (HVs) was implemented. At Week-1 plaques samples and labial mucosa brush biopsies were obtained from HVs in the morning ( = 4) and/or in the afternoon ( = 4), and groups were flipped at Week-3. A fruit yogurt and tea diet were given 2-4hrs before sample collection. mRNA gene expression analysis was completed using RNA-Seq and DESeq2. Bacterial taxa relative abundance was determined by 16S HOMI. Bacterial diversity changes and metabolic pathway enrichment were determined using PRIMERv7 and LEfSe programs. and diversities did not differ morning (AM) vs. afternoon (PM). The most affected KEGG pathway was Toll-like receptor signaling in oral mucosa. Eighteen human genes and nine bacterial genes were differentially expressed in plaque samples. Increased activity for 'caries-free' health-associated calcifying and reduced activity for , an opportunistic pathogen, were observed. Microbial diversity was not altered after 8 hours plaque formation in healthy individuals as opposed to gene expression.
PubMed: 37621744
DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2023.2246279 -
European Heart Journal. Case Reports Feb 2022[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/ehjcr/ytab003.].
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/ehjcr/ytab003.].
PubMed: 35233499
DOI: 10.1093/ehjcr/ytac072 -
IScience May 2024Microbial ecosystems experience spatial and nutrient restrictions leading to the coevolution of cooperation and competition among cohabiting species. To increase their...
Microbial ecosystems experience spatial and nutrient restrictions leading to the coevolution of cooperation and competition among cohabiting species. To increase their fitness for survival, bacteria exploit machinery to antagonizing rival species upon close contact. As such, the bacterial type VI secretion system (T6SS) nanomachinery, typically expressed by pathobionts, can transport proteins directly into eukaryotic or prokaryotic cells, consequently killing cohabiting competitors. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that oral symbiont possesses a T6SS and can eliminate its close relative oral pathobiont using its T6SS. These findings bring nearer the anti-bacterial prospects of symbionts against cohabiting pathobionts while introducing the presence of an active T6SS in the oral cavity.
PubMed: 38650989
DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109650