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Scientific Reports Mar 2021High lead (Pb) concentration in soils is becoming a severe threat to human health. It also deteriorates plants, growth, yield and quality of food. Although the use of...
High lead (Pb) concentration in soils is becoming a severe threat to human health. It also deteriorates plants, growth, yield and quality of food. Although the use of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), biochar and compost can be effective environment-friendly amendments for decreasing Pb stress in crop plants, the impacts of their simultaneous co-application has not been well documented. Thus current study was carried, was conducted to investigate the role of rhizobacteria and compost mixed biochar (CB) under Pb stress on selected soil properties and agronomic parameters in mint (Mentha piperita L.) plants. To this end, six treatments were studied: Alcaligenes faecalis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, CB, PGPR1 + CB, PGPR2 + CB and control. Results showed that the application A. faecalis + CB significantly decreased soil pH and EC over control. However, OM, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium concentration were significantly improved in the soil where A. faecalis + CB was applied over control. The A. faecalis + CB treatment significantly improved mint plant root dry weight (58%), leaves dry weight (32%), chlorophyll (37%), and N (46%), P (39%) and K (63%) leave concentration, while also decreasing the leaves Pb uptake by 13.5% when compared to the unamended control. In conclusion, A. faecalis + CB has a greater potential to improve overall soil quality, fertility and mint plant productivity under high Pb soil concentration compared to the sole application of CB and A. faecalis.
Topics: Alcaligenes faecalis; Aminohydrolases; Bacillus amyloliquefaciens; Bacterial Proteins; Biodegradation, Environmental; Charcoal; Composting; Fruit; Lead; Mentha; Rhizosphere; Soil Pollutants; Stress, Physiological; Vegetables
PubMed: 33758248
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86082-9 -
Biology Jun 2022Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is secreted by the ventricles of the heart during overload to signal heart failure. Slight bilateral skin itching induced by BNP has been...
Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is secreted by the ventricles of the heart during overload to signal heart failure. Slight bilateral skin itching induced by BNP has been associated with response activity of the skin microbiota. In this work, we studied the effect of 25-250,000 pg BNP/mL on the growth, long-term survival, and stress (HO, antibiotics, salinity, heat and pH shock) resistance of human symbiont bacteria: Gram-positive C01 and Gram-negative DOS7. The effect of BNP turned out to be dose-dependent. Up to 250 pg BNP/mL made bacteria more stress resistant. At 2500 pg BNP/mL (heart failure) the thermosensitivity of the bacteria increased. Almost all considered BNP concentrations increased the resistance of bacteria to the action of tetracycline and ciprofloxacin. Both bacteria survived 1.3-1.7 times better during long-term (up to 4 months) storage. Our findings are important both for clinical medical practice and for practical application in other areas. For example, BNP can be used to obtain stress-resistant bacteria, which is important in the collection of microorganisms, as well as for the production of bacterial preparations and probiotics for cosmetology, agriculture, and waste management.
PubMed: 36101364
DOI: 10.3390/biology11070984 -
Journal, Genetic Engineering &... Oct 2021Mining for precious metals is detrimental to the composition of soil structure and microbial diversity distribution and is a health risk to human communities around the...
BACKGROUND
Mining for precious metals is detrimental to the composition of soil structure and microbial diversity distribution and is a health risk to human communities around the affected communities. This study was aimed at determining the physical and chemical characteristics and diversity of bacteria in the soil of local mining sites for biosorption of heavy metals.
RESULTS
Results of physical and chemical characteristics showed mean pH values and percentage organic carbon to range from 7.1 to 8.2 and 0.18 to 1.12% respectively with statistical significance between sampling sites (P ≤ 0.05). Similarly, cation exchange capacity, electrical conductivity, moisture, total nitrogen, and carbon/nitrogen ratio (C:N) in the soil ranged between 1.52 to 3.57 cmol/kg, 0.15 to 0.32 ds/m, 0.14 to 0.82%, 0.10 to 0.28%, and 1.7 to 4.8 respectively. The highest heavy metal concentration of 59.01 ppm was recorded in soils obtained from site 3. The enumeration of viable aerobic bacteria recorded the highest mean count of 4.5 × 10 cfu/g observed at site 2 with statistical significance (P ≤ 0.05) between the sampled soils. Alcaligenes faecalis strain UBI, Aeromonas sp. strain UBI, Aeromonas sobria, and Leptothrix ginsengisoli that make up 11.2% of total identified bacteria were able to grow in higher amended concentrations of heavy metals. The evolutionary relationship showed the four heavy metal-tolerant bacteria identified belonged to the phylum Proteobacteria of class Betaproteobacteria in the order Burkholderiales. Heavy metal biosorption by the bacteria showed Alcaligenes faecalis strain UBI having the highest uptake capacity of 73.5% for Cu.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, Alcaligenes faecalis strain UBI (MT107249) and Aeromonas sp. strain UBI (MT126242) identified in this study showed promising capability to withstand heavy metals and are good candidates in genetic modification for bioremediation.
PubMed: 34633566
DOI: 10.1186/s43141-021-00251-x -
Iranian Journal of Microbiology Apr 2023Sustainability in agricultural systems without compromising the environmental quality and conservation is one of the major concerns of today's world. The excessive use...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Sustainability in agricultural systems without compromising the environmental quality and conservation is one of the major concerns of today's world. The excessive use of agrochemicals is posing serious threats to the environment. Therefore identification of efficient plant growth promoting (PGP) bacteria as an alternative to chemically synthesized fertilizers is of great interest.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In the present investigation, forest soil samples collected were used for isolation of efficient plant growth promoting bacteria.
RESULTS
Total of 14 bacteria were isolated, and tested for various PGP properties. Out of the 14 isolates, four isolates labelled as BKOU-1, BKOU-8, BKOU-13 and BKOU-14 showed significant plant growth promoting traits, hydrolytic enzyme production and effectively restricted the mycelial development of phyto-pathogenic fungi ( and ). 16 S rRNA gene sequences of the bacterial isolates BKOU-1, BKOU-8, BKOU-13 and BKOU-14 were found to have maximum identity with and respectively. All four bacterial isolates nucleotide sequences were submitted to GenBank and NCBI accession numbers were generated as follows: OL721916, OL721918, OL721919 and OL721926.
CONCLUSION
According to the findings of the study, these PGPR could be employed as biofertilizers/biopesticides to boost crop yield of different crops in sustainable manner.
PubMed: 37193242
DOI: 10.18502/ijm.v15i2.12480 -
Frontiers in Bioengineering and... 2020The gas-to-liquid (GTL) process generates considerable amounts of wastewater that are highly acidic and characterized by its high chemical oxygen demand (COD) content,...
The gas-to-liquid (GTL) process generates considerable amounts of wastewater that are highly acidic and characterized by its high chemical oxygen demand (COD) content, due to the presence of several organic pollutants, such as alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, and fatty acids. The presence of these organics in the process water may lead to adverse effect on the environment and aquatic life. Thus, it is necessary to reduce the COD content of GTL process water to an acceptable limit before discharging or reusing the treated water. Due to several advantages, biological treatment is often utilized as the main step in GTL process water treatment plants. In order to have a successful biotreatment process, it is required to choose effective and suitable bacterial strains that have the ability to degrade the organic pollutants in GTL process water. In this work, bacterial strains were isolated from the GTL process water, identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and then used in the biodegradation process. The detailed identification of the strains confirmed the presence of three organics-degrading bacteria identified as sp., and sp. Furthermore, biodegradation experiments were carried out and confirmed that the pure culture as well as the mixed culture consortium of the bacterial strains has the ability to reduce the organic pollutants in GTL process water. However, the growth rate and biodegradation efficiency depend on the type of strains and the initial COD content. Indeed, the removal percentage and growth rate were enhanced after 7 days for all cultures and resulted in COD reduction up to 60%. Moreover, the mixed culture of bacterial strains can tolerate and treat GTL process water with a variety of ranges of COD contents.
PubMed: 33520959
DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.603305 -
International Immunopharmacology Apr 2023Alcaligenes faecalis was previously identified as an intestinal lymphoid tissue-resident commensal bacteria, and our subsequent studies showed that lipopolysaccharide...
Alcaligenes faecalis was previously identified as an intestinal lymphoid tissue-resident commensal bacteria, and our subsequent studies showed that lipopolysaccharide and its core active element (i.e., lipid A) have a potent adjuvant activity to promote preferentially antigen-specific Th17 response and antibody production. Here, we compared A. faecalis lipid A (ALA) with monophosphoryl lipid A, a licensed lipid A-based adjuvant, to elucidate the immunological mechanism underlying the adjuvant properties of ALA. Compared with monophosphoryl lipid A, ALA induced higher levels of MHC class II molecules and costimulatory CD40, CD80, and CD86 on dendritic cells (DCs), which in turn resulted in strong T cell activation. Moreover, ALA more effectively promoted the production of IL-6 and IL-23 from DCs than did monophosphoryl lipid A, thus leading to preferential induction of Th17 and Th1 cells. As underlying mechanisms, we found that the ALA-TLR4 axis stimulated both MyD88- and TRIF-mediated signaling pathways, whereas monophosphoryl lipid A was biased toward TRIF signaling. These findings revealed the effects of ALA on DCs and T cells and its induction pattern on signaling pathways.
Topics: Lipid A; Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88; Toll-Like Receptor 4; Antigen Presentation; Alcaligenes; Signal Transduction; Adjuvants, Immunologic; Cell Differentiation; Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport; Dendritic Cells
PubMed: 36806039
DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109852 -
RSC Advances Jul 2019Some microorganisms can utilize photoelectrons and electrode electrons. Exogenous electrons generate enough energy for growth, and electron shuttles may accelerate this...
Some microorganisms can utilize photoelectrons and electrode electrons. Exogenous electrons generate enough energy for growth, and electron shuttles may accelerate this process. This research data supported photoelectron-responsive microorganism was effected by the growth metabolism due to bias and electron shuttle riboflavin (RF) with an adaptive screening voltage under oligotrophic conditions. A slight change was observed in the redox property of RF. RF played the role of an electron shuttle. Microbial extracellular metabolites could bind additional nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) species with RF. The intracellular protein content in the group of RF-Bias was 1.94, 1.93 and 4.02 times higher than those in the RF, bias and control groups, respectively, while the corresponding intracellular contents of humus were 1.10, 0.93 and 1.42 times higher. The content of CoA in RF-Bias, RF and bias increased to 116.0%, 108.5% and 103.8%, respectively. The organic acids of the RF-Bias group in the Krebs cycle are more advanced than those of other groups. Overall, in the Krebs cycle, RF and bias facilitated the growth and metabolism of . Finally, a mechanism was proposed, showing that the electron transfer chain and the Krebs cycle are stimulated by RF and bias.
PubMed: 35514515
DOI: 10.1039/c9ra04066h -
International Journal of Chronic... 2021Particulate matter-associated microbes in the workplace are a burning issue in occupational toxicology. Studies have reported on respiratory infections among tannery...
BACKGROUND
Particulate matter-associated microbes in the workplace are a burning issue in occupational toxicology. Studies have reported on respiratory infections among tannery cohorts. This study uniquely presents measurements of airborne bacterial concentrations associated with varied particulate-matter sizes, their exposure, and consequent severity in occupational respiratory problems, all for different microenvironments within leather tanneries.
METHODS
Analyses included molecular identification of isolates, computation of mass median aerodynamic diameter of aerosols, tannery process-exposure dose (TPED) to bacterial aerosols, and spirometry and symptom assessment of impaired pulmonary function.
RESULTS
The highest bacterial concentrations were for rawhide treatment and finishing units, showing 3.6×10 and 3.7×10 CFU/m, respectively. Identified bacterial species included , , , , and spp. Maximum and minimum values of mass median aerodynamic diameter were 8.3 µm and 0.65 µm for buffing and snuffing and production units, respectively. The highest TPED was 1,516.9 CFU/kg for finishing units. Respiratory symptoms in order of incidence were dyspnea > phlegm > cough > wheezing and tachypnea (equivalent). Bronchodilator measurements of FEV, FVC, and PEF represent decline in lung function. Of 26 patients identified with COPD, most were working in rawhide treatment.
CONCLUSION
We conclude that exposure-infection synergy is also a cause of pulmonary ailments and COPD development, rather than the better-known exposure-smoking synergy.
Topics: Aerosols; Humans; Neisseria; Occupational Exposure; Ochrobactrum; Pakistan; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive
PubMed: 34737557
DOI: 10.2147/COPD.S328129 -
Iranian Journal of Microbiology Aug 2019Fibrinolytic drugs are commonly used for fibrin clot lysis but due to their inappropriate side effects, as well as their high costs, using fibrinolytic enzymes has been...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Fibrinolytic drugs are commonly used for fibrin clot lysis but due to their inappropriate side effects, as well as their high costs, using fibrinolytic enzymes has been paid attention. Bacterial sources of this enzyme are a good alternative for this purpose. The aim was fibrinolysin production through screening of fibrinolysin producing bacteria from environmental samples.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Bacterial isolation was performed from different environmental samples and was screened based on sheep blood clot digestion and culture on plasma plate. The most potent isolate was optimized for different growth parameters including temperature, pH and fibrinolysin production at optimum growth conditions. The stability of produced enzyme at various temperatures and pH and treatment with MgSO, NiSO, SDS and EDTA was then investigated. Finally this isolate was identified based on the 16S rRNA sequencing.
RESULTS
As a result, from 79 different isolates, the most potent fibrinolysin producer was identified as strain 26. This isolate produced 12 mm halo zone on plasma plate. Its optimum growth temperature and pH was 43°C and 7, respectively. The produced enzyme had the best stability at pH 7 and was also active up to 60°C. The fibrinolytic activity of this isolate was reduced following treatment with MgSO, NiSO and also with protease inhibitors, such as SDS and EDTA.
CONCLUSION
Based on the obtained results it can be suggested that strain 26 has appropriate efficiency for fibrinolysin production that can be used in food industry and medicine.
PubMed: 31719965
DOI: No ID Found -
Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) Nov 2021The continuous development of multidrug resistance pathogens with limited therapeutic options has become a great problem globally that impose sever health hazards....
A Metagenomic Nanopore Sequence Analysis Combined with Conventional Screening and Spectroscopic Methods for Deciphering the Antimicrobial Metabolites Produced by Soil Isolate MZ921504.
The continuous development of multidrug resistance pathogens with limited therapeutic options has become a great problem globally that impose sever health hazards. Accordingly, searching for of new antimicrobials became an urgent demand and great challenge. Soil significantly have been associated with several species that are antibiotic producers. In this study, combination of conventional screening methods with Liquid chromatography- Mass spectroscopy (LC/MS) and metagenomic nanopore sequence analysis have been conducted for the deciphering the active metabolites produced by soil isolate(s). Preliminary soil screening resulted in a Gram-negative isolate identified via 16S ribosomal RNA as isolate MZ921504 with promising antimicrobial activities against wide range of MDR gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens. The LC/MS analysis of the metabolites of isolate MZ921504 confirmed the presence of ectoine, bacillibactin, quinolobactin and burkholderic acid. Metagenomics sequence analysis of the soil sample (NCBI GenBank accession PRJNA771993) revealed the presence of conserved biosynthetic gene clusters of ectoine, bacteriocin, bacillibactin, quinolobactin, terpene and burkholderic acid of . In conclusion, isolate MZ921504 is a promising source for antimicrobial metabolites. LC/MS spectral analysis and third generation sequencing tools followed by secondary metabolite gene clusters analysis are useful methods to predict the nature of the antimicrobial metabolites.
PubMed: 34827320
DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10111382