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Journal of Clinical and Experimental... Jun 2022Since thrombocytopenia, anasarca, fever, reticulin fibrosis, renal insufficiency, and organomegaly (TAFRO) syndrome was first proposed in 2010, there has been...
Since thrombocytopenia, anasarca, fever, reticulin fibrosis, renal insufficiency, and organomegaly (TAFRO) syndrome was first proposed in 2010, there has been considerable progress in this area, particularly regarding its association with idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease (iMCD). TAFRO syndrome is a heterogeneous category with a constellation of symptoms that can develop in the setting of infection, rheumatologic disorder, malignancy, and iMCD. Now, iMCD with TAFRO symptoms is subtyped as iMCD-TAFRO. However, confusion between TAFRO syndrome and iMCD-TAFRO remains. In this article, we discuss the current understanding and future research agenda of TAFRO syndrome and iMCD-TAFRO from the perspective of its new validated international definition.
Topics: Castleman Disease; Edema; Fever; Humans; Renal Insufficiency; Thrombocytopenia
PubMed: 35474036
DOI: 10.3960/jslrt.21037 -
American Family Physician Oct 2019
Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Diagnosis, Differential; Edema; Fournier Gangrene; Humans; Male; Scrotum
PubMed: 31573165
DOI: No ID Found -
Arthritis & Rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) Sep 2022
Topics: Bone Marrow; Bone Marrow Diseases; Edema; Humans; Sacroiliac Joint
PubMed: 35436388
DOI: 10.1002/art.42143 -
Cells Jun 2023Edema formation following traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) exacerbates secondary injury, and the severity of edema correlates with worse neurological outcome in human... (Review)
Review
Edema formation following traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) exacerbates secondary injury, and the severity of edema correlates with worse neurological outcome in human patients. To date, there are no effective treatments to directly resolve edema within the spinal cord. The aquaporin-4 (AQP4) water channel is found on plasma membranes of astrocytic endfeet in direct contact with blood vessels, the glia limitans in contact with the cerebrospinal fluid, and ependyma around the central canal. Local expression at these tissue-fluid interfaces allows AQP4 channels to play an important role in the bidirectional regulation of water homeostasis under normal conditions and following trauma. In this review, we consider the available evidence regarding the potential role of AQP4 in edema after SCI. Although more work remains to be carried out, the overall evidence indicates a critical role for AQP4 channels in edema formation and resolution following SCI and the therapeutic potential of AQP4 modulation in edema resolution and functional recovery. Further work to elucidate the expression and subcellular localization of AQP4 during specific phases after SCI will inform the therapeutic modulation of AQP4 for the optimization of histological and neurological outcomes.
Topics: Humans; Spinal Cord Injuries; Aquaporin 4; Neuroglia; Edema
PubMed: 37443735
DOI: 10.3390/cells12131701 -
Neurologia 2022Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute-onset, immune-mediated disease of the peripheral nervous system. It may be classified into 2 main subtypes: demyelinating... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute-onset, immune-mediated disease of the peripheral nervous system. It may be classified into 2 main subtypes: demyelinating (AIDP) and axonal (AMAN). This study aims to analyse the mechanisms of axonal damage in the early stages of GBS (within 10days of onset).
DEVELOPMENT
We analysed histological, electrophysiological, and imaging findings from patients with AIDP and AMAN, and compared them to those of an animal model of myelin P2 protein-induced experimental allergic neuritis. Inflammatory oedema of the spinal nerve roots and spinal nerves is the initial lesion in GBS. The spinal nerves of patients with fatal AIDP may show ischaemic lesions in the endoneurium, which suggests that endoneurial inflammation may increase endoneurial fluid pressure, reducing transperineurial blood flow, potentially leading to conduction failure and eventually to axonal degeneration. In patients with AMAN associated with anti-ganglioside antibodies, nerve conduction block secondary to nodal sodium channel dysfunction may affect the proximal, intermediate, and distal nerve trunks. In addition to the mechanisms involved in AIDP, active axonal degeneration in AMAN may be associated with nodal axolemma disruption caused by anti-ganglioside antibodies.
CONCLUSION
Inflammatory oedema of the proximal nerve trunks can be observed in early stages of GBS, and it may cause nerve conduction failure and active axonal degeneration.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Guillain-Barre Syndrome; Peripheral Nerves; Neural Conduction; Edema; Amantadine
PubMed: 30057217
DOI: 10.1016/j.nrl.2018.06.002 -
International Wound Journal Feb 2022Wounds and chronic oedema are common disorders, but rarely studied together. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the point-prevalence and risk...
Wounds and chronic oedema are common disorders, but rarely studied together. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the point-prevalence and risk factors of wounds on the leg, in chronic leg oedema. Forty sites in nine countries were included. Of 7077 patients with chronic leg oedema, 12.70% had wounds. Independent risk factors were: peripheral arterial disease (odds ratio (OR) 4.87, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 3.63-6.52), cellulitis within the past 12 months (OR 2.69, 95% CI 2.25-3.21), secondary lymphoedema (OR 2.64, 95% CI 1.93-3.60), being male (OR 2.08, 95% CI 1.78-2.44), being over 85 years of age (OR 1.80, 95% CI 1.23-2.62), underweight (OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.14-2.79), bed bound (OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.01-3.16), chair bound (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.18-1.97), diabetes (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.23-1.77), and walking with aid (OR 1·41, 95% CI 1.17-1.69). 43.22% of those with wounds had clinically defined well-controlled oedema, associated with a significantly lower risk of wounds (OR 0.50, 95% CI 0.42-0.58, P < .001). Hard/fibrotic tissue (OR 1.71, 95% CI 1.19-2.48), and a positive Stemmers sign (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.05-2.35) were associated with wounds. The study reinforces the importance of measures to control oedema, as controlled swelling was associated with a 50% lower risk of wounds.
Topics: Cellulitis; Chronic Disease; Cross-Sectional Studies; Edema; Humans; Leg; Lymphedema; Male
PubMed: 34258856
DOI: 10.1111/iwj.13642 -
British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology Sep 2022Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) is a rare, drug-induced severe adverse reaction that usually occurs 3-6 weeks after initial exposure to...
AIMS
Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) is a rare, drug-induced severe adverse reaction that usually occurs 3-6 weeks after initial exposure to certain drugs. It affects mainly adults and children to a lesser extent. Clinical features include fever, facial oedema, generalized skin rash, lymphadenopathy, haematological abnormalities and internal organ involvement. The objective was to investigate the clinical and laboratory features of patients with DRESS in our centre.
METHODS
We retrospectively describe and analyse 19 cases of DRESS whose diagnosis was based on the RegiSCAR criteria (≥6 points) that occurred from January 2009 to December 2019.
RESULTS
Patient age ranged from 4 to 76 years (4 children/15 adults); 10 were female (52.3%). The most common culprit drugs were antibiotics (74%) and anticonvulsants (21%). The most common comorbidities were epilepsy (26%) and hypertension (26%). All patients developed cutaneous manifestations and of those, 58% presented facial oedema. Liver function tests, urea/creatinine and troponin elevation were present in 74, 32 and 42%, respectively. The median time to develop the skin rash after the drug exposure was 3.7 weeks (interquartile range 2.4-4.2 wk). Eosinophilia (≥0.7 × 10 /L) was present in 95% of the patients and peaked around 10 days after the skin manifestations. Leucocytosis and reactive lymphocytes were reported in 84% and 26% of all patients respectively. Treatment with systemic steroids was reported in 16 patients. The mean recovery time was 2 weeks (interquartile range 2-3.5 wk) and mortality was 5%.
CONCLUSION
DRESS is a serious condition with significant morbidity and mortality, which requires more research for a better understanding.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Angioedema; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome; Edema; Eosinophilia; Exanthema; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Tertiary Care Centers; Young Adult
PubMed: 35421262
DOI: 10.1111/bcp.15354 -
Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging Apr 2020Dactylitis refers to a global swelling of a finger or a toe giving it a clinical sausage-shape presentation. It is an extremely suggestive symptom as it guides the... (Review)
Review
Dactylitis refers to a global swelling of a finger or a toe giving it a clinical sausage-shape presentation. It is an extremely suggestive symptom as it guides the rheumatologist towards a shortlist of diagnoses. However, radiologists are less familiar with dactylitis. The aim of this review is to detail and illustrate the main causes of dactylitis using standard X-ray imaging, ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in order to make radiologists more familiar with this symptom by illustrating the various conditions that are associated with dactylitis including infection, peripheral spondyloarthritis, sarcoidosis, microcrystalline deposition, osteoid osteoma, and sickle cell disease.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Arthritis; Edema; Female; Finger Joint; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Toe Joint; Young Adult
PubMed: 32001209
DOI: 10.1016/j.diii.2020.01.005 -
Scientific Reports Mar 2021Facial edemas not secondary to surgery and/or radiotherapy for head and neck cancer are relatively uncommon. Our aim is to report a retrospective analysis of the... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
Facial edemas not secondary to surgery and/or radiotherapy for head and neck cancer are relatively uncommon. Our aim is to report a retrospective analysis of the lymphoscintigraphic and SPECT-CT investigations obtained in patients with such facial edema. Retrospective review of exams (planar imagings in all and with SPECT-CT in 5) obtained after the subcutaneous injection of 99mTc HSA Nanosized colloids between the eyebrows in five men and seven women. Four main lymphatic pathways were identified on sequential planar imagings: para-nasal left and right and supra- ocular left and right. For eleven patients, the absence of visualization of lymphatic drainage and/or their delayed appearance correlated well with the localisation of the edematous areas. In two patients with post-traumatic and post- surgical edemas, SPECT-CT showed one deep left sided cervical lymph node (LN) in front of the first cervical vertebra. This lymphoscintigraphic approach represents a simple and valuable way to assess the lymphatic drainage pathways of the face and to establish the diagnosis of facial lymphedema.
Topics: Adult; Edema; Face; Female; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Lymphatic Vessels; Lymphoscintigraphy; Male; Middle Aged; Postoperative Complications; Radiopharmaceuticals; Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography Computed Tomography; Technetium Tc 99m Aggregated Albumin
PubMed: 33742036
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85835-w -
International Journal of Molecular... Aug 2021There are a large number of remedies in traditional medicine focused on relieving pain and inflammation. Flavanones have been a potential source in the search for...
There are a large number of remedies in traditional medicine focused on relieving pain and inflammation. Flavanones have been a potential source in the search for leading compounds and biologically active components, and they have been the focus of much research and development in recent years. is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of kidney diseases, bladder infections, and diabetes mellitus. Many compounds have been isolated from this plant, such as flavones, flavanones, phenolic compounds, triterpenoid acids, chalcones, sugars, and fatty acids, among others. In this paper, natural flavanone (extracted from ) as lead compound and flavanones - as its structural analogues were screened for anti-inflammatory activity using and in a computational study. The hydro alcoholic solutions (FS) of flavanones , - (FS, FS-FS) were also assayed to investigate their in vivo anti-inflammatory cutaneous effect using two experimental models, a rat ear edema induced by arachidonic acid (AA) and a mouse ear edema induced by 12--tetradecanoylphorbol acetate (TPA). Histological studies and analysis of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were also assessed in AA-inflamed rat ear tissue. The results showed that the flavanone hydro alcoholic solutions (FS) caused edema inhibition in both evaluated models. This study suggests that the evaluated flavanones will be effective when used in the future in skin pathologies with inflammation, with the results showing and to be the best.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Ear Diseases; Edema; Fabaceae; Flavanones; High-Throughput Screening Assays; Inflammation; Mice; Plant Extracts; Rats; Rats, Wistar
PubMed: 34445584
DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168878