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Danish Medical Journal Feb 2024Cellulitis is a common infection, especially among the elderly, and compression therapy is often recommended to reduce acute oedema and pain. A previous study showed...
INTRODUCTION
Cellulitis is a common infection, especially among the elderly, and compression therapy is often recommended to reduce acute oedema and pain. A previous study showed that compression therapy led to a lower incidence of recurrent cellulitis in lower extremities in patients with chronic oedema. The aim of this study was to describe clinical characteristics of patients with cellulitis.
METHODS
This was a retrospective descriptive study reviewing medical records and medicine registrations in patients ≥ 18 years with cellulitis.
RESULTS
A total of 104 patients were hospitalised with cellulitis; 13 were excluded. The median age was 75 years (range: 33-103 years), 64% > 70 years. The median admission time was five days (range: 1-24 days). Median antibiotic treatment duration was 11 days (range: 4-56 days). A total of 45% were current or former smokers, 40% were overweight, 48% had preexisting chronic oedema of the affected area, 90% had become infected in the lower extremities and 19% were readmitted within six months. A total of 51% had a new antibiotic treatment prescribed after being discharged, and 66% received compression therapy.
CONCLUSIONS
Cellulitis frequently affects older patients, especially smokers, people with overweight and chronic lymphoedema. In all, 66% were treated with compression therapy that did not have a clear effect on their readmission rate, probably because the patients receiving compression therapy had a more severe infection complicated by severe oedema and a higher risk of reinfection. An increased focus on the use of compression therapy in conjunction with health preventive interventions may have a positive impact on the relapse rate.
FUNDING
None.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
Not relevant.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Cellulitis; Retrospective Studies; Overweight; Edema; Anti-Bacterial Agents
PubMed: 38533881
DOI: 10.61409/A08230530 -
BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth Sep 2021Mirror syndrome (MS) is a rare obstetric disorder complicated with high maternal morbidity and fetal mortality. MS is often misdiagnosed or underdiagnosed due to the low...
BACKGROUND
Mirror syndrome (MS) is a rare obstetric disorder complicated with high maternal morbidity and fetal mortality. MS is often misdiagnosed or underdiagnosed due to the low incidence and lack of awareness of its diverse features. This study aimed to summarise the etiology, clinical characteristics, and risk factors of MS among mothers with fetal hydrops.
METHODS
This retrospective case-control study included 37 pregnant women with fetal hydrops in the second and third trimesters from 58,428 deliveries performed at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University between January 2012 and December 2020. Cases were categorized as MS and non-MS according to the presence or absence of maternal mirroring symptoms. Binary logistic regression was performed for analysis.
RESULTS
Fourteen women developed MS with an overall incidence of 0.024% (14/58,428) and 37.8% (14/37) in the fetal hydrops cases. Among the 11 MS cases with known associated etiologies, seven had alpha thalassemia major. Onset of fetal hydrops was later (27.8 vs. 23.0 weeks) and the rate of placental thickening was higher (85.7% vs. 34.8%) in the MS group than in the non-MS group (P < 0.05). Regarding maternal characteristics, the MS group had higher maternal morbidity (85.7% vs. 8.7%), more weight gain (9.0 vs. 5.5 kg), higher rates of hypertension (35.7 vs. 0%) and proteinuria (64.3% vs. 4.3%), and lower levels of hemoglobin (88 vs. 105 g/L) and serum albumin (25.8 vs. 35.0 g/L) than the non-MS group (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that onset of fetal hydrops at ≥24 weeks and placental thickening were associated with the risk of MS among fetal hydrops cases (OR 15.83, 95% CI 1.56-160.10 and OR 8.63, 95% CI 1.29-57.72, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS
MS is relatively common among fetal hydrops cases in the late second and third trimesters, and alpha thalassemia major is the main etiology for fetal hydrops and also MS in this population. Complicated with high maternal morbidity, the key maternal features of MS include more weight gain, hemodilution, and hypertension. Among those with fetal hydrops, the onset time of ≥24 weeks and placental thickening are risk factors for MS.
Topics: Case-Control Studies; China; Edema; Female; Hemodilution; Humans; Hydrops Fetalis; Hypertension; Placenta Diseases; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Syndrome; Weight Gain; alpha-Thalassemia
PubMed: 34583666
DOI: 10.1186/s12884-021-04143-3 -
The Veterinary Quarterly Dec 2023The Foot-and-Mouth disease is highly contagious acute viral disease of livestock inflicting huge economic loss to the farmers. The limited knowledge regarding the...
The Foot-and-Mouth disease is highly contagious acute viral disease of livestock inflicting huge economic loss to the farmers. The limited knowledge regarding the pathological lesions vis-a-vis distribution of the FMDV in lesser explored endocrine glands and important vital organs other than the target organs of infected calves prompted us to take the present investigation to have detailed insight into the pathogenesis. The systematic necropsy of 37 dead calves (cattle-28 and buffalo-9) was conducted, and thin representative tissue pieces from the affected organs were collected in 10% neutral buffered formalin (NBF) for pathological and immunohistochemical investigations. The genomic detection and its serotyping were done by RT-PCR and multiplex-PCR, respectively. Necropsy examination in all cases showed myocardial lesions resembling 'tigroid heart appearance'. Other organ specific lesions include vesiculo-ulcerative stomatitis, edema of the lungs, petechial hemorrhages, edema of the endocrines, and gastroenteritis. Histopathological examination showed varying sizes of vesicles and ulcerations in stratified squamous epithelium of the tongue, acute necrotizing myocarditis, lymphoid depletion in lymphoid tissues, hepatitis, pancreatitis, thymic hyperplasia, thyroiditis, adrenitis, and enteritis. Positive immunolabeling for viral antigens was observed in endocrine glands, lymphoid organs, lungs, liver, kidneys, and intestine, in addition to other typical locations. The thyroid, adrenal glands, and pancreas, in addition to the tongue and heart, are the tissue of choice for sampling in the field during epidemics. Further, the viral genome and serotype A was confirmed in the affected tissues. This study provides insights into novel tissue tropism and pathogenesis in young calves naturally infected with FMDV.
Topics: Cattle; Animals; Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus; Buffaloes; Antigens, Viral; Foot-and-Mouth Disease; Cattle Diseases; Edema
PubMed: 37733477
DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2023.2260435 -
Medical Hypotheses Dec 2020Severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2(SARS-CoV-2), the cause of coronavirus disease- 2019 (COVID-19) after emerging in china in late 2019 is spreading rapidly...
Severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2(SARS-CoV-2), the cause of coronavirus disease- 2019 (COVID-19) after emerging in china in late 2019 is spreading rapidly across the world. The most common cause of death in patient with COVID-19 is the rapid progression of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) shortly after the beginning of dyspnea and hypoxemia. Patients with severe COVID-19 may also develop acute cardiac, kidney and liver injury that are associated with poor prognosis and can lead to high mortality rate. Numerous randomized trials are ongoing to find an effective, safe and widely available treatment. Remdisivir is the only FDA -approved antiviral agent for treatment of severe COVID-19. Glucocorticoids (GCs) have been used for treatment of cytokine storm syndrome and respiratory failure in hospitalized patient with severe covid-19. One of the therapeutic effects of GCs is stability of vascular endothelial barrier and decreasing tissue edema. In our opinion, the decreasing vascular permeability effect of glucocorticoids in the injured myocardium might has an important additional factor in reducing mortality in severe, hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
Topics: Antiviral Agents; COVID-19; Capillary Permeability; China; Dexamethasone; Edema; Fibrosis; Glucocorticoids; Hospitalization; Humans; Inflammation; Myocardium; Permeability; COVID-19 Drug Treatment
PubMed: 33035967
DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.110307 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Oct 2021Bone marrow edema (BME) is defined as an area of low signal intensity on T1-weighted (T1W) MRI images and associated with intermediate or high signal intensity findings... (Review)
Review
Bone marrow edema (BME) is defined as an area of low signal intensity on T1-weighted (T1W) MRI images and associated with intermediate or high signal intensity findings on T2-weighted (T2W) MRI images. BME represents a typical imaging finding that characterizes common stress-related bone injuries of professional and amateur athletes. The etiology of stress-related injuries is influenced by numerous factors, including the initiation of a new sports activity or changes in an existing training protocol. The clinical significance of BME remains unclear. However, a correlation between the imaging pattern of BME, the clinical history of the patient and the type of sports activity practiced is essential for correct diagnosis and adequate therapeutic treatment. It is also important to clarify whether there is a specific threshold beyond which exercise can adversely affect the bone remodeling process, as the clinical picture may degenerate into the presence of BME, pain and, in the most severe cases, bone loss. In our review, we summarize the current knowledge on the etiopathogenesis and treatment options for BME and highlight the main aspects that make it difficult to formulate a correct diagnosis and establish an adequate therapeutic treatment.
Topics: Athletes; Bone Marrow; Bone Marrow Diseases; Edema; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging
PubMed: 34833361
DOI: 10.3390/medicina57111143 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Jan 2021Inflammation is a complex response to noxious stimuli promoted by the release of chemical mediators from the damaged cells. Metabolic products of arachidonic acid,...
BACKGROUND
Inflammation is a complex response to noxious stimuli promoted by the release of chemical mediators from the damaged cells. Metabolic products of arachidonic acid, produced by the action of cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase, play important roles in this process. Several non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs act as cyclooxygenase inhibitors. However, almost all of them have undesired side effects.
METHODS
Prediction of the anti-inflammatory action of the compounds was performed using PASS Program. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by the carrageenan paw edema test. COX and LOX inhibitory actions were tested using ovine COX-1, human recombinant COX-2 and soybean LOX-1, respectively. Docking analysis was performed using Autodock.
RESULTS
All designed derivatives had good prediction results according to PASS and were synthesized and experimentally evaluated. The compounds exhibited in vivo anti-inflammatory action with eleven being equal or better than indomethacin. Although, some of them had no or low inhibitory effect on COX-1/2 or LOX, certain compounds exhibited COX-1 inhibition much higher than naproxen and COX-2 inhibition, well explained by Docking analysis.
CONCLUSIONS
A number of compounds with good anti-inflammatory action were obtained. Although, some exhibited remarkable COX inhibitory action this activity did not follow the anti-inflammatory results, indicating the implication of other mechanisms.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Arachidonic Acid; Carrageenan; Cyclooxygenase 1; Cyclooxygenase 2; Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Edema; Female; Humans; Inflammation; Lipoxygenase; Lipoxygenase Inhibitors; Male; Mice; Molecular Docking Simulation; Naproxen; Structure-Activity Relationship; Triazoles
PubMed: 33513963
DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030659 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Sep 2021Different parts of (bunya pin) trees, such as nuts, seeds, bark, and shoots, are widely used in cooking, tea, and traditional medicines around the world. The shoots...
Different parts of (bunya pin) trees, such as nuts, seeds, bark, and shoots, are widely used in cooking, tea, and traditional medicines around the world. The shoots essential oil (EO) has not yet been studied. Herein, the chemical profile of shoots EO (ABSEO) was created by GC-MS analysis. Additionally, the in vivo oral and topical anti-inflammatory effect against carrageenan-induced models, as well as antipyretic potentiality of ABSEO and its nanoemulsion were evaluated. Forty-three terpenoid components were identified and categorized as mono- (42.94%), sesqui- (31.66%), and diterpenes (23.74%). The main compounds of the ABSEO were beyerene (20.81%), α-pinene (16.21%), D-limonene (14.22%), germacrene D (6.69%), β-humulene (4.14%), and sabinene (4.12%). The ABSEO and its nanoemulsion exhibited significant inflammation suppression in carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model, in both oral (50 and 100 mg/kg) and topical (5% in soyabean oil) routes, compared to the control and reference drugs groups. All the results demonstrated the significant inflammation reduction via the inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL8), nitrosative (NO), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) supported by the histopathological studies and immunohistochemical assessment of MMP-9 and NF-κβ levels in paw tissues. Moreover, the oral administration of ABSEO and its nanoemulsion (50 and 100 mg/kg) exhibited antipyretic activity in rats, demonstrated by the inhibition of hyperthermia induced by intramuscular injection of brewer's yeast. These findings advised that the use of ABSEO and its nanoemulsion against numerous inflammatory and hyperthermia ailments that could be attributed to its active constituents.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antipyretics; Araucaria; Carrageenan; Edema; Emulsions; Fever; Inflammation; Male; Oils, Volatile; Pain; Plant Extracts; Plant Shoots; Rats; Rats, Wistar
PubMed: 34641376
DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195833 -
Bioscience Reports Jan 2021Perilla frutescens fruit oil (PFO) is rich in α-linolenic acid (ALA) and exhibits biological activities. We aimed to investigate analgesic, anti-inflammatory and...
Perilla frutescens fruit oil (PFO) is rich in α-linolenic acid (ALA) and exhibits biological activities. We aimed to investigate analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcer activities of PFO and PFO-supplemented soybean milk (PFO-SM) in animal models. Analgesic activity was assessed in acetic acid-induced writhing in mice, while anti-inflammatory activity was performed in ethyl phenylpropiolate (EPP)-induced ear edema and carrageenan-induced hind paw edema in rats. Anti-ulcer effects were conducted in water immersion stress, HCl/ethanol and indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats. Distinctly, PFO, containing 6.96 mg ALA and 2.61 mg LA equivalence/g, did not induce acute toxicity (LD50 > 10 mL/kg) in mice. PFO (2.5 and 5 mL/kg) and PFO-SM (0.05 mL PFO equivalence/kg) inhibited incidences of writhing (16.8, 18.0 and 32.3%, respectively) in acetic acid-induced mice. In addition, topical applications of PFO (0.1 and 1 mL/ear) significantly inhibited EPP-induced ear edema (59.3 and 65.7%, respectively) in rats, while PFO-SM slightly inhibited ear edema (25.9%). However, PFO and PFO-SM did not inhibit carrageenan-induced hind paw edema in rats. Indeed, PFO (2.5 and 5 mL/kg) significantly inhibited gastric ulcers in rats that induced by water immersion stress (92.4 and 96.6%, respectively), HCl/ethanol (74.8 and 73.3%, respectively) and indomethacin (68.8 and 88.9%, respectively), while PFO-SM did not. PFO displayed potent analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcer properties, while PFO-SM exerted only analgesic properties. Thus, Thai PFO and its functional drink offer potential benefits in treatment of analgesic, inflammatory diseases and gastric ulcer.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Anti-Ulcer Agents; Edema; Male; Mice; Perilla; Plant Oils; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stomach Ulcer
PubMed: 33399183
DOI: 10.1042/BSR20203166 -
BMJ Case Reports Feb 2020A 35-year-old woman presented with a progressively increasing swelling over the left side of the upper part of the neck for the past 8 months with no associated pain...
A 35-year-old woman presented with a progressively increasing swelling over the left side of the upper part of the neck for the past 8 months with no associated pain over the swelling. On examination, a non-tender, firm, well-defined, oval swelling of size 3×2 cm was palpable in the left submandibular region that was mobile, non-pulsatile and free from the overlying skin and the underlying muscle. Ultrasonography revealed a bilobed heteroechoic lesion in the left submandibular region with internal vascularity and multiple macrocalcification within it. During the procedure for surgically excising the swelling, we found that it was separate from the gland and vascular structures, had a sinus tracking over and around the left submandibular gland extending beyond the angle of mandible up to the root of a decayed left lower second molar tooth.
Topics: Adult; Dental Caries; Diagnosis, Differential; Edema; Female; Humans; Mandibular Diseases; Tooth Extraction
PubMed: 32047083
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2019-232681 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Dec 2022In this study, 1-methylhydantoin cinnamic imides were synthesized from 1-methylhydantoin and -cinnamic acid, and their anti-inflammatory activity was investigated. The...
In this study, 1-methylhydantoin cinnamic imides were synthesized from 1-methylhydantoin and -cinnamic acid, and their anti-inflammatory activity was investigated. The anti-inflammatory activity in vitro was evaluated by measuring the contents of NO, TNF-α and IL-1β in the supernatant of RAW264.7 cells stimulated by LPS. The cytotoxicity of 1-methylhydantoin cinnamoyl imides on RAW264.7 cells was detected using the CCK-8 method. The results showed that compounds and can significantly inhibit the release of NO and reduce the secretion of TNF-α and IL-1β. Compound inhibited the production of TNF-α. The inhibition rate of COX was evaluated in vitro. The in vivo anti-inflammatory activities of the five compounds were evaluated by establishing an animal model of xylene ear swelling. The results showed that 1-methylhydantoin cinnamic imides could alleviate xylene-induced ear edema in mice in a dose-dependent manner. Among them, the effect of compound was the most significant. Under the action of high dosage, its ear swelling inhibition rate was as high as 52.08%.
Topics: Mice; Animals; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Imides; Plant Extracts; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Edema; RAW 264.7 Cells; Lipopolysaccharides
PubMed: 36500568
DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238481