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Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal Dec 2020
Topics: Adult; Airway Obstruction; Arytenoid Cartilage; Humans; Laryngoplasty; Male; Medical Illustration; Postoperative Complications; Postoperative Hemorrhage; Tracheotomy; Vocal Cord Paralysis
PubMed: 31296050
DOI: 10.1177/0145561319862789 -
Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica Mar 2020Ovine laryngeal chondritis is a rare entity of sheep in the USA, Great Britain, New Zealand and Iceland, but has not been reported in Germany so far. Here, two German...
BACKGROUND
Ovine laryngeal chondritis is a rare entity of sheep in the USA, Great Britain, New Zealand and Iceland, but has not been reported in Germany so far. Here, two German cases are reported.
CASE PRESENTATION
Two rams showed severe and progressive signs of dyspnea. Endoscopically, a severe bilateral swelling of the larynx was identified in both rams. Due to poor prognosis and progression of clinical signs one ram was euthanized, while the other ram died overnight. In both cases, a necrosuppurative laryngitis and chondritis of arytenoid cartilages was found at necropsy. Fusobacterium necrophorum and Streptococcus ovis were isolated from the laryngeal lesion in one animal.
CONCLUSIONS
This is the first report of ovine laryngeal chondritis in continental Europe. This entity should be considered a differential diagnosis for upper airway disease in sheep.
Topics: Animals; Autopsy; Cartilage Diseases; Euthanasia, Animal; Fatal Outcome; Fusobacterium Infections; Fusobacterium necrophorum; Germany; Laryngeal Diseases; Larynx; Male; Sheep; Sheep Diseases; Streptococcal Infections; Streptococcus
PubMed: 32131871
DOI: 10.1186/s13028-020-0510-0 -
American Journal of Veterinary Research Feb 2024To describe left recurrent laryngeal neurectomy (LRLn) performed under standing sedation and evaluate the effect of LRLn on upper respiratory tract function using a...
OBJECTIVE
To describe left recurrent laryngeal neurectomy (LRLn) performed under standing sedation and evaluate the effect of LRLn on upper respiratory tract function using a high-speed treadmill test (HST). We hypothesized that (1) unilateral LRLn could be performed in standing horses, resulting in ipsilateral arytenoid cartilage collapse (ACC); and (2) HST after LRLn would be associated with alterations in upper respiratory function consistent with dynamic ACC.
ANIMALS
6 Thoroughbred horses.
METHODS
The horses were trained and underwent a baseline HST up to 14 m/s at 5% incline until fatigue. Evaluation included; airflow, pharyngeal and tracheal pressures, and dynamic upper respiratory tract endoscopy. Trans-laryngeal impedance (TLI) and left-to-right quotient angle ratio (LRQ) were calculated after testing. The following day, standing LRLn was performed in the mid-cervical region. A HST was repeated within 4 days after surgery.
RESULTS
Standing LRLn was performed without complication resulting in Havemayer grade 4 ACC at rest (complete paralysis) and Rakestraw grade C or D ACC (collapse up to or beyond rima glottis midline) during exercise. Increasing treadmill speed from 11 to 14 m/s increased TLI (P < .001) and reduced LRQ (P < .001). Neurectomy resulted in an increase in TLI (P = .021) and a reduction in LRQ (P < .001).
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Standing LRLn induces laryngeal hemiplegia that can be evaluated using a HST closely after neurectomy. Standing LRLn may be useful for future prospective evaluations of surgical interventions for laryngeal hemiplegia.
Topics: Horses; Animals; Exercise Test; Hemiplegia; Vocal Cord Paralysis; Larynx; Denervation; Horse Diseases
PubMed: 38086174
DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.23.08.0185 -
Open Veterinary Journal Apr 2020Laryngeal paralysis, failure of arytenoid cartilage, and vocal fold abduction are commonly seen in older medium to large breed dogs. Observation of laryngeal function in...
BACKGROUND
Laryngeal paralysis, failure of arytenoid cartilage, and vocal fold abduction are commonly seen in older medium to large breed dogs. Observation of laryngeal function in dogs and cats is performed by transoral visualization. There are a variety of surgical techniques; aspiration pneumonia is the most common complication associated with surgical correction of laryngeal paralysis. The aim of this case series is to report on the placement of a laryngeal silicone stent in seven dogs with laryngeal paralysis and its use as an alternative treatment of respiratory distress caused by laryngeal paralysis and/or its use for laryngeal stenosis as complication of laryngeal paralysis surgery.
CASE DESCRIPTION
Seven dogs presented with either episode of gagging, mild-to-severe inspiratory distress, or cyanosis because of a laryngeal paralysis or laryngeal stenosis. In each case, the laryngeal paralysis was diagnosed by direct laryngoscopy. They were treated with a silicone laryngeal stent (Stening) that substantially improved the clinical signs. Each dog had a different outcome because of other pathologies; however, the laryngeal pathology was successfully treated with the stent.
CONCLUSION
The placement of the laryngeal stent is an easy technique to learn and practice, it could avoid the life-threatening complications of the laryngeal paralysis at the acute phase, and it could be a noninvasive and long-term alternative therapy for laryngeal paralysis in dogs. The results in these clinical cases are encouraging for considering the laryngeal stent as a therapeutic alternative.
Topics: Animals; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Female; Male; Pedigree; Respiratory Distress Syndrome; Stents; Vocal Cord Paralysis
PubMed: 32426250
DOI: 10.4314/ovj.v10i1.2 -
European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology,... Aug 2021
Topics: Arytenoid Cartilage; Endoscopy; Humans; Laryngoscopy; Vocal Cord Paralysis
PubMed: 34053888
DOI: 10.1016/j.anorl.2021.04.007 -
American Journal of Veterinary Research May 2023Evaluation of the strength of the novel suture technique by comparison with a 2-interrupted suture technique.
OBJECTIVES
Evaluation of the strength of the novel suture technique by comparison with a 2-interrupted suture technique.
SAMPLE
40 equine larynges.
PROCEDURES
40 larynges were used; 16 laryngoplasties were performed using the currently accepted 2-suture technique and 16 using the novel suture technique. These specimens were subjected to a single cycle to failure. Eight specimens were used to compare the rima glottidis area achieved with 2 different techniques.
RESULTS
The mean force to failure, as well as the rima glottidis area of both constructs, were not significantly different. The cricoid width did not have a significant effect on the force to failure.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Our results suggest that both constructs are equally strong and can achieve a similar cross-sectional area of the rima glottidis. Laryngoplasty ("tie-back") is currently the treatment of choice for horses with exercise intolerance due to recurrent laryngeal neuropathy. Failure to maintain the expected degree of arytenoid abduction post-surgery occurs in some horses. We believe this novel 2-loop pulley load-sharing suture technique can help achieve and, more importantly, maintain the desired degree of abduction during surgery.
Topics: Horses; Animals; Laryngoplasty; Larynx; Arytenoid Cartilage; Suture Techniques; Sutures
PubMed: 36867543
DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.22.11.0189 -
Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai... Feb 2022The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of unilateral posterior glottic cleft dilatation with low-temperature plasma under the endoscope in the treatment of...
The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of unilateral posterior glottic cleft dilatation with low-temperature plasma under the endoscope in the treatment of bilateral vocal cord paralysis dyspnea. Forty-one patients with bilateral vocal cord paralysis were recruited, and they were all admitted to the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from March 2014 to June 2019. Those 41 patients were all treated with low-temperature plasma to completely resect unilateral arytenoid cartilage and the posterior 1/3 of the ipsilateral vocal cord. Fiber laryngoscopy was performed before and after operation. The clinical efficacy of the operation was evaluated by the size of glottis cleta, the improvement rate of dyspnea, voice satisfaction, swallowing function, the tracheal cannula removal rate and postoperative complication rate. Forty-one patients were followed up for 24-88 months. The rate of one-pass extubation was 88.57%(31/35). The satisfaction rate of voice was 92.11%(35/38). The recovery rate of swallowing function was 97.56%(40/41). This study demonstrated that the application of low-temperature plasma in unilateral posterior glottic cleft dilatation could significantly improved the ventilation function of patients with bilateral vocal cord paralysis, with a reliable curative effect and a high extubation rate. It is a safe, reliable, simple and minimally invasive treatment option for the treatment of bilateral vocal cord paralysis.
Topics: Arytenoid Cartilage; Dilatation; Dyspnea; Humans; Laryngoscopy; Treatment Outcome; Vocal Cord Paralysis
PubMed: 35172546
DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2022.02.006 -
Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal Aug 2020
Topics: Arytenoid Cartilage; Dysphonia; Female; Humans; Laryngoplasty; Male; Medical Illustration; Middle Aged; Postoperative Complications; Treatment Outcome; Vocal Cords
PubMed: 31111728
DOI: 10.1177/0145561319850565 -
Journal of General and Family Medicine Nov 2020A 62-year-old woman presented with a dry cough lasting 18 months. She had previously been examined by multiple doctors, but no abnormalities were observed. Several...
A 62-year-old woman presented with a dry cough lasting 18 months. She had previously been examined by multiple doctors, but no abnormalities were observed. Several medications such as rabeprazole and inhaled corticosteroids were administered as test treatments without any improvement. Therefore, the possibility of biological disease, including acid reflux, had been mistakenly ruled out. We examined the sputum gram stain. The result showed phagocyted normal bacterial flora, suggesting aspiration. Laryngoscopy revealed edema of the arytenoid cartilage. The patient was finally diagnosed with laryngopharyngeal reflux and silent aspiration. This case suggested that the ineffectiveness of proton-pump inhibitors cannot always exclude the presence of reflux disease and the usefulness of gram stain examination to detect silent aspiration.
PubMed: 33304721
DOI: 10.1002/jgf2.348 -
The Laryngoscope Nov 2020View Video S1 , 2020
View Video S1 , 2020
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Arytenoid Cartilage; Female; Hoarseness; Humans; Laryngoplasty; Male; Middle Aged; Prostheses and Implants; Prosthesis Design; Titanium; Treatment Outcome; Vocal Cords
PubMed: 32619273
DOI: 10.1002/lary.28865