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Nutrients Jan 2021Several changes of magnesium (Mg) metabolism have been reported with aging, including diminished Mg intake, impaired intestinal Mg absorption and renal Mg wasting. Mild... (Review)
Review
Several changes of magnesium (Mg) metabolism have been reported with aging, including diminished Mg intake, impaired intestinal Mg absorption and renal Mg wasting. Mild Mg deficits are generally asymptomatic and clinical signs are usually non-specific or absent. Asthenia, sleep disorders, hyperemotionality, and cognitive disorders are common in the elderly with mild Mg deficit, and may be often confused with age-related symptoms. Chronic Mg deficits increase the production of free radicals which have been implicated in the development of several chronic age-related disorders. Numerous human diseases have been associated with Mg deficits, including cardiovascular diseases, hypertension and stroke, cardio-metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus, airways constrictive syndromes and asthma, depression, stress-related conditions and psychiatric disorders, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other dementia syndromes, muscular diseases (muscle pain, chronic fatigue, and fibromyalgia), bone fragility, and cancer. Dietary Mg and/or Mg consumed in drinking water (generally more bioavailable than Mg contained in food) or in alternative Mg supplements should be taken into consideration in the correction of Mg deficits. Maintaining an optimal Mg balance all through life may help in the prevention of oxidative stress and chronic conditions associated with aging. This needs to be demonstrated by future studies.
Topics: Aged; Aging; Animals; Humans; Magnesium; Magnesium Deficiency
PubMed: 33573164
DOI: 10.3390/nu13020463 -
Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and... Jun 2020Cancer cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome characterized by a progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass, along with adipose tissue wasting, systemic inflammation and... (Review)
Review
Cancer cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome characterized by a progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass, along with adipose tissue wasting, systemic inflammation and other metabolic abnormalities leading to functional impairment. Cancer cachexia has long been recognized as a direct cause of complications in cancer patients, reducing quality of life and worsening disease outcomes. Some related conditions, like sarcopenia (age-related muscle wasting), anorexia (appetite loss) and asthenia (reduced muscular strength and fatigue), share some key features with cancer cachexia, such as weakness and systemic inflammation. Understanding the interplay and the differences between these conditions is critical to advance basic and translational research in this field, improving the accuracy of diagnosis and contributing to finally achieve effective therapies for affected patients.
Topics: Anorexia; Asthenia; Cachexia; Humans; Quality of Life; Sarcopenia
PubMed: 32142217
DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12528 -
International Journal of Environmental... Feb 2022Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome is a respiratory sleep disorder characterized by partial or complete recurrent episodes of upper airway collapse that occur during...
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome is a respiratory sleep disorder characterized by partial or complete recurrent episodes of upper airway collapse that occur during the night. The OSA manifests with a reduction (hypopnea) or complete cessation (apnea) of airflow in the upper airways, associated with breathing effort. OSA is a frequent and often underestimated pathology affecting between 2 and 5% of the middle-aged population. Typical nocturnal symptoms are the persistent snoring and awakenings with dyspnea sensation. On the other hand, diurnal symptoms could be sleepiness, headaches, asthenia, neurological disorders, and impaired personal relationships. Surgery of the velo-pharyngeal region had a huge evolution going from ablative techniques (UP3 and LAUP) to remodeling techniques of the pharyngeal lateral walls.
Topics: Humans; Lung; Middle Aged; Pharynx; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive; Sleep Wake Disorders; Snoring
PubMed: 35206645
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042459 -
International Journal of Molecular... Nov 2023Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN), also known as panarteritis nodosa, represents a form of necrotizing vasculitis that predominantly affects medium-sized vessels, although it... (Review)
Review
Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN), also known as panarteritis nodosa, represents a form of necrotizing vasculitis that predominantly affects medium-sized vessels, although it is not restricted to them and can also involve smaller vessels. The clinical presentation is heterogeneous and characterized by a significant number of patients exhibiting general symptoms, including asthenia, fever, and unintended weight loss. Although PAN can involve virtually any organ, it preferentially affects the skin, nervous system, and the gastrointestinal tract. Orchitis is a rare but specific manifestation of PAN. The absence of granulomas, glomerulonephritis, and anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies serves to distinguish PAN from other types of vasculitis. Major complications consist of hemorrhagic and thrombotic events occurring in mesenteric, cardiac, cerebral, and renal systems. Historically, PAN was frequently linked to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, but this association has dramatically changed in recent years due to declining HBV prevalence. Current epidemiological research often identifies a connection between PAN and genetic syndromes as well as neoplasia. This article provides a comprehensive review of PAN, specifically focusing on the progression of its clinical manifestations over time.
Topics: Male; Humans; Polyarteritis Nodosa; Vasculitis; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B virus; Gastrointestinal Tract
PubMed: 38068989
DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316668 -
Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology 2022To study the characteristics of asthenic syndrome and the potential for treating it in the postcovid period. A continuous sampling method was used to select 129...
To study the characteristics of asthenic syndrome and the potential for treating it in the postcovid period. A continuous sampling method was used to select 129 patients (mean age 49.8 ± 8.9 years) after COVID-19. Study patients were selected at the clinical out-patient and polyclinic facilities in Samara in the period July-August, 2020. All patients signed informed consent. The envelope method was used to randomize patients into two groups: the study group ( = 64) received ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate (Neurox) 1 tablet (125 mg) three times daily for four weeks; medications in the reference group ( = 65) did not include any substances of the pharmacological antihypoxant/antioxidant/nootrope groups. Three visits (V) were made: the first (V) was before inclusion in the study; the second (V) was at 14 days; the third (V) was on day 28 from treatment initiation. The dynamics of overall status (weakness, fatigue, concentration of attention, vertigo, headache, sleep impairment) were evaluated on a visual analog scale (VAS); the subjective perception of the severity of asthenia (tiredness, physical and mental fatigue, decreased motivation and activity) was evaluated using the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory, MFI-20); cognitive functions were assessed using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSA); and autonomic tone was assessed using the Kérdö index. At the end of the study (V), statistically significant changes in measures (VAS, MFI-20) were seen only in patients of the study group; the Kérdö Index showed no statistically significant differences. Analysis of MMSE data revealed a decline in cognitive functions in both groups, which may be linked with pseudocognitive deficit due to asthenia. Our studies yielded evidence of a high incidence of asthenic syndrome after COVID-19. Neurox decreased the severity and extent of the symptoms of asthenia.
PubMed: 35317270
DOI: 10.1007/s11055-022-01222-6 -
Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology 2022Asthenia is a clinical syndrome that can be manifest in almost all somatic, infectious, and neurological diseases. Initially a protective mechanism indicating depletion...
Asthenia is a clinical syndrome that can be manifest in almost all somatic, infectious, and neurological diseases. Initially a protective mechanism indicating depletion of energy resources, asthenia can become a pathological and extremely disabling condition, and can even progress to an independent immune-mediated disease - chronic fatigue syndrome. Asthenia is often combined with affective and cognitive disorders, producing diagnostic difficulties. The article addresses the complex interweaving of asthenia, chronic fatigue syndrome, and cognitive and affective disorders.
PubMed: 36846620
DOI: 10.1007/s11055-023-01364-1 -
Radiology Case Reports Sep 2022Primary intracranial germ cell tumors are rare, often affecting children and young patients. Germinomas are the most common type of germ cell tumors. We present the case...
Primary intracranial germ cell tumors are rare, often affecting children and young patients. Germinomas are the most common type of germ cell tumors. We present the case of a 10-year-old child, who was admitted with decreased visual acuity, asthenia, polyuro-polydipsic syndrome, and gait disorder. His biological assessment showed an hypocortisolemia and diabetes insipidus. Imaging found a bifocal process in the suprasellar and pineal region, suggestive of a bifocal germinoma. Imaging data and the positivity of human chorionic gonadotrophin in the cerebrospinal fluid were in favor of the diagnosis of bifocal germinal tumor confirmed by biopsy. Currently the patient is hospitalized in pediatric oncology department. The diagnosis of germ cell tumors is based on imaging, tumor marker assays, and biopsy. They are treated by radiation therapy alone or in combination with reduction chemotherapy, and surgery for tumor residues. The location of the tumor usually makes surgery difficult.
PubMed: 35755113
DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2022.05.080 -
BMJ Case Reports Oct 2020A 60-year-old woman was investigated for abdominal pain and increasing asthenia. Abdominal CT revealed a 25 mm hypodense cystic lesion in the tail of the pancreas. MRI...
A 60-year-old woman was investigated for abdominal pain and increasing asthenia. Abdominal CT revealed a 25 mm hypodense cystic lesion in the tail of the pancreas. MRI showed a multiloculated cystic lesion, T1-hypointense and T2-hyperintense lesion, without wall enhancement. Endoscopic ultrasound detected a 25 mm multi-loculated cystic lesion, with regular margin and without pancreatic duct communication. Diagnosis of pancreatic mucinous cystadenoma was discussed and the patient was referred to surgery. She underwent distal pancreatectomy with spleen preservation. Pathological examination revealed the diagnosis of pancreatic mesothelial cyst. Histologically, the cyst was multiloculated, lined by cuboidal epithelium, ovoid nuclei and amphophilic cytoplasm, without mucin deposition or cytological atypia. Immunohistochemistry examination revealed positive staining for cytokeratin 5/6, vimentin and calretinin. At 1-year follow-up, she is in her usual health, without any symptoms.
Topics: Cystadenoma, Mucinous; Diagnosis, Differential; Endosonography; Epithelium; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Middle Aged; Pancreas; Pancreatectomy; Pancreatic Cyst; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 33028569
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2020-236255 -
Cancer Treatment and Research... 2021Sunitinib malate is a multitargeted oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) which is used in treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma with side effects such as...
Sunitinib malate is a multitargeted oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) which is used in treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma with side effects such as diarrhea, mucositis, asthenia and myelosuppression. Serious toxicity associated with sunitinib is a rare situation. However; there are few cases reported in the literature. As a result of the inhibition that is caused by sunitinib malate agent at the receptor level, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) level increases. These increased VEGF levels are considered to having a positive contribution on neurological side effects. Neurotoxicity that is related with the usage of sunitinib malate for two weeks will be presented in this case report.
Topics: Acute Disease; Antineoplastic Agents; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Humans; Kidney Neoplasms; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Muscle Weakness; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Sunitinib
PubMed: 33812180
DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2021.100366 -
Viruses Apr 2022Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a herpesvirus that alternates lytic and latent infection, infecting between 40 and 95% of the population worldwide, usually without... (Review)
Review
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a herpesvirus that alternates lytic and latent infection, infecting between 40 and 95% of the population worldwide, usually without symptoms. During its lytic cycle, HCMV can result in fever, asthenia, and, in some cases, can lead to severe symptoms such as hepatitis, pneumonitis, meningitis, retinitis, and severe cytomegalovirus disease, especially in immunocompromised individuals. Usually, the host immune response keeps the virus in a latent stage, although HCMV can reactivate in an inflammatory context, which could result in sequential lytic/latent viral cycles during the lifetime and thereby participate in the HCMV genomic diversity in humans and the high level of HCMV intrahost genomic variability. The oncomodulatory role of HCMV has been reported, where the virus will favor the development and spread of cancerous cells. Recently, an oncogenic role of HCMV has been highlighted in which the virus will directly transform primary cells and might therefore be defined as the eighth human oncovirus. In light of these new findings, it is critical to understand the role of the immune landscape, including the tumor microenvironment present in HCMV-harboring tumors. Finally, the oncomodulatory/oncogenic potential of HCMV could lead to the development of novel adapted therapeutic approaches against HCMV, especially since immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer therapeutic strategies and new therapeutic approaches are actively needed, particularly to fight tumors of poor prognosis.
Topics: Carcinogenesis; Cytomegalovirus; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Humans; Immunotherapy; Neoplasms; Oncogenes; Tumor Microenvironment
PubMed: 35458542
DOI: 10.3390/v14040812