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Ciencia & Saude Coletiva Jul 2023Beriberi is the clinical manifestation of severe and prolonged thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency. It is a neglected disease that affects low-income populations facing...
Beriberi is the clinical manifestation of severe and prolonged thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency. It is a neglected disease that affects low-income populations facing food and nutrition insecurity. The aim of this study was to compare cases of beriberi among indigenous and non-indigenous people in Brazil. We conducted a cross-sectional study using data on cases of beriberi during the period July 2013-September 2018 derived from beriberi notification forms available on the FormSUS platform. Cases in indigenous and non-indigenous patients were compared using the chi-squared test or Fisher's exact test, adopting a significance level of 0.05. A total of 414 cases of beriberi were reported in the country during the study period, 210 of which (50.7%) were among indigenous people. Alcohol consumption was reported by 58.1% of the indigenous patients and 71.6% of the non-indigenous patients (p = 0.004); 71.0% of the indigenous patients reported that they consumed caxiri, a traditional alcoholic drink. Daily physical exertion was reported by 76.1% of the indigenous patients and 40.2% of the non-indigenous patients (p < 0.001). It is concluded that beriberi disproportionately affects indigenous people and is associated with alcohol consumption and physical exertion.
Topics: Humans; Beriberi; Brazil; Cross-Sectional Studies; Thiamine Deficiency; Thiamine
PubMed: 37436313
DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232023287.16422022 -
Phytochemistry Reviews : Proceedings of... 2020S. Moore () is distributed widely in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia and Africa. The root of this plant is known in Chinese as "Fen Fang Ji". It is commonly... (Review)
Review
ABSTRACT
S. Moore () is distributed widely in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia and Africa. The root of this plant is known in Chinese as "Fen Fang Ji". It is commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat arthralgia caused by rheumatism, wet beriberi, dysuria, eczema and inflamed sores. Although promising reports have been published on the various chemical constituents and activities of , no review comprehensively summarizes its traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology. Therefore, the review aims to provide a critical and comprehensive evaluation of the traditional use, phytochemistry, pharmacological properties, pharmacokinetics and toxicology of in China, and meaningful guidelines for future investigations.
PubMed: 32336965
DOI: 10.1007/s11101-020-09673-w -
Annals of the New York Academy of... Aug 2021Often thought to be a nutritional issue limited to low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), pediatric thiamine deficiency (PTD) is perceived as being eradicated or... (Review)
Review
Often thought to be a nutritional issue limited to low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), pediatric thiamine deficiency (PTD) is perceived as being eradicated or anecdotal in high-income countries (HICs). In HICs, classic beriberi cases in breastfed infants by thiamine-deficient mothers living in disadvantaged socioeconomic conditions are thought to be rare. This study aims to assess PTD in HICs in the 21st century. Literature searches were conducted to identify case reports of PTD observed in HICs and published between 2000 and 2020. The analyzed variables were age, country, underlying conditions, clinical manifestations of PTD, and response to thiamine supplementation. One hundred and ten articles were identified, totaling 389 PTD cases that were classified into four age groups: neonates, infants, children, and adolescents. Eleven categories of PTD-predisposing factors were identified, including genetic causes, lifestyle (diabetes, obesity, and excessive consumption of sweetened beverages), eating disorders, cancer, gastrointestinal disorders/surgeries, critical illness, and artificial nutrition. TD-associated hyperlactatemia and Wernicke encephalopathy were the most frequent clinical manifestations. The circumstances surrounding PTD in HICs differ from classic PTD observed in LMICs and this study delineates its mutiple predisposing factors. Further studies are required to estimate its magnitude. Awareness is of utmost importance in clinical practice.
Topics: Age Factors; Beriberi; Child; Developed Countries; Disease Management; Disease Susceptibility; History, 21st Century; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Public Health Surveillance; Socioeconomic Factors; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency
PubMed: 34309858
DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14669 -
Indian Pediatrics Apr 2020
Topics: Beriberi; Humans
PubMed: 32284488
DOI: No ID Found -
JACC. Case Reports Nov 2023We report a case of cardiac beriberi in a 76-year-old man who was hospitalized with a congestive condition of subacute onset, diagnosed as high-output heart failure...
We report a case of cardiac beriberi in a 76-year-old man who was hospitalized with a congestive condition of subacute onset, diagnosed as high-output heart failure associated with severe tricuspid regurgitation and indication for caval valve implantation, which, after thiamine replacement, resulted in improvement of all conditions. ().
PubMed: 38094213
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaccas.2023.102040 -
Cureus Jul 2022Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) is a manifestation of thiamine deficiency. The majority of affected patients are alcoholics and are adults. Often, clinicians fail to...
Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) is a manifestation of thiamine deficiency. The majority of affected patients are alcoholics and are adults. Often, clinicians fail to recognize that WE can also be found in non-alcoholic patients at risk for thiamine deficiency. Sometimes patients may not present with all the classic features, or the individual clinical signs may be treated as single problems and not a constellation of signs that form a diagnosis of WE. We present a unique case of a four-year-old male with a past medical history of food aversion who presented with intractable vomiting and weakness. The patient's clinical features showed signs of severe dehydration and weight loss. His clinical state subsequently progressed to having ophthalmoplegia and gait ataxia. Brain MRI demonstrated mamillary body changes, and serum thiamine level was significantly below the normal limit. Based on the patient's clinical assessment, deficient serum thiamine, and MRI findings, WE was diagnosed. The patient was evaluated by Pediatric Neurology and started on treatment with high dose IV thiamine. He showed an excellent response to thiamine treatment and had a significant resolution in his symptoms before discharge.
PubMed: 36039248
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.27260 -
Nutrients Sep 2020Thiamine is a crucial cofactor involved in the maintenance of carbohydrate metabolism and participates in multiple cellular metabolic processes. Although thiamine can be...
Thiamine is a crucial cofactor involved in the maintenance of carbohydrate metabolism and participates in multiple cellular metabolic processes. Although thiamine can be obtained from various food sources, some common food groups are deficient in thiamine, and it can be denatured by high temperature and pH. Additionally, different drugs can alter thiamine metabolism. In addition, the half-life of thiamine in the body is between 1 and 3 weeks. All these factors could provide an explanation for the relatively short period needed to develop thiamine deficiency and observe the consequent clinical symptoms. Thiamine deficiency could lead to neurological and cardiological problems. These clinical conditions could be severe or even fatal. Marginal deficiency too may promote weaker symptoms that might be overlooked. Patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal or pancreatic surgery could have or develop thiamine deficiency for many different reasons. To achieve the best outcome for these patients, we strongly recommend the execution of both an adequate preoperative nutritional assessment, which includes thiamine evaluation, and a close nutritional follow up to avoid a nutrient deficit in the postoperative period.
Topics: Digestive System Surgical Procedures; Humans; Nutritional Status; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency
PubMed: 32933220
DOI: 10.3390/nu12092810 -
Annals of the New York Academy of... Jan 2022Thiamine deficiency disorders are associated with a variety of clinical symptoms affecting the nervous and cardiovascular systems. There is growing recognition that...
Thiamine deficiency disorders are associated with a variety of clinical symptoms affecting the nervous and cardiovascular systems. There is growing recognition that thiamine deficiency can occur in populations well beyond the classical region of South Asia, and at-risk populations include those who receive a large proportion of their energy from polished white rice (or other low-thiamine staple foods) and with low dietary diversity. Reports of thiamine deficiency in West Africa over the last century have suggested that this has historically been an issue in this population, but in more recent decades, these reports have been limited to prison populations. To understand if thiamine deficiency might be an unrecognized problem in the communities of this region, erythrocyte samples collected during the wet and dry seasons from 226 women of reproductive age (mean age = 28 years old) were assessed for thiamine status by measuring the erythrocyte transketolase activity coefficient (ETKac). Overall, 35.8% of the sample was at high risk of thiamine deficiency (ETKac ≥ 1.25). Risk of thiamine deficiency was significantly higher in the wet (47.9%) compared with the dry season (22.9%) (P < 0.001). To our knowledge, this is the first report of biochemical thiamine deficiency in a free-living population in West Africa in the 21st century and suggests that further investigation is warranted.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Female; Gambia; Humans; Reproduction; Rural Population; Thiamine Deficiency; Young Adult
PubMed: 34542918
DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14695 -
The American Journal of Tropical... Apr 2021Thiamine deficiency disorders are an under-recognized public health problem in low- and middle-income countries. Infantile beriberi, the most important symptom for...
Thiamine deficiency disorders are an under-recognized public health problem in low- and middle-income countries. Infantile beriberi, the most important symptom for children, is suspected to significantly contribute to infant mortality and lifelong neurodevelopmental morbidity. Lack of awareness, varied clinical presentation, and lack of a readily available diagnostic marker lead to frequent misdiagnoses. We report six thriving infants who presented with an acute fulminant illness with varied clinical manifestations mimicking common childhood illnesses like pneumonia and sepsis. Four of them presented with the severe cardiovascular form, called Shoshin beriberi, and severe pulmonary arterial hypertension. Empirical intravenous thiamine administered to four of the six infants resulted in dramatic recovery. Awareness of the clinical definition of infantile beriberi and treatment with empirical thiamine can be lifesaving.
Topics: Beriberi; Fatal Outcome; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 33872213
DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0881 -
Cureus Jul 2022Thiamine, also known as vitamin B1, plays a fundamental role in energy metabolism. The organs most sensitive to thiamine deficiency are the cardiovascular and nervous...
Thiamine, also known as vitamin B1, plays a fundamental role in energy metabolism. The organs most sensitive to thiamine deficiency are the cardiovascular and nervous systems. The usual presentations include Wernicke's encephalopathy, polyneuropathy (known as "dry beriberi"), and the cardiovascular form (known as "wet beriberi"). Wet beriberi-induced acute severe pulmonary hypertension has rarely been previously described. Here we present a case of wet beriberi with severe right heart failure due to acute pulmonary hypertension. The underlying physiologic derangements dramatically improved after thiamine treatment. No other possible causes of pulmonary hypertension could be identified, with the exception of thiamine deficiency. This case illustrates the importance of considering wet beriberi as a possible cause of acute pulmonary hypertension with right heart failure.
PubMed: 36046304
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.27376