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Acta Dermato-venereologica Feb 2020Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) is an autoimmune skin disease that causes itchy, blistering rash, typically on the elbows, knees and buttocks. DH and coeliac disease share... (Review)
Review
Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) is an autoimmune skin disease that causes itchy, blistering rash, typically on the elbows, knees and buttocks. DH and coeliac disease share the same genetic background, gluten-dependent enteropathy and antibody response against tissue transglutaminase. DH is currently considered a cutaneous manifestation of coeliac disease, and the prevailing hypothesis is that DH develops as a late manifestation of subclinical coeliac disease. The incidence of DH is decreasing contemporarily with the increasing incidence of coeliac disease. The IgA immune response in DH skin is directed against epidermal transglutaminase, while the autoantigen in the gut is tissue transglutaminase. Granular IgA deposition in the papillary dermis is pathognomonic for DH, and is a finding used to confirm the diagnosis. The treatment of choice for DH is a life-long gluten-free diet, which resolves the rash and enteropathy, increases quality of life, and offers a good long-term prognosis.
Topics: Autoimmune Diseases; Celiac Disease; Combined Modality Therapy; Comorbidity; Dapsone; Dermatitis Herpetiformis; Diet, Gluten-Free; Female; Humans; Incidence; Male; Prognosis; Risk Assessment; Transglutaminases; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 32039457
DOI: 10.2340/00015555-3401 -
International Journal of Molecular... Oct 2022Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) induces immune-mediated type 1 interferon (IFN-1) production, the pathophysiology of which involves sterile... (Review)
Review
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) induces immune-mediated type 1 interferon (IFN-1) production, the pathophysiology of which involves sterile alpha motif and histidine-aspartate domain-containing protein 1 (SAMHD1) tetramerization and the cytosolic DNA sensor cyclic-GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling pathway. As a result, type I interferonopathies are exacerbated. Aspirin inhibits cGAS-mediated signaling through cGAS acetylation. Acetylation contributes to cGAS activity control and activates IFN-1 production and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling via STING. Aspirin and dapsone inhibit the activation of both IFN-1 and NF-κB by targeting cGAS. We define these as anticatalytic mechanisms. It is necessary to alleviate the pathologic course and take the lag time of the odds of achieving viral clearance by day 7 to coordinate innate or adaptive immune cell reactions.
Topics: Humans; Acetylation; NF-kappa B; Drug Repositioning; Membrane Proteins; SARS-CoV-2; Nucleotidyltransferases; Interferon Type I; Aspirin; Immunity, Innate; COVID-19 Drug Treatment
PubMed: 36362045
DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113260 -
Cureus Jul 2020Dapsone is a common medication that is utilized in the treatment of dermatological conditions, pneumocystis pneumonia, and toxoplasmosis. Methemoglobinemia is a known...
Dapsone is a common medication that is utilized in the treatment of dermatological conditions, pneumocystis pneumonia, and toxoplasmosis. Methemoglobinemia is a known but rare complication of dapsone therapy that can result in cyanosis. We present a case of a patient on dapsone therapy who developed hypoxia due to methemoglobinemia. This case emphasizes the importance of knowledge of drugs likely to cause methemoglobinemia which requires clinicians to have a high degree of suspicion especially when the patient's oxygen saturation does not improve with treatment.
PubMed: 32714715
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.9334 -
Current Neuropharmacology 2022Dapsone (4,4'-diamino-diphenyl sulfone) is a synthetic derivative of sulfones, with the antimicrobial activity described since 1937. It is also a drug traditionally used... (Review)
Review
Dapsone (4,4'-diamino-diphenyl sulfone) is a synthetic derivative of sulfones, with the antimicrobial activity described since 1937. It is also a drug traditionally used in dermatological therapies due to its anti-inflammatory effect. In recent years its antioxidant, antiexcitotoxic, and antiapoptotic effects have been described in different ischemic damage models, traumatic damage, and models of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's (PD) and Alzheimer's diseases (AD). Finally, dapsone has proven to be a safe and effective drug as a protector against heart, renal and pulmonary cells damage; that is why it is now employed in clinical trials with patients as a neuroprotective therapy by regulating the main mechanisms of damage that lead to cell death ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to provide a descriptive review of the evidence demonstrating the safety and therapeutic benefit of dapsone treatment, evaluated in animal studies and various human clinical trials Methods: We conducted a review of PubMed databases looking for scientific research in animals and humans, oriented to demonstrate the effect of dapsone on regulating and reducing the main mechanisms of damage that lead to cell death ConclusionThe evidence presented in this review shows that dapsone is a safe and effective neuro and cytoprotective treatment that should be considered for translational therapy.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Dapsone; Humans; Neuroprotection; Pharmaceutical Preparations
PubMed: 34139984
DOI: 10.2174/1570159X19666210617143108 -
Chinese Medical Journal Jul 2023
Topics: Humans; Dapsone; Drug Hypersensitivity; Hypersensitivity; Syndrome
PubMed: 37057725
DOI: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000002492 -
Cureus Dec 2023Hansen disease, known as Leprosy, is an infectious disease caused by . The disease was once thought to be highly contiguous, and patients with leprosy were treated... (Review)
Review
Hansen disease, known as Leprosy, is an infectious disease caused by . The disease was once thought to be highly contiguous, and patients with leprosy were treated poorly and had to face discrimination due to the gruesome disease's complications. , the bacterium causative of leprosy, can generally be found in the nine-banded armadillo. The bacterium is transmitted via aerosol droplets and broken skin-to-skin contact. Once M enters the body, it will target peripheral nerves and the lining mucosa of the skin and eyes, thus causing inflammation and tenderness of the affected area. Over time, this will lead to peripheral neuropathy and weakness of the affected body parts. Treatment of leprosy involves multi-drug combinations such as dapsone, rifampin, and clofazimine. Even though leprosy is curable, early detection and treatment are crucial to preventing irreversible damage and disabilities. Prevention measures include early detection, treatment regimen adherence, close contact prophylaxis, contact tracing, and community awareness. This review aims to provide the latest diagnostic and therapeutic recommendations for leprosy. It outlines the epidemiology, microbiology, clinical treatment, and immunological methods used to detect leprosy.
PubMed: 38179342
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49954 -
Archives of Disease in Childhood.... Jun 2022A 3-year-old boy presented with a 5-day history of bullous skin lesions localised mainly in the upper and lower limbs and in the genital region (figure 1). Lesions were...
A 3-year-old boy presented with a 5-day history of bullous skin lesions localised mainly in the upper and lower limbs and in the genital region (figure 1). Lesions were not pruritic nor painful and showed a central crust. There was no family history of skin disorders or autoimmune diseases. The child never had fever and his physical examination was otherwise unremarkable.
Topics: Biopsy; Child; Child, Preschool; Dapsone; Exanthema; Humans; Immunoglobulin A; Male
PubMed: 33214238
DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2020-319179