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PloS One 2020Hypnosis is a powerful tool to affect the processing and perception of stimuli. Here, we investigated the effects of hypnosis on the processing of auditory stimuli, the...
Suggested deafness during hypnosis and simulation of hypnosis compared to a distraction and control condition: A study on subjective experience and cortical brain responses.
Hypnosis is a powerful tool to affect the processing and perception of stimuli. Here, we investigated the effects of hypnosis on the processing of auditory stimuli, the time course of event-related-potentials (ERP; N1 and P3b amplitudes) and the activity of cortical sources of the P3b component. Forty-eight participants completed an auditory oddball paradigm composed of standard, distractor, and target stimuli during a hypnosis (HYP), a simulation of hypnosis (SIM), a distraction (DIS), and a control (CON) condition. During HYP, participants were suggested that an earplug would obstruct the perception of tones and during SIM they should pretend being hypnotized and obstructed to hear the tones. During DIS, participants' attention was withdrawn from the tones by focusing participants' attention onto a film. In each condition, subjects were asked to press a key whenever a target stimulus was presented. Behavioral data show that target hit rates and response time became significantly reduced during HYP and SIM and loudness ratings of tones were only reduced during HYP. Distraction from stimuli by the film was less effective in reducing target hit rate and tone loudness. Although, the N1 amplitude was not affected by the experimental conditions, the P3b amplitude was significantly reduced in HYP and SIM compared to CON and DIS. In addition, source localization results indicate that only a small number of neural sources organize the differences of tone processing between the control condition and the distraction, hypnosis, and simulation of hypnosis conditions. These sources belong to brain areas that control the focus of attention, the discrimination of auditory stimuli, and the organization of behavioral responses to targets. Our data confirm that deafness suggestions significantly change auditory processing and perception but complete deafness is hard to achieve during HYP. Therefore, the term 'deafness' may be misleading and should better be replaced by 'hypoacusis'.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Adolescent; Adult; Attention; Auditory Perception; Behavior; Brain; Cognition; Deafness; Electroencephalography; Evoked Potentials; Evoked Potentials, Auditory; Female; Hearing; Humans; Hypnosis; Male; Middle Aged; Speech Perception; Young Adult
PubMed: 33119665
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240832 -
The Laryngoscope Aug 2022The aim of this study was to obtain a reliable estimate of single-sided deafness (SSD) prevalence in the adult U.S.
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS
The aim of this study was to obtain a reliable estimate of single-sided deafness (SSD) prevalence in the adult U.S.
METHODS
A cross-sectional national epidemiologic study was performed. Participants were included from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Each cohort includes a nationally representative sample of approximately 5,000 noninstitutionalized civilians. Subjects 20 years old and over with audiometric testing were included. SSD was defined as normal hearing (pure-tone average [PTA] of ≤25 dB) in one ear and severe or worse hearing (PTA > 70 dB) in the other, using both three- and four-frequency PTA definition. Prevalence was measured as a raw number (n) and percentage (%) of the sample. Weighted estimates of prevalence were calculated based on the 2019 U.S. population census.
RESULTS
An estimated 345,064 Americans (estimated prevalence of 0.14%, 95% confidence interval = 0.08-0.24) had SSD. SSD was more prevalent in individuals 60 to 79 years of age (estimated 155,917 U.S. adults, prevalence of 0.25%). A higher prevalence of SSD was noted among women compared to men (215,430 U.S. adult women, prevalence of 0.17% vs. 131,726 U.S. adult men, prevalence of 0.11%). Using a three-frequency PTA definition resulted in an estimated prevalence of 0.11%. Finally, 27% of adults with SSD reported having "good" or "excellent" hearing despite their hearing loss.
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of SSD in the United States is estimated at 0.11%-0.14% (271,122 to 345,064 adults), depending on PTA definition used. These individuals could potentially benefit from auditory rehabilitation, including cochlear implantation.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
2 Laryngoscope, 132:1652-1656, 2022.
Topics: Adult; Cochlear Implantation; Cross-Sectional Studies; Deafness; Female; Hearing Loss, Unilateral; Humans; Male; Nutrition Surveys; Prevalence; Speech Perception; United States; Young Adult
PubMed: 34757636
DOI: 10.1002/lary.29941 -
Trials Mar 2021This systematic review aimed to identify, compare and contrast outcome domains and outcome instruments reported in studies investigating interventions that seek to... (Review)
Review
Systematic review of outcome domains and instruments used in designs of clinical trials for interventions that seek to restore bilateral and binaural hearing in adults with unilateral severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss ('single-sided deafness').
BACKGROUND
This systematic review aimed to identify, compare and contrast outcome domains and outcome instruments reported in studies investigating interventions that seek to restore bilateral (two-sided) and/or binaural (both ears) hearing in adults with single-sided deafness (SSD). Findings can inform the development of evidence-based guidance to facilitate design decisions for confirmatory trials.
METHODS
Records were identified by searching MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, CINAHL, ClinicalTrials.gov, ISRCTN, CENTRAL, WHO ICTRP and the NIHR UK clinical trials gateway. The search included records published from 1946 to March 2020. Included studies were those as follows: (a) recruiting adults aged 18 years or older diagnosed with SSD of average threshold severity worse than 70 dB HL in the worse-hearing ear and normal (or near-normal) hearing in the better-hearing ear, (b) evaluating interventions to restore bilateral and/or binaural hearing and (c) enrolling those adults in a controlled trial, before-and-after study or cross-over study. Studies that fell just short of the participant eligibility criteria were included in a separate sensitivity analysis.
RESULTS
Ninety-six studies were included (72 full inclusion, 24 sensitivity analysis). For fully included studies, 37 exclusively evaluated interventions to re-establish bilateral hearing and 29 exclusively evaluated interventions to restore binaural hearing. Overall, 520 outcome domains were identified (350 primary and 170 secondary). Speech-related outcome domains were the most common (74% of studies), followed by spatial-related domains (60% of studies). A total of 344 unique outcome instruments were reported. Speech-related outcome domains were measured by 73 different instruments and spatial-related domains by 43 different instruments. There was considerable variability in duration of follow-up, ranging from acute (baseline) testing to 10 years after the intervention. The sensitivity analysis identified no additional outcome domains.
CONCLUSIONS
This review identified large variability in the reporting of outcome domains and instruments in studies evaluating the therapeutic benefits and harms of SSD interventions. Reports frequently omitted information on what domains the study intended to assess, and on what instruments were used to measure which domains.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
The systematic review protocol is registered on PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews): Registration Number CRD42018084274 . Registered on 13 March 2018, last revised on 7th of May 2019.
Topics: Adult; Cochlear Implantation; Cross-Over Studies; Deafness; Hearing; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural; Humans; Speech Perception
PubMed: 33743802
DOI: 10.1186/s13063-021-05160-5 -
NeuroImage Oct 2020Functional studies show that our brain has a remarkable ability to reorganize itself in the absence of one or more sensory modalities. In this review, we gathered all... (Review)
Review
Functional studies show that our brain has a remarkable ability to reorganize itself in the absence of one or more sensory modalities. In this review, we gathered all the available articles investigating structural alterations in congenitally deaf subjects. Some concentrated only on specific regions of interest (e.g., auditory areas), while others examined the whole brain. The majority of structural alterations were observed in the auditory white matter and were more pronounced in the right hemisphere. A decreased white matter volume or fractional anisotropy in the auditory areas were the most common findings in congenitally deaf subjects. Only a few studies observed alterations in the auditory grey matter. Preservation of the grey matter might be due to the cross-modal plasticity as well as due to the lack of sensitivity of methods used for microstructural alterations of grey matter. Structural alterations were also observed in the frontal, visual, and other cerebral regions as well as in the cerebellum. The observed structural brain alterations in the deaf can probably be attributed mainly to the cross-modal plasticity in the absence of sound input and use of sign instead of spoken language.
Topics: Brain; Deafness; Gray Matter; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Neuronal Plasticity; White Matter
PubMed: 32534128
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117042 -
Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai... May 2022By comparing the hearing and speech rehabilitation effects of cochlear implantation (CI) in children with Waardenburg syndrome (WS) and children with common...
By comparing the hearing and speech rehabilitation effects of cochlear implantation (CI) in children with Waardenburg syndrome (WS) and children with common deafness genes (, ) in the Chinese population, and the hearing and speech rehabilitation effects of bilateral CI and unilateral CI in children with WS, to provide a reference for clinical CIin children with WS. Follow up and return visit 72 pedestrian cochlear implant children with severe and above sensorineural hearing loss and clear gene mutation type diagnosed by Kunming Children's Hospital from 2017 to 2019, including 24 cases in the WS group, 24 cases in the control group ( deafness group and deafness group). All enrolled children were evaluated for auditory and speech ability 12 months after startup. The hearing aid threshold, the correct recognition rate of speech recognition ability evaluation, IT-MAIS / MAIS score rate, CAP score, SIR score, there was no significant difference(>0.05). The correct recognition rates of IT-MAIS / MAIS score, SIR score, natural environment sound recognition, vowel recognition, tone recognition, monosyllabic word recognition, disyllabic word recognition and short sentence recognition in children with WS bilateral CI were significantly higher than those in children with WS unilateral CI (<0.05). There was no significant difference in CAP score, initial recognition and correct recognition rate of trisyllabic words between children with WS bilateral CI and children with WS unilateral CI (>0.05). Common deafness genes in children with WS and Chinese population (, ) the effect of cochlear implantation on hearing and speech rehabilitation of sick children is equivalent. For children with severe and above sensorineural hearing loss associated with this syndrome, CI can be used clinically to improve their hearing and speech ability. WS bilateral CI has advantages in some hearing and speech abilities compared with unilateral CI, so those whomeet the conditions should be encouraged bilateral implantation.
Topics: Child; Cochlear Implantation; Deafness; Hearing; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural; Humans; Speech; Treatment Outcome; Waardenburg Syndrome
PubMed: 35483684
DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2022.05.005 -
Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology... Jan 2022X-linked deafness (XLD) is a rare disease, characterized by typical cochlear incomplete partition type 3 anomaly (IP-III). Accompanying hypothalamic anomalies were also... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
X-linked deafness (XLD) is a rare disease, characterized by typical cochlear incomplete partition type 3 anomaly (IP-III). Accompanying hypothalamic anomalies were also recently described. The purpose of this study was to document the temporal bone and intracranial imaging findings in a series of patients with XLD with a review of the literature, to better understand this anomaly.
METHODS
The CT and MRI studied of 13 XLD patients were retrospectively evaluated. All structures of the otic capsule (OC) were subjectively and retrospectively assessed. The OC thickness and the size of the cochlea were measured and compared to the age-matched control group. Intracranial structures were also evaluated with specific attention to the hypothalamic region.
RESULTS
All cases had bilateral IP-III anomaly, bulbous internal auditory canals (IACs), absent bony modiolus with preserved interscalar septa, intact cochleovestibular, and facial nerves. OC thickness was decreased in all cases compared to the control group (p<0.001). In XLD patients, the cochlea had decreased transverse dimension and increased height compared to the control group (p< 0.001). Five patients (38.4%) had bilateral cystic structures adjacent to the vestibule and/or semicircular canals (SCCs). Hypothalamus was thickened or had a lobular appearance in all cases (subtle in one). Additionally, hamartoma-like appearance of the hypothalamus was present in half.
CONCLUSION
XLD is a rare inner ear anomaly that is frequently associated with hypothalamic malformations. The OC thickness of IP-III patients appears to be decreased with accompanying decreased transverse dimension of the cochlea which could have implications in electrode selection during cochlear implantation. Cystic /diverticular lesions surrounding the vestibule and semicircular canals are also frequently seen but a rarely reported finding.
Topics: Cochlea; Deafness; Humans; Retrospective Studies; Temporal Bone; Vestibule, Labyrinth
PubMed: 34914607
DOI: 10.5152/dir.2021.20791 -
PloS One 2023Health literacy is strongly associated with health inequality among persons with deafness, and hypertension (HTN) is the most prevalent chronic disease among persons...
BACKGROUND
Health literacy is strongly associated with health inequality among persons with deafness, and hypertension (HTN) is the most prevalent chronic disease among persons with deafness in South Korea. Despite its importance, research regarding the health literacy levels of persons with deafness with HTN in South Korea is lacking. This study aimed to comprehensively assess the health literacy levels of persons with deafness with HTN in South Korea, including linguistic, functional, and internet health literacy.
METHODS
In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 95 persons with deafness with HTN were recruited through facilities associated with the deaf community. From August 2022 to February 2023, data were collected through face-to-face surveys attended by a sign language interpreter and online surveys. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Spearman's correlation.
RESULTS
Approximately 62.1% of the participants exhibited a linguistic health literacy level corresponding to less than that of middle school students, and the total percentage correct of functional health literacy was 17.9%. Each domain of internet health literacy was low. Significant correlations were found between some aspects of health literacy.
CONCLUSIONS
The study's findings highlight the low health literacy levels across various facets among persons with deafness with HTN in South Korea. Based on these findings, several strategies are suggested for developing HTN self-management interventions for persons with deafness. This study contributes to the foundational understanding of health literacy among persons with deafness with HTN in South Korea and provides valuable insights and guidance for developing HTN self-management interventions.
Topics: Humans; Health Literacy; Cross-Sectional Studies; Persons With Hearing Impairments; Health Status Disparities; Republic of Korea; Hypertension; Sign Language; Deafness
PubMed: 38011166
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294765 -
Scientific Reports Jan 2024This study aimed to explore the molecular epidemiology characteristics of deafness susceptibility genes in neonates in northern Guangdong and provide a scientific basis...
This study aimed to explore the molecular epidemiology characteristics of deafness susceptibility genes in neonates in northern Guangdong and provide a scientific basis for deafness prevention and control. A total of 10,183 neonates were recruited between January 2018 and December 2022 at Yuebei People's Hospital. Among these, a PCR hybridization screening group of 8276 neonates was tested for four deafness genes: GJB2, SLC26A4, mtDNA, and GJB3 by PCR hybridization. Another group used next-generation sequencing (NGS) to detect genetic susceptibility genes in 1907 neonates. In PCR hybridization screening group, 346 (4.18%) of 8276 neonates were found to be carriers of the deafness gene. Among these, 182 (2.2%) had GJB2 variants, 114 (1.38%) had SLC26A4 variants, 35 (0.42%) had mtDNA variants, and 15 (0.18%) had GJB3 variants. In NGS Screening Group, 195 out of 1907 neonates were found to be carriers of the deafness gene, with a positive rate of 10.22%. Among these, 137 (7.18%) had GJB2 variants, 41 (2.15%) had SLC26A4 variants, 11 (0.58%) had mtDNA variants, and 6 (0.31%) had GJB3 variants. The prevalence of deafness gene variants was high in Northern Guangdong Province. The most common gene for deafness was GJB2, followed by SLC26A4 and mtDNA. GJB3 variants are rare. Compared with PCR hybridization method, NGS technology can expand the screening scope and greatly improve the detection rate of deafness genes. The c.109G>A of GJB2 was found to occur at a high frequency, which should be considered. Therefore, it is important to conduct neonatal deafness gene screening to prevent and control hereditary deafness.
Topics: Infant, Newborn; Humans; Connexins; Connexin 26; Mutation; DNA Mutational Analysis; Deafness; DNA, Mitochondrial; China
PubMed: 38172182
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49530-2 -
Human Mutation Oct 2021Hereditary deafness is clinically and genetically heterogeneous. We investigated deafness segregating as a recessive trait in two families. Audiological examinations...
Hereditary deafness is clinically and genetically heterogeneous. We investigated deafness segregating as a recessive trait in two families. Audiological examinations revealed an asymmetric mild to profound hearing loss with childhood or adolescent onset. Exome sequencing of probands identified a homozygous c.475G>A;p.(Glu159Lys) variant of CLDN9 (NM_020982.4) in one family and a homozygous c.370_372dupATC;p.(Ile124dup) CLDN9 variant in an affected individual of a second family. Claudin 9 (CLDN9) is an integral membrane protein and constituent of epithelial bicellular tight junctions (TJs) that form semipermeable, paracellular barriers between inner ear perilymphatic and endolymphatic compartments. Computational structural modeling predicts that substitution of a lysine for glutamic acid p.(Glu159Lys) alters one of two cis-interactions between CLDN9 protomers. The p.(Ile124dup) variant is predicted to locally misfold CLDN9 and mCherry tagged p.(Ile124dup) CLDN9 is not targeted to the HeLa cell membrane. In situ hybridization shows that mouse Cldn9 expression increases from embryonic to postnatal development and persists in adult inner ears coinciding with prominent CLDN9 immunoreactivity in TJs of epithelia outlining the scala media. Together with the Cldn9 deaf mouse and a homozygous frameshift of CLDN9 previously associated with deafness, the two bi-allelic variants of CLDN9 described here point to CLDN9 as a bona fide human deafness gene.
Topics: Adolescent; Animals; Child; Claudins; Deafness; HeLa Cells; Homozygote; Humans; Mice; Mutation; Pedigree
PubMed: 34265170
DOI: 10.1002/humu.24260 -
Ear and Hearing 2022More children with single-sided deafness (SSD) are receiving cochlear implants (CIs) due to the expansion of CI indications. This unique group of pediatric patients has... (Review)
Review
More children with single-sided deafness (SSD) are receiving cochlear implants (CIs) due to the expansion of CI indications. This unique group of pediatric patients has different needs than the typical recipient with bilateral deafness and requires special consideration and care. The goal of cochlear implantation in these children is to provide bilateral input to encourage the development of binaural hearing. Considerations for candidacy and follow-up care should reflect and measure these goals. The purpose of this document is to review the current evidence and provide guidance for CI candidacy, evaluation, and management in children with SSD.
Topics: Child; Cochlear Implantation; Cochlear Implants; Deafness; Hearing; Hearing Loss, Unilateral; Humans; Speech Perception
PubMed: 35213890
DOI: 10.1097/AUD.0000000000001204