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Journal of Oral Science Nov 2019In this study, dentin bond fatigue resistance and interfacial science characteristics of universal adhesives through etch-and-rinse and self-etch modes were...
In this study, dentin bond fatigue resistance and interfacial science characteristics of universal adhesives through etch-and-rinse and self-etch modes were investigated. Resin composite was bonded to human dentin with four universal adhesives, namely, Adhese Universal, All-Bond Universal, G-Premio Bond, and Scotchbond Universal Adhesive. The initial bond strengths, bond fatigue strengths, and interfacial science characteristics of the universal adhesives with dentin through etch-and-rinse and self-etch modes were determined. Bond fatigue resistance (initial bond strength and bond fatigue strength) of universal adhesives in etch-and-rinse mode showed no significant difference in contrast to that in self-etch mode and was material-dependent regardless of the etching mode. Although phosphoric acid conditioning of dentin did not have a strong impact on the bond fatigue resistance, surface free energy and parameters of dentin were significantly decreased by etching and by application of universal adhesives regardless of etching mode. Changes in γ and γ for when universal adhesive was applied to etched and ground dentin were significantly different depending on the adhesive. The results suggest that bonding performance of universal adhesives was effective in both etching modes; however, bonding mechanisms may be different for each.
Topics: Adhesives; Dental Bonding; Dental Cements; Dentin; Dentin-Bonding Agents; Humans; Materials Testing; Resin Cements; Surface Properties
PubMed: 31631096
DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.18-0433 -
Bundesgesundheitsblatt,... Jul 2021For a few decades, a decrease in the caries burden in all age groups has been observed in Germany. The regular use of fluoride preparations is described as the main... (Review)
Review
For a few decades, a decrease in the caries burden in all age groups has been observed in Germany. The regular use of fluoride preparations is described as the main reason for the caries decline. It is well established that topical fluoride application directly to the tooth surfaces in the oral cavity, in particular fluoride-containing toothpastes and fluoride varnishes, is responsible for the decline. Several mechanisms of action, such as the formation of a calcium fluoride layer, remineralization, and the effects on bacterial plaque, were determined to be responsible for the overall clinical effect. All these mechanisms can be effective on enamel and root dentin in patients of all ages. There is a dose-response relationship between the fluoride concentration in the applied preparations and the average caries reduction achieved.There are no general toxicological concerns about topical fluoride application. Fluoride toothpastes should be used from the eruption of the first deciduous tooth. The amount of toothpaste used should be limited to the recommended volumes to avoid the development of enamel fluorosis. The professionally performed application of highly concentrated fluoride varnishes, in addition to having a high caries-inhibiting effectiveness, also exhibits advantages in cases of increased caries risk and existing demineralization. This is also the case for the application on root dentin, where significant primary and secondary preventive effects have been demonstrated by application of highly concentrated fluoride preparations.
Topics: Cariostatic Agents; Dental Caries; Dental Caries Susceptibility; Fluorides; Germany; Humans; Toothpastes
PubMed: 34115151
DOI: 10.1007/s00103-021-03347-4 -
Biomedicines May 2023This scoping review aims to evaluate methods of conservative reconstruction of dental enamel lesions resulting from abrasions and evaluate the effect of diode laser in... (Review)
Review
UNLABELLED
This scoping review aims to evaluate methods of conservative reconstruction of dental enamel lesions resulting from abrasions and evaluate the effect of diode laser in reducing the symptoms of tooth sensitivity. The cementoenamel junction is more prone to substance loss because the enamel thickness is substantially decreased, resulting in a much weaker enamel-dentin bond.
METHODS
Dental abrasion was examined in the mechanical cause alone. Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science were used to discover publications that matched our topic from 1 January 2018 to 20 March 2023. A comparison of various non-carious cervical lesion (NCCL) restoration treatments was generated mostly by mechanical considerations.
RESULTS
A final number of 11 clinical trials and randomized controlled trials were included in the review for qualitative analysis. Composite resins performed well in clinical trials for the restoration of NCCLs.
CONCLUSIONS
Composite, in its different forms of filling and consistency, preceded by the use of adhesives, is an efficient and effective material for the treatment of NCCLs. Diode laser use prior to NCCL restoration of teeth does not diminish restoration retention rate, may lessen hypersensitivity, and may affect restoration success.
PubMed: 37371625
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061530 -
Brazilian Dental Journal 2022Thisstudy aimed to evaluate the effect of the electric current direction application on the resin composite-dentin bond strength using three adhesive systems. Human...
Thisstudy aimed to evaluate the effect of the electric current direction application on the resin composite-dentin bond strength using three adhesive systems. Human molar teeth were distributed according to the adhesive system (two-step self-etch - Clearfil SE Bond, Kuraray [CSE]; one-step self-etch - Single Bond Universal, 3M ESPE [SBU]; and two-step etch-and-rinse - Adper Single Bond 2, 3M ESPE [SB2]), electric current direction (without electric current - control, direct and reverse electric currents - 35µA), and storage time (24h - immediate and 6 months). Resin composite blocks (Filtek Z350XT, 3M ESPE) were bonded to dentin. The teeth/resin composites specimens were stored in distilled water at 37ºC for 24 hours and 6 months for the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) test (n = 10; ~12 sticks for each tooth). Failure patterns were analyzed on a stereomicroscope and classified as cohesive-dentin, cohesive-resin, adhesive or mixed. Adhesive penetration into dentin and hybrid layer formation were evaluated in a scanning electron microscope (n = 6). Data were submitted to a three-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test (α = 0.05). There are no differences in µTBS when the adhesive systems were applied under direct and reverse electric currents, but both electric currents increased the µTBS for all adhesive systems. SBU showed the lowest µTBS values for control groups in both storage times and direct electric current in 6 months of storage. The adhesive failure pattern was more frequently observed in all groups. The electric current formed long resin tags for all adhesive systems. Storage for 6 months did not significantly decrease µTBS values. Both directions of electric current (positive and negative charges) at 35µA can increase the µTBS of the adhesive systems tested to dentin.
Topics: Humans; Dental Cements; Dentin
PubMed: 36477969
DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202204870 -
Journal of Biomechanics Aug 2022Investigations into teeth mechanical properties provide insight into physiological functions and pathological changes. This study sought to 1) quantify the spatial...
Investigations into teeth mechanical properties provide insight into physiological functions and pathological changes. This study sought to 1) quantify the spatial distribution of elastic modulus, hardness and the microstructural features of dog dentin and to 2) investigate quantitative relationships between the mechanical properties and the complex microstructure of dog dentin. Maxillary canine teeth of 10 mature dogs were sectioned in the transverse and vertical planes, then tested using nanoindentation and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Microstructural features (dentin area fraction and dentinal tubule density) and mechanical properties (elastic modulus and hardness) were quantified. Results demonstrated significant anisotropy and spatial variation in elastic modulus, hardness, dentin area fraction and tubule density. These spatial variations adhered to a consistent distribution pattern; hardness, elastic modulus and dentin area fraction generally decreased from superficial to deep dentin and from crown tip to base; tubule density generally increased from superficial to deep dentin. Poor to moderate correlations between microstructural features and mechanical properties (R = 0.032-0.466) were determined. The results of this study suggest that the other constituents may contribute to the mechanical behavior of mammalian dentin. Our results also present several remaining opportunities for further investigation into the roles of organic components (e.g., collagen) and mineral content on dentin mechanical behavior.
Topics: Animals; Dentin; Dogs; Elastic Modulus; Hardness; Mammals; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Structure-Activity Relationship; Tooth
PubMed: 35834939
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2022.111218 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2022Since phosphorus is a component of hydroxyapatite, its prolonged deprivation affects bone mineralization. Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is essential for... (Review)
Review
Since phosphorus is a component of hydroxyapatite, its prolonged deprivation affects bone mineralization. Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is essential for maintaining phosphate homeostasis and is mainly produced by osteocytes. FGF23 increases the excretion of inorganic phosphate (Pi) and decreases the production of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in the kidneys. Osteocytes are cells of osteoblastic lineage that have undergone terminal differentiation and become embedded in mineralized bone matrix. Osteocytes express and other multiple genes responsible for hereditary hypophosphatemic rickets, which include (), (), and (). Since inactivating mutations in , , and boost the production of FGF23, these molecules might be considered as local negative regulators of FGF23. Mouse studies have suggested that enhanced FGF receptor (FGFR) signaling is involved in the overproduction of FGF23 in -deficient X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets (XLH) and -deficient autosomal recessive hypophosphatemic rickets type 1. Since FGFR is involved in the transduction of signals evoked by extracellular Pi, Pi sensing in osteocytes may be abnormal in these diseases. Serum levels of sclerostin, an inhibitor Wnt/β-catenin signaling secreted by osteocytes, are increased in XLH patients, and mouse studies have suggested the potential of inhibiting sclerostin as a new therapeutic option for the disease. The elucidation of complex abnormalities in the osteocytes of FGF23-related hypophosphatemic diseases will provide a more detailed understanding of their pathogenesis and more effective treatments.
Topics: Animals; Calcium-Binding Proteins; Endopeptidases; Extracellular Matrix Proteins; Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets; Fibroblast Growth Factors; Hydroxyapatites; Mice; Osteocytes; Phosphates; Phosphorus; Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor; Rickets, Hypophosphatemic; beta Catenin
PubMed: 36246908
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1005189 -
ACS Omega May 2022In this study, we aimed to examine the effect of 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPS) on dentin collagen and the impact of MPS and 10-methacryloyloxydecyl...
In this study, we aimed to examine the effect of 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPS) on dentin collagen and the impact of MPS and 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP) together and separately on resin-dentin bonding. Eight groups of primers were prepared: control group, MDP, MPS5, MPS5 + MDP, MPS10, MPS10 + MDP, MPS15, and MPS15 + MDP. The potential interaction between MPS and collagen was assessed by molecular dynamics, contact angle measurement, zeta potential measurement, and chemoanalytic characterization using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. Microtensile bond strength (μTBS) and nanoleakage were evaluated after 24 h or 12 months of water storage. In situ zymography was used to evaluate the enzyme activity at the bonded interface. According to chemoanalytic characterization and molecular dynamics, a weak interaction between MPS and collagen was observed. MPS enhanced the hydrophobicity and negative charge of the collagen surface ( < 0.05). Applying an MDP-containing primer increased μTBS ( > 0.05) and reduced fluorescence after 24 h of water storage. Water storage for 12 months decreased μTBS ( < 0.05) and increased nanoleakage for all groups. MPS conditioning did not change μTBS and nanoleakage after 24 h of water storage or aging. The MPS10 + MDP and MPS15 + MDP groups presented more silver nitrate and μTBS decrease than the MDP group ( < 0.05). These results indicated that MPS had a weak interaction with collagen that enhanced its surface negative charge and hydrophobicity without adversely affecting dentin bonding. However, compared to MDP alone, mixing MDP with MPS impaired their effectiveness and made the dentin bonding unstable.
PubMed: 35571778
DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01000 -
Journal of Bone and Mineral Research :... Aug 2023Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by kidney damage and loss of renal function. CKD mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) describes the dysregulation of mineral...
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by kidney damage and loss of renal function. CKD mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) describes the dysregulation of mineral homeostasis, including hyperphosphatemia and elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion, skeletal abnormalities, and vascular calcification. CKD-MBD impacts the oral cavity, with effects including salivary gland dysfunction, enamel hypoplasia and damage, increased dentin formation, decreased pulp volume, pulp calcifications, and altered jaw bones, contributing to clinical manifestations of periodontal disease and tooth loss. Underlying mechanisms are not fully understood, and CKD mouse models commonly require invasive procedures with high rates of infection and mortality. We aimed to characterize the dentoalveolar effects of an adenine diet (AD)-induced CKD (AD-CKD) mouse model. Eight-week-old C57BL/6J mice were provided either a normal phosphorus diet control (CTR) or adenine and high-phosphorus diet CKD to induce kidney failure. Mice were euthanized at 15 weeks old, and mandibles were collected for micro-computed tomography and histology. CKD mice exhibited kidney failure, hyperphosphatemia, and hyperparathyroidism in association with porous cortical bone in femurs. CKD mice showed a 30% decrease in molar enamel volume compared to CTR mice. Enamel wear was associated with reduced ductal components, ectopic calcifications, and altered osteopontin (OPN) deposition in submandibular salivary glands of CKD mice. Molar cusps in CKD mice were flattened, exposing dentin. Molar dentin/cementum volume increased 7% in CKD mice and pulp volume decreased. Histology revealed excessive reactionary dentin and altered pulp-dentin extracellular matrix proteins, including increased OPN. Mandibular bone volume fraction decreased 12% and bone mineral density decreased 9% in CKD versus CTR mice. Alveolar bone in CKD mice exhibited increased tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase localization, OPN deposition, and greater osteoclast numbers. AD-CKD recapitulated key aspects reported in CKD patients and revealed new insights into CKD-associated oral defects. This model has potential for studying mechanisms of dentoalveolar defects or therapeutic interventions. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Topics: Mice; Animals; Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder; Adenine; X-Ray Microtomography; Hyperphosphatemia; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Phosphorus
PubMed: 37191192
DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4829 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2022Osteocytes are dendritic cells in the mineralized bone matrix that descend from osteoblasts. They play critical roles in controlling bone mass through the production of... (Review)
Review
Osteocytes are dendritic cells in the mineralized bone matrix that descend from osteoblasts. They play critical roles in controlling bone mass through the production of sclerostin, an inhibitor of bone formation, and receptor activator of nuclear factor κ B ligand, an inducer of osteoblastic bone resorption. Osteocytes also govern phosphate homeostasis through the production of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), which lowers serum phosphate levels by increasing renal phosphate excretion and reducing the synthesis of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)D), an active metabolite of vitamin D. The production of FGF23 in osteocytes is regulated by various local and systemic factors. (), (), and function as local negative regulators of FGF23 production in osteocytes, and their inactivation causes the overproduction of FGF23 and hypophosphatemia. Sclerostin has been suggested to regulate the production of FGF23, which may link the two functions of osteocytes, namely, the control of bone mass and regulation of phosphate homeostasis. Systemic regulators of FGF23 production include 1,25(OH)D, phosphate, parathyroid hormone, insulin, iron, and inflammation. Therefore, the regulation of FGF23 in osteocytes is complex and multifactorial. Recent mouse studies have suggested that decreases in serum phosphate levels from youth to adulthood are caused by growth-related increases in FGF23 production by osteocytes, which are associated with the down-regulation of and .
Topics: Animals; Bone Density; Fibroblast Growth Factors; Humans; Mice; Osteocytes; Parathyroid Hormone; Phosphates
PubMed: 35909535
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.967774 -
Brazilian Dental Journal 2021The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 2% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) on microtensile bond strength (µTBS) between an adhesive system and under 3...
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 2% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) on microtensile bond strength (µTBS) between an adhesive system and under 3 dentin conditions. For that, this study evaluated the adhesive interface at initial, after 6 months and 1 year of storage. Forty-eight human third molars were prepared and randomly divided into 3 groups, according to dentin substrates: sound dentin (Sd), caries-infected dentin (Ci) and caries-affected dentin (Ca). The groups were subdivided into two according to the dentin pre-treatment: application of 2% CHX or without pre-treatment (control). The dentin surfaces were etched with 35% phosphoric acid gel and bonded with Adper Single Bond 2 (3M ESPE) adhesive system according to manufacturer's instructions. Subsequently, the specimens were stored in deionized water at 37°C for 24h, 6 months and 1 year. Two additional teeth were used to analyze the bonding interfaces by SEM. Data was submitted to three-way ANOVA in a split plot design and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). The results showed that Ci decreased µTBS values when compared to Ca and Sd, regardless storages time or treatment. Stored samples for 6 months and 1 year decreased the µTBS for the control group, but no difference was found between storages time for the CHX group. As a conclusion, the 2% CHX application after etching showed improved dentin bond strength in the storage time, regardless of the substrates evaluated.
Topics: Composite Resins; Dental Bonding; Dentin; Dentin-Bonding Agents; Humans; Materials Testing; Resin Cements; Tensile Strength
PubMed: 34787246
DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202104463