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Annals of Internal Medicine Jun 2021
Topics: Community Participation; Firearms; Humans; Mass Casualty Incidents; Physician's Role; United States; Wounds, Gunshot
PubMed: 33793324
DOI: 10.7326/M21-1505 -
Clinical Infectious Diseases : An... Nov 2021
Topics: Antiviral Agents; Hepacivirus; Hepatitis C, Chronic; Humans; Retreatment
PubMed: 32887999
DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1329 -
Fertility and Sterility Dec 2019
Topics: Aneuploidy; Embryo Transfer; Genetic Testing; Humans; Patient Selection; Prognosis
PubMed: 31843076
DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.08.102 -
ASPHER Statement: Déjà vu? Planning for the Covid-19 Third Wave and Planning for the Winter 2021-22.International Journal of Public Health 2021
Topics: COVID-19; Humans; Seasons
PubMed: 34497482
DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2021.1604361 -
Empirical Software Engineering 2022The paper introduces a fundamental technological problem with collecting high-speed eye tracking data while studying software engineering tasks in an integrated...
Deja Vu: semantics-aware recording and replay of high-speed eye tracking and interaction data to support cognitive studies of software engineering tasks-methodology and analyses.
The paper introduces a fundamental technological problem with collecting high-speed eye tracking data while studying software engineering tasks in an integrated development environment. The use of eye trackers is quickly becoming an important means to study software developers and how they comprehend source code and locate bugs. High quality eye trackers can record upwards of 120 to 300 gaze points per second. However, it is not always possible to map each of these points to a line and column position in a source code file (in the presence of scrolling and file switching) in real time at data rates over 60 gaze points per second without data loss. Unfortunately, higher data rates are more desirable as they allow for finer granularity and more accurate study analyses. To alleviate this technological problem, a novel method for eye tracking data collection is presented. Instead of performing gaze analysis in real time, all telemetry (keystrokes, mouse movements, and eye tracker output) data during a study is recorded as it happens. Sessions are then replayed at a much slower speed allowing for ample time to map gaze point positions to the appropriate file, line, and column to perform additional analysis. A description of the method and corresponding tool, Deja Vu, is presented. An evaluation of the method and tool is conducted using three different eye trackers running at four different speeds (60 Hz, 120 Hz, 150 Hz, and 300 Hz). This timing evaluation is performed in Visual Studio, Eclipse, and Atom IDEs. Results show that Deja Vu can playback 100% of the data recordings, correctly mapping the gaze to corresponding elements, making it a well-founded and suitable post processing step for future eye tracking studies in software engineering. Finally, a proof of concept replication analysis of four tasks from two previous studies is performed. Due to using the Deja Vu approach, this replication resulted in richer collected data and improved on the number of distinct syntactic categories that gaze was mapped on in the code.
PubMed: 36159896
DOI: 10.1007/s10664-022-10209-3 -
Epilepsy & Behavior : E&B Feb 2021Descriptions of seizure manifestations (SM), or semiology, can help localize the symptomatogenic zone and subsequently included brain regions involved in epileptic...
PURPOSE
Descriptions of seizure manifestations (SM), or semiology, can help localize the symptomatogenic zone and subsequently included brain regions involved in epileptic seizures, as well as identify patients with dissociative seizures (DS). Patients and witnesses are not trained observers, so these descriptions may vary from expert review of seizure video recordings of seizures. To better understand how reported factors can help identify patients with DS or epileptic seizures (ES), we evaluated the associations between more than 30 SMs and diagnosis using standardized interviews.
METHODS
Based on patient- and observer-reported data from 490 patients with diagnoses documented by video-electoencephalography, we compared the rate of each SM in five mutually exclusive groups: epileptic seizures (ES), DS, physiologic seizure-like events (PSLE), mixed DS and ES, and inconclusive testing.
RESULTS
In addition to SMs that we described in a prior manuscript, the following were associated with DS: light triggers, emotional stress trigger, pre-ictal and post-ictal headache, post-ictal muscle soreness, and ictal sensory symptoms. The following were associated with ES: triggered by missing medication, aura of déjà vu, and leftward eye deviation. There were numerous manifestations separately associated with mixed ES and DS.
CONCLUSIONS
Reported SM can help identify patients with DS, but no manifestation is pathognomonic for either ES or DS. Patients with mixed ES and DS reported factors divergent from both ES-alone and DS-alone.
Topics: Conversion Disorder; Electroencephalography; Humans; Reproducibility of Results; Retrospective Studies; Seizures
PubMed: 33388672
DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2020.107696 -
Heliyon Apr 2022Examination of the mortality patterns in the United States among racial, ethnic, and age groups attributed to the 1918-19 influenza pandemic revealed stark disparities,...
BACKGROUND
Examination of the mortality patterns in the United States among racial, ethnic, and age groups attributed to the 1918-19 influenza pandemic revealed stark disparities, causes for which could have been addressed and rectified this past century. However, these disparities have been amplified during the current COVID-19 pandemic.We have ignored the lessons of the past, and were destined to repeat its failings.
OBJECTIVES
Compare and contrast mortality patterns by age, race, and ethnicity attributable to the 1918-19 influenza pandemic in the United States with corresponding patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic.
METHODS
This is a retrospective study, establishing mortality rates according to age, race and ethnicity attributable to the 1918-19 influenza pandemic in the United States and to the current COVID-19 pandemic, using mortality data published by the U.S. Public Health Service and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Negative binomial regression models were used to establish rate ratios, that is, ratios of mortality rates across the various racial/ethnic groups, and associated 95% confidence intervals.
RESULTS
Mortality patterns by age differ significantly between the 1918-19 influenza pandemic and the COVID-19 pandemic: with infant and young adult (25-40 years old) mortality substantially higher in the former. Disparities in mortality between racial and ethnic groups are amplified in the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the 1918-19 experience.
CONCLUSIONS
As we evaluate our nation's response to COVID-19 and design public policy to prepare better for coming pandemics, we cannot ignore the stark disparities in mortality rates experienced by different racial and ethnic groups. This will require a sustained resolve by society and government to delineate and remedy the causative factors, through science devoid of political interpretation and exploitation.
PubMed: 35464697
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09299 -
Atherosclerosis Aug 2019
Topics: Humans; Ischemia; Plaque, Atherosclerotic; White Matter
PubMed: 31213292
DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.05.021 -
Annals of Internal Medicine Jun 2021Klompas and colleagues report an investigation of a SARS-CoV-2 cluster in an acute care hospital with transmission between patients and staff. The editorialists remind...
Klompas and colleagues report an investigation of a SARS-CoV-2 cluster in an acute care hospital with transmission between patients and staff. The editorialists remind us of the need to reinforce and reeducate to improve practice of and adherence to important strategies that protect the entire health care ecosystem.
Topics: COVID-19; Delivery of Health Care; Hospitals; Humans; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 33556269
DOI: 10.7326/M21-0526 -
Acta Neuropathologica Communications Dec 2023Gene fusion events have been linked to oncogenesis in many cancers. However, gene fusions in meningioma are understudied compared to somatic mutations, chromosomal...
Gene fusion events have been linked to oncogenesis in many cancers. However, gene fusions in meningioma are understudied compared to somatic mutations, chromosomal gains/losses, and epigenetic changes. Fusions involving B-raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase (BRAF) are subtypes of oncogenic BRAF genetic abnormalities that have been reported in certain cases of brain tumors, such as pilocytic astrocytomas. However, BRAF fusions have not been recognized in meningioma. We present the case of an adult female presenting with episodic partial seizures characterized by déjà vu, confusion, and cognitive changes. Brain imaging revealed a cavernous sinus and sphenoid wing mass and she underwent resection. Histopathology revealed a World Health Organization (WHO) grade 1 meningioma. Genetic profiling with next generation sequencing and microarray analysis revealed an in-frame BRAF::PTPRN2 fusion affecting the BRAF kinase domain as well as chromothripsis of chromosome 7q resulting in multiple segmental gains and losses including amplifications of cyclin dependent kinase 6 (CDK6), tyrosine protein-kinase Met (MET), and smoothened (SMO). Elevated pERK staining in tumor cells provided evidence of activated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling. This report raises the possibility that gene fusion events may be involved in meningioma pathogenesis and warrant further investigation.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Meningeal Neoplasms; Meningioma; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf; Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 8
PubMed: 38066633
DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01668-w