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Frontiers in Microbiology 2019The rapid emergence of drug resistant bacteria is occurring worldwide, outpacing the development of new antibiotics. It is known that some of the main sources of...
The rapid emergence of drug resistant bacteria is occurring worldwide, outpacing the development of new antibiotics. It is known that some of the main sources of antibiotics are the bacteria themselves, many of which are secondary metabolites of Gram positive bacteria. Siderophores, which are secondary metabolites, function as natural chelators (e.g., iron). They are produced and secreted by many bacteria and have been experimented on as "carriers" of several types of antibiotics that pass the cell membrane of challenging Gram negative bacteria. Delftibactin A is a non-ribosomal peptide (NRP), which is known to detoxify gold in spp. and form gold nuggets, and is considered to be a siderophore. In this study we demonstrate that the supernatant from novel environmental isolates of spp. have antimicrobial activity. We characterized the active fraction and identified delftibactin A as a compound with antimicrobial activity. Delftibactin A exhibits potent antimicrobial activity against Gram positive multi drug resistant (MDR) bacteria like Methicillin-resistant (MRSA), and Vancomycin resistant (VRE), and also against the Gram negative pathogens and . We discovered that the production of delftibactin A is greatly influenced by temperature. Furthermore, we have demonstrated the possibility of utilizing delftibactin A as a siderophore carrier of toxic metals such as gallium into Gram negative bacteria. These findings expose new opportunities of yet unexploited natural products such as delftibactin A, which have been known for other bacterial uses, as potent factors in the battle against MDR bacteria.
PubMed: 31681234
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02377 -
The Science of the Total Environment Jun 2023Coaggregation plays an important role in the development of multispecies biofilms in different environments, often serving as an active bridge between biofilm members...
Coaggregation plays an important role in the development of multispecies biofilms in different environments, often serving as an active bridge between biofilm members and other organisms that, in their absence, would not integrate the sessile structure. The ability of bacteria to coaggregate has been reported for a limited number of species and strains. In this study, 38 bacterial strains isolated from drinking water (DW) were investigated for their ability to coaggregate, in a total of 115 pairs of combinations. Among these isolates, only Delftia acidovorans (strain 005P) showed coaggregating ability. Coaggregation inhibition studies have shown that the interactions mediating D. acidovorans 005P coaggregation were both polysaccharide-protein and protein-protein, depending on the interacting partner bacteria. Dual-species biofilms of D. acidovorans 005P and other DW bacteria were developed to understand the role of coaggregation on biofilm formation. Biofilm formation by Citrobacter freundii and Pseudomonas putida strains highly benefited from the presence of D. acidovorans 005P, apparently due to the production of extracellular molecules/public goods favouring microbial cooperation. This was the first time that the coaggregation capacity of D. acidovorans was demonstrated, highlighting its role in providing a metabolic opportunity for partner bacteria.
Topics: Drinking Water; Delftia acidovorans; Biofilms; Bacteria; Citrobacter freundii
PubMed: 36889402
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162646 -
Disease Markers 2021Clinical studies have shown that ankylosing spondylitis (AS) could be significantly improved by Governor Vessel moxibustion (GVM) therapy.
BACKGROUND
Clinical studies have shown that ankylosing spondylitis (AS) could be significantly improved by Governor Vessel moxibustion (GVM) therapy.
OBJECTIVE
Study whether GVM therapy alleviates the clinical symptoms of AS by modulating intestinal microbiota.
METHODS
A total of 9 AS patients and 9 paired healthy individuals were enrolled, and GVM therapy was provided to the AS patients. Stool, urine, and saliva samples from the healthy individuals and the AS patients before and after GVM therapy were collected, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed for microbiota analysis.
RESULTS
We found that GVM therapy can significantly alleviate the symptoms of AS, such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, and bloating. GVM therapy also decreased the abundances of and while increasing the abundances of beneficial bacteria, such as , in the gut microbiota of the AS patients. The analyses for AS clinical data and microbial abundances in AS patients revealed their multiple significant correlations ( < 0.01); for example, an unclassified crystal was positively correlated with and , monocyte had a negative correlation with , and human leukocyte antigen-B27 was negatively correlated with , , and .
CONCLUSIONS
Overall, these findings demonstrate that GVM therapy can alleviate AS clinical symptoms, and at the same time, it improves the microbial structure of microbiota in AS patients. This trial is registered with Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2100051907.
Topics: Abdominal Pain; Adult; Diarrhea; Feces; Female; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Male; Medicine, Chinese Traditional; Middle Aged; Moxibustion; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Saliva; Spondylitis, Ankylosing; Urine
PubMed: 34966466
DOI: 10.1155/2021/9370758 -
The Science of the Total Environment Feb 2021Previous studies have provided evidence that bioremediation deals a novel approach to graffiti removal, thereby overcoming well-known limitations of current cleaning...
Previous studies have provided evidence that bioremediation deals a novel approach to graffiti removal, thereby overcoming well-known limitations of current cleaning methods. In the present study eight bacteria aerobic, mesophilic and culturable from the American ATCC and the German DSMZ collections of microorganisms, some isolated from car paint waste, colored deposits in a pulp dryer and wastewater from dye works, were tested in the removal of silver and black graffiti spray paints using immersion strategies with glass slides. Absorbance at 600 nm and live/dead assays were performed to estimate bacterial density and activity in all samples. Also, pH and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and inorganic carbon (DIC) measurements in the liquid media were made, as well as, thickness, colorimetric and infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy measurements in graffiti paint layers were used to evaluate the presence of the selected bacteria in the samples and the graffiti bioremoval capacity of bacteria. Data demonstrated that of the eight bacteria studied, Enterobacter aerogenes, Comamonas sp. and a mixture of Bacillus sp., Delftia lacustris, Sphingobacterium caeni, and Ochrobactrum anthropi were the most promising for bioremoval of graffiti. According to significant changes in FTIR spectra, indicating an alteration of the paint polymeric structure, coupled with the presence of a consistent quantity of live bacteria in the medium as well as a significant increase of DIC (a measure of metabolic activity) and a change in paint color.
Topics: Bacteria; Biodegradation, Environmental; Delftia; Sphingobacterium
PubMed: 33280882
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144075 -
Biology Sep 2021As an adaptation to unfavorable conditions, microorganisms may represent different phenotypes. L. is a hyperaccumulator of pollutants, but the functions of its...
As an adaptation to unfavorable conditions, microorganisms may represent different phenotypes. L. is a hyperaccumulator of pollutants, but the functions of its microbiome have not been well recognized to date. We aimed to reveal the potential of the microbiome for degradation of organic compounds, as well as its potential to promote plant growth in the presence of heavy metals. We applied the Biolog Phenotypic Microarrays platform to study the potential of the microbiome for the degradation of 96 carbon compounds and stress factors and assayed the hydrolytic potential and auxin production by the microorganisms in the presence of Pb, Cd, Cr (VI), Ni, Ag, and Au. We found various phenotype changes depending on the stress factor, suggesting a possible dual function of the studied microorganisms, i.e., in bioremediation and as a biofertilizer for plant growth promotion. sp., sp. and sp. exhibited high efficacy in metabolizing organic compounds. sp., sp. and sp. were efficient in enzymatic responses and were characterized by metal tolerant. Since each strain exhibited individual phenotype changes due to the studied stresses, they may all be beneficial as both biofertilizers and bioremediation agents, especially when combined in one biopreparation.
PubMed: 34571755
DOI: 10.3390/biology10090879 -
Colombia Medica (Cali, Colombia) Sep 2019A 52-year-old female patient was admitted to our clinic with complaints of cough, sputum, fever and fatigue. The patient has been receiving immunosuppressive therapy for...
CASE DESCRIPTION
A 52-year-old female patient was admitted to our clinic with complaints of cough, sputum, fever and fatigue. The patient has been receiving immunosuppressive therapy for thrombocytopenic purpura for 5 years.
CLINICAL FINDING
Inspiratory crackles were heard on both hemithorax. Oxygen saturation measured with the pulse oximeter was 97%. Chest X-ray showed diffuse reticular opacities that were more prominent in the upper zones of both lungs. WBC counts were 17,600 mm and Platelet counts were 29,000 mm. Thorax CT showed that there were many thin-walled cavities and millimetric nodules accompanied by ground-glass infiltrates in the upper and middle lobes. Gram staining of bronchial fluid, taken by bronchoscopy, revealed Gram-negative bacilli and intense polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The bacteria were defined as by BD Phoenix automated system.
TREATMENT AND OUTCOMES
The patient was hospitalized with suspicion of opportunistic pulmonary infections and cavitary lung disease. After the empirical treatment of intravenous piperacillin-tazobactam and oral clarithromycin, her clinical and radiological findings significantly regressed, and she was discharged with outpatient follow-up.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
This is the first example of cavitary pneumonia due to in an immunocompromised patient. We would like to emphasize that pneumonia should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary cavitary involvement in such patients.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Clarithromycin; Delftia acidovorans; Female; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Lung; Middle Aged; Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination; Pneumonia, Bacterial; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 32284666
DOI: 10.25100/cm.v50i3.4025 -
Veterinary Research Forum : An... Sep 2022To search endophytic bacteria diversity and evaluate their antibacterial activity, healthy medicinal plant of was chosen in this study. One hundred endophytic bacteria...
To search endophytic bacteria diversity and evaluate their antibacterial activity, healthy medicinal plant of was chosen in this study. One hundred endophytic bacteria were isolated from surface-sterilized tissues (root, stem and leaf) of . Using sequence analysis targeting 16S rRNA gene, eight genera, including , , , , , , and were identified. Antibacterial activity of endophytic bacteria was examined against some test bacteria, employing agar well diffusion method. Out of 31 endophytic bacterial isolates, 24(77.42%) isolates showed significant antimicrobial activity against , 17(54.84%) isolates exhibited maximum activity against , 14(45.16%) isolates against and 5(16.13%) isolates showed positive activity against .The results obtained in this study suggested that the medicinal plant, is is a potent source of endophytic bacteria with antibacterial activity and offers promise for discovery of more impressive biological compounds.
PubMed: 36320307
DOI: 10.30466/vrf.2021.529714.3174 -
Wound Repair and Regeneration :... Nov 2022Xenopus laevis tadpoles can regenerate functional tails, containing the spinal cord, notochord, muscle, fin, blood vessels and nerves, except for a brief refractory...
Xenopus laevis tadpoles can regenerate functional tails, containing the spinal cord, notochord, muscle, fin, blood vessels and nerves, except for a brief refractory period at around 1 week of age. At this stage, amputation of the tadpole's tail may either result in scarless wound healing or the activation of a regeneration programme, which replaces the lost tissues. We recently demonstrated a link between bacterial lipopolysaccharides and successful tail regeneration in refractory stage tadpoles and proposed that this could result from lipopolysaccharides binding to Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Here, we have used 16S rRNA sequencing to show that the tadpole skin microbiome is highly variable between sibships and that the community can be altered by raising embryos in the antibiotic gentamicin. Six Gram-negative genera, including Delftia and Chryseobacterium, were over-represented in tadpoles that underwent tail regeneration. Lipopolysaccharides purified from a commensal Chryseobacterium spp. XDS4, an exogenous Delftia spp. or Escherichia coli, could significantly increase the number of antibiotic-raised tadpoles that attempted regeneration. Conversely, the quality of regeneration was impaired in native-raised tadpoles exposed to the antagonistic lipopolysaccharide of Rhodobacter sphaeroides. Editing TLR4 using CRISPR/Cas9 also reduced regeneration quality, but not quantity, at the level of the cohort. However, we found that the editing level of individual tadpoles was a poor predictor of regenerative outcome. In conclusion, our results suggest that variable regeneration in refractory stage tadpoles depends at least in part on the skin microbiome and lipopolysaccharide signalling, but that signalling via TLR4 cannot account for all of this effect.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Larva; Lipopolysaccharides; Microbiota; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Toll-Like Receptor 4; Wound Healing; Xenopus laevis
PubMed: 35212086
DOI: 10.1111/wrr.13003 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2022The current symbiotic view of the organisms also calls for new approaches in the way we perceive and manage our pest species. The olive fruit fly, the most important...
The current symbiotic view of the organisms also calls for new approaches in the way we perceive and manage our pest species. The olive fruit fly, the most important olive tree pest, is dependent on an obligate bacterial symbiont to its larvae development in the immature fruit. This symbiont, (.) Erwinia dacicola, is prevalent throughout the host life stages, and we have shown significant changes in its numbers due to olive fruit fly metamorphosis. The olive fruit fly microbiota was analyzed through 16S metabarcoding, at three development stages: last instar larvae, pupae, and adult. Besides . E. dacicola, the olive fruit flies harbor a diverse bacterial flora of which 13 operational taxonomic units (grouped in 9 genera/species) were now determined to persist excluding at metamorphosis ( sp., sp., sp., sp., sp., sp., sp., sp., and sp.). These findings open a new window of opportunities in symbiosis-based pest management.
PubMed: 35509306
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.868458 -
International Journal of Environmental... Feb 2022Chloropicrin (CP) can effectively combat soil-borne diseases but has significant side effects on nontarget microorganisms. The rhizosphere microflora play a crucial role...
Chloropicrin (CP) can effectively combat soil-borne diseases but has significant side effects on nontarget microorganisms. The rhizosphere microflora play a crucial role in promoting plant growth and protecting plants from infection by soil-borne pathogens. We conducted a laboratory pot experiment to evaluate the effect of CP on the rhizosphere soil bacterial flora and the effect of biochar amendments on the reconstruction of microbial communities. Our results show that CP fumigation and biochar additions promoted the growth of cucumber plants in the later stage of the pot experiment. CP significantly inhibited the rhizobacterial diversity and changed the community composition. Biochar amendments after CP fumigation shortened the time for the rhizobacterial diversity to recover to unfumigated levels. Biochar amendments promoted the transplantation of new populations to empty microbiome niches that were caused by CP and, in particular, stimulated many beneficial microorganisms to become the predominant flora. The relative abundances of many functional taxa related to plant-disease suppressiveness and pollutant bioremediation increased, including , , , , , , , Cytophagaceae, and . These changes stimulated by biochar amendments would promote multifunctionality in the soil rhizosphere and benefit plant growth and disease resistance.
Topics: Charcoal; Fumigation; Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; Rhizosphere; Soil; Soil Microbiology
PubMed: 35206314
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042126