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Viruses Dec 2021With increasing urbanisation, the dengue disease burden is on the rise in India, especially in large cities such as Mumbai. Current dengue surveillance in Mumbai... (Review)
Review
With increasing urbanisation, the dengue disease burden is on the rise in India, especially in large cities such as Mumbai. Current dengue surveillance in Mumbai includes municipal corporation carrying out specific activities to reduce mosquito breeding sites and the use of insecticides to suppress the adult mosquito populations. Clinical cases remain either underreported or misreported due to the restriction to government clinics, missing the large private health care sector. There is a need for an integrated approach to manage dengue outbreaks in Mumbai. There are various novel strategies available for use that can be utilised to improve disease detection, mosquito surveillance, and control of mosquito-borne diseases. These novel technologies are discussed in this manuscript. Given the complex ecosystem of mosquito-borne diseases in Mumbai, integrating data obtained from these technologies would support the ongoing mosquito control measures in Mumbai.
Topics: Animals; Cities; Community Participation; Dengue; Disease Notification; Disease Outbreaks; Epidemiological Monitoring; Humans; India; Mosquito Control; Mosquito Vectors; Urban Health
PubMed: 34960705
DOI: 10.3390/v13122436 -
Revista Da Sociedade Brasileira de... 2022The risk of possible cross-reactions between serological tests, together with the clinical similarities between dengue fever and COVID-19, can delay diagnosis and...
BACKGROUND
The risk of possible cross-reactions between serological tests, together with the clinical similarities between dengue fever and COVID-19, can delay diagnosis and increase the risk of both COVID-19 transmission and worsening. The present study aimed to determine the possibility of cross-reactions among rapid serological tests based on clinical symptoms.
METHODS
Patients with COVID-19, confirmed by RT-PCR and clinical criteria for diagnosing dengue, were recruited consecutively between September 2020 and August 2021 and underwent rapid immunochromatographic diagnostic (RID) tests for AgNS1, IgM, and IgG. Patients who tested positive for acute-phase dengue IgM and AgNS1 underwent a follow-up test after 12-30 days for diagnostic confirmation.
RESULTS
A total of 43 patients were included, 38 of whom required hospital admission, and 8 received intensive care. Seven patients tested positive on the RID tests, comprising 2 NS1 positive (coinfection), one reactive for IgM and IgG (coinfection), three reactive for IgM not confirmed (false-positive), and one reactive for IgG due to previous infection. Two of the 3 patients with coinfection died. Fever, myalgia, headache, and cough were the most common clinical symptoms, while lymphopenia was the most prevalent laboratory finding.
CONCLUSIONS
Cross-reactivity was found in only three patients and coinfection in another three patients, two of whom died of severe COVID-19 manifestations.
Topics: Humans; Dengue; Coinfection; Immunoglobulin M; COVID-19; Immunoglobulin G; Antibodies, Viral
PubMed: 36287508
DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0243-2022 -
Transactions of the Royal Society of... Jun 2021Previous studies on post-infection fatigue in dengue are few but suggest that up to 25% of dengue patients may suffer from fatigue. This study aimed to evaluate the...
BACKGROUND
Previous studies on post-infection fatigue in dengue are few but suggest that up to 25% of dengue patients may suffer from fatigue. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and associations of post-infection fatigue in dengue patients compared with non-dengue fever patients.
METHODS
Post-infection fatigue and its demographic and clinical associations were assessed in adult dengue and non-dengue fever patients 2 months after the acute infection in a prospective cohort study in Sri Lanka. Fatigue at 2 months (primary endpoint) was assessed with the fatigue questionnaire as a dichotomous outcome based on a pre-recommended cut-off (score ≥4) and as the total score from the questionnaire (higher score indicates more fatigue).
RESULTS
Of 260 patients, 158 had dengue and, of these, 51 (32%) had fatigue at 2 months. Risk was higher in dengue patients (vs non-dengue; relative risk [RR] 4.93 [95% confidence interval {CI} 2.3 to 10.4]) and more so in female dengue patients (vs male dengue patients; RR 2.45 [95% CI 1.24 to 4.86]). Severe dengue patients had a higher mean fatigue score (p=0.024).
CONCLUSIONS
Post-infection fatigue is an underappreciated burden of this widely prevalent infection. Our findings are useful to triage patients at risk of fatigue for follow-up.
Topics: Adult; Cohort Studies; Dengue; Fatigue; Female; Humans; Male; Prospective Studies; Sri Lanka
PubMed: 33099653
DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/traa110 -
The American Journal of Tropical... May 2021Dengue viral infections present with a wide clinical spectrum ranging from asymptomatic to severe manifestations with organ involvement. The term "expanded dengue... (Review)
Review
Dengue viral infections present with a wide clinical spectrum ranging from asymptomatic to severe manifestations with organ involvement. The term "expanded dengue syndrome" has been commonly used to illustrate the unusual or atypical manifestations; acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the atypical manifestations of this syndrome. The use of heterogeneous criteria to determine the presence of AKI in dengue patients due to the vast diversity in populations led to difficulties in assessing the true incidence of dengue-associated AKI. This review presents a variable, but often high, frequency of dengue-associated AKI among vastly diverse populations with various disease severities. Dengue-associated AKI is not an uncommon complication, and its importance has often been neglected during the management of dengue patients. The risk factors and certain clinical and laboratory findings commonly reported among dengue patients with AKI should be considered to support a timely diagnosis and case management. This review highlights the need for clinicians to be aware of dengue-associated AKI to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with this common and important tropical disease.
Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Dengue; Epidemiological Monitoring; Forecasting; Humans; Incidence; Risk Factors
PubMed: 33939642
DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.21-0007 -
Reviews in Medical Virology Sep 2022In dengue-endemic regions, the co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 and dengue is a significant health concern. Therefore, we performed a literature search for relevant papers... (Review)
Review
In dengue-endemic regions, the co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 and dengue is a significant health concern. Therefore, we performed a literature search for relevant papers in seven databases on 26 Spetember 2021. Out of 24 articles, the mortality rate and intensive care unit (ICU) admission were 19.1% and 7.8%, respectively. The mean hospital stay was 11.4 days. In addition, we identified two pregnancies with dengue and COVID-19 co-infection; one ended with premature rupture of membrane and intrauterine growth restriction fetus, while the other one ended with maternal mortality and intrauterine fetal death. COVID-19 and dengue co-infection had worse outcomes regarding mortality rates, ICU admission, and prolonged hospital stay. Thus, wise-decision management approaches should be adequately offered to these patients to enhance their outcomes. Establishing an early diagnosis might be the answer to reducing the estimated significant burden of these conditions.
Topics: COVID-19; Coinfection; Dengue; Female; Humans; Pregnancy; Premature Birth; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 35213764
DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2339 -
BMC Infectious Diseases Aug 2021Dengue is the most common arboviral disease in the tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. Like other regions, dengue-endemic areas have faced the additional...
BACKGROUND
Dengue is the most common arboviral disease in the tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. Like other regions, dengue-endemic areas have faced the additional public health and socio-economic impact of the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. COVID-19 and dengue co-infections have been reported, with complicated patient management and care requirements. This review aimed to collate and synthesise current knowledge on the clinical features and outcomes of COVID-19 and dengue virus co-infection, a potentially important new dimension to be considered in public health management of the COVID-19 pandemic.
METHODS
A systematic literature review was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases from 1st January to 21st November 2020. The key search terms used were "dengue" and "coronavirus". Descriptive analysis with graphical illustrations were used to present the clinical and laboratory parameters of the co-infection.
RESULTS
Thirteen published papers and four news articles were included in the review. Most studies were case reports with a detailed description of the clinical and laboratory characteristics of the co-infection. All cases were in adults with the exception of a six-year old child. The common symptoms of co-infection were fever, dyspnea, headache, and cough. Common laboratory results included thrombocytopenia, lymphocytopenia, elevated transaminases, and leukopenia. Serious outcomes of co-infection included septic shock, acute respiratory disease syndrome and multi-organ failure, leading to death in some patients.
CONCLUSIONS
COVID-19 and dengue co-infection was associated with severe disease and fatal outcomes. The correct diagnosis and treatment of co-infection poses a substantial challenge due to the overlapping clinical and laboratory parameters. Therefore, confirmative diagnostic tests are necessary for accurate and timely diagnosis and patient management.
Topics: Adult; COVID-19; Child; Coinfection; Dengue; Humans; Pandemics; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 34340682
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-06409-9 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Feb 2021Dengue fever is one of the most common viral infections affecting humans. It is an expanding public health problem, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. No... (Review)
Review
Dengue fever is one of the most common viral infections affecting humans. It is an expanding public health problem, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. No effective vaccine or antiviral therapies against Dengue virus (DENV) infection are available. Therefore, there is a strong need to develop safe and effective therapeutic strategies that can reduce the burden and duration of hospitalizations due to this life-threatening disease. Oligonucleotide-based strategies are considered as an attractive means of inhibiting viral replication since oligonucleotides can be designed to interact with any viral RNA, provided its sequence is known. The resultant targeted destruction of viral RNA interferes with viral replication without inducing any adverse effects on cellular processes. In this review, we elaborate the ribozymes, RNA interference, CRISPR, aptamer and morpholino strategies for the inhibition of DENV replication and discuss the challenges involved in utilizing such approaches.
Topics: Antiviral Agents; Dengue; Dengue Virus; Humans; Oligonucleotides; RNA Interference; Virus Replication
PubMed: 33670247
DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040956 -
International Journal of Environmental... Jun 2020In recent years there has been an increasing use of satellite Earth observation (EO) data in dengue research, in particular the identification of landscape factors... (Review)
Review
In recent years there has been an increasing use of satellite Earth observation (EO) data in dengue research, in particular the identification of landscape factors affecting dengue transmission. Summarizing landscape factors and satellite EO data sources, and making the information public are helpful for guiding future research and improving health decision-making. In this case, a review of the literature would appear to be an appropriate tool. However, this is not an easy-to-use tool. The review process mainly includes defining the topic, searching, screening at both title/abstract and full-text levels and data extraction that needs consistent knowledge from experts and is time-consuming and labor intensive. In this context, this study integrates the review process, text scoring, active learning (AL) mechanism, and bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) networks, and proposes a semi-supervised text classification framework that enables the efficient and accurate selection of the relevant articles. Specifically, text scoring and BiLSTM-based active learning were used to replace the title/abstract screening and full-text screening, respectively, which greatly reduces the human workload. In this study, 101 relevant articles were selected from 4 bibliographic databases, and a catalogue of essential dengue landscape factors was identified and divided into four categories: land use (LU), land cover (LC), topography and continuous land surface features. Moreover, various satellite EO sensors and products used for identifying landscape factors were tabulated. Finally, possible future directions of applying satellite EO data in dengue research in terms of landscape patterns, satellite sensors and deep learning were proposed. The proposed semi-supervised text classification framework was successfully applied in research evidence synthesis that could be easily applied to other topics, particularly in an interdisciplinary context.
Topics: Animals; Dengue; Hot Temperature; Humans; India; Information Storage and Retrieval; Machine Learning
PubMed: 32585932
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124509 -
PloS One 2022The purpose of this study is to examine the awareness and perception of malaria and dengue fever in Multan Punjab, Pakistan while taking into account the important role...
The purpose of this study is to examine the awareness and perception of malaria and dengue fever in Multan Punjab, Pakistan while taking into account the important role of government policies and other variables. The goal of this study is to examine the awareness of students in Multan, Pakistan on malaria and dengue. This study is based on a quantitative approach of secondary evidence from scientific journals and questionnaire surveys. It is also based on observational evidence gathered in Multan Punjab Pakistan, in a field study. The survey with school children, teachers and healthcare professionals were both formal and semi-structuralize. Studies have found that malaria and dengue mainly affect children's schooling through their absence, but can also induce brain loss and cognitive disability. In questionnaires, students were seen to have different understanding of the illness, but also to be able to serve as agents of health reform only through teachers. A sample size of 500 respondents has been selected from different colleges of district Multan Punjab, Pakistan. Correlation technique is used for the data analysis. According to our results it is concluded that the students at college level are aware of malaria and dengue diseases, but they are not capable of engaging and serving as agents for health reform. On the basis of results it is recommended that students must teach about epidemics diseases regarding how to handle these diseases.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Awareness; Dengue; Female; Humans; Malaria; Male; Pakistan; Perception; Schools; Students; Surveys and Questionnaires; Universities; Young Adult
PubMed: 35143507
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260868 -
Current Opinion in Virology Aug 2020Dengue virus (DENV) causes the most prevalent arbovirus illness worldwide and is responsible for many debilitating epidemics. The four circulating DENV serotypes infect... (Review)
Review
Dengue virus (DENV) causes the most prevalent arbovirus illness worldwide and is responsible for many debilitating epidemics. The four circulating DENV serotypes infect humans and can cause asymptomatic, mild, moderate, or severe Dengue. Because of the global morbidity and mortality due to Dengue, deployment of a safe and effective tetravalent vaccine has been a high priority, and to date, a partially realized goal. The study of pathogenesis and development of DENV therapeutics and vaccines has been limited by few animal models that recapitulate key features of human disease. Over the past two decades, mouse models of DENV infection have evolved with increasing success. Here, we review the utilization and limitations of mice for studying DENV pathogenesis and evaluating countermeasures.
Topics: Animals; Dengue; Dengue Vaccines; Dengue Virus; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Mice; Virulence
PubMed: 32950933
DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2020.09.001