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International Journal of Molecular... Dec 2023Dental implantology is one of the most dynamically developing fields of dentistry, which, despite developing clinical knowledge and new technologies, is still associated... (Review)
Review
Dental implantology is one of the most dynamically developing fields of dentistry, which, despite developing clinical knowledge and new technologies, is still associated with many complications that may lead to the loss of the implant or the development of the disease, including peri-implantitis. One of the reasons for this condition may be the fact that dental implants cannot yield a proper osseointegration process due to the development of oral microbiota dysbiosis and the accompanying inflammation caused by immunological imbalance. This study aims to present current knowledge as to the impact of oral microflora dysbiosis and deregulation of the immune system on the course of failures observed in dental implantology. Evidence points to a strong correlation between these biological disturbances and implant complications, often stemming from improper osseointegration, pathogenic biofilms on implants, as well as an exacerbated inflammatory response. Technological enhancements in implant design may mitigate pathogen colonization and inflammation, underscoring implant success rates.
Topics: Humans; Dental Implants; Dysbiosis; Inflammation; Osseointegration; Microbiota; Immunity
PubMed: 38139449
DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417620 -
Journal of Prosthodontic Research Apr 2022This study aimed to investigate the cortical response characteristics evoked by natural teeth and implants.
PURPOSE
This study aimed to investigate the cortical response characteristics evoked by natural teeth and implants.
METHODS
Five cats were subjected to intrinsic signal optical imaging to measure the cortical responses evoked by natural teeth and implants. The difference in tactile sensation between the implant and natural tooth was compared in detail at the cortical response level.
RESULTS
Some similarities were observed between the implants and natural teeth. The stimulating-response curves of the implants and natural teeth were generally S-curves, and both implants and natural teeth preferred labial-lingual direction stimulation. The implants and natural teeth differed in terms of their tactile sensitivity: implants were weaker than natural teeth in terms of both static and dynamic sensitivity. However, after saturation, there was no significant difference in tactile strength between implants and natural teeth.
CONCLUSION
Both natural teeth and implants are able to distinguish the tactile strength and stimulation direction. Although implants are less sensitive than the natural tooth, the maximal tactile function and directional preference of implants are similar to those of natural teeth.
Topics: Dental Implants; Somatosensory Cortex; Tooth; Touch
PubMed: 34349082
DOI: 10.2186/jpr.JPR_D_20_00281 -
Dental Materials : Official Publication... Jun 2023To discuss the state of the art of Finite Element (FE) modeling in implant dentistry, to highlight the principal features and the current limitations, and giving... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To discuss the state of the art of Finite Element (FE) modeling in implant dentistry, to highlight the principal features and the current limitations, and giving recommendations to pave the way for future studies.
METHODS
The articles' search was performed through PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar using specific keywords. The articles were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, after title, abstract and full-text evaluation. A total of 147 studies were included in this review.
RESULTS
To date, the FE analysis of the bone-dental implant system has been investigated by analyzing several types of implants; modeling only a portion of bone considered as isotropic material, despite its anisotropic behavior; assuming in most cases complete osseointegration; considering compressive or oblique forces acting on the implant; neglecting muscle forces and the bone remodeling process. Finally, there is no standardized approach for FE modeling in the dentistry field.
SIGNIFICANCE
FE modeling is an effective computational tool to investigate the long-term stability of implants. The ultimate aim is to transfer such technology into clinical practice to help dentists in the diagnostic and therapeutic phases. To do this, future research should deeply investigate the loading influence on the bone-implant complex at a microscale level. This is a key factor still not adequately studied. Thus, a multiscale model could be useful, allowing to account for this information through multiple length scales. It could help to obtain information about the relationship among implant design, distribution of bone stress, and bone growth. Finally, the adoption of a standardized approach will be necessary, in order to make FE modeling highly predictive of the implant's long-term stability.
Topics: Dental Implants; Finite Element Analysis; Osseointegration; Bone and Bones; Stress, Mechanical; Dental Stress Analysis
PubMed: 37080880
DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2023.04.002 -
La Clinica Terapeutica 2023New techniques, surgical protocols, dental implant designs, and prosthetic rehabilitation have been used in dentistry, most of which have yielded good results in the... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
INTRODUCTION
New techniques, surgical protocols, dental implant designs, and prosthetic rehabilitation have been used in dentistry, most of which have yielded good results in the literature. This retrospective survey assessed the clinical results of patients rehabilitated with dental implants between January 2011 and December 2021. Load protocols (immediate and conventional), types of connections of the installed implants, external hexagon (EH), and cone morse (MC) were evaluated.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Two evaluators were selected and calibrated to perform the analyses. The inclusion criteria were records with complete and legible information of patients rehabilitated with dental implants who were followed for at least 1 year after rehabilita-tion. The medical records were divided into two groups, G1 (implants with conventional load) and G2 (implants with immediate load), and further subdivided according to implant type. Information about the rehabilitation failures was noted and descriptive statistics of the results were obtained.
RESULTS
Among the 432 evaluated medical records of patients rehabilitated with implants, the study included 319 records: 223 from women and 96 from men, aged 20-79 years. In total, data were available on 1,227 implants with dimensions of 10-13 mm and diameters of 3.75-4 mm. The G1 (n=1.188) survival rates were 94.95% for EH implants and 99.5% for MC implants. In G2 (n=39), the survival rates were 93.75% for EH implants and 91.3% for MC implants. The implant survival rates were relatively high among all groups evaluated; however, the discrepancy between the number of implants in the groups may compromise the comparison between them. Understanding and respecting the biomechanical and technical principles of each protocol was the main factor influencing the success of rehabilitation.
CONCLUSION
The results of this study showed that, according to medical records, rehabilitation with dental implants showed excellent results regardless of the connection type (EH or MC) or loading protocol (conventional or immediate). The two loading protocols and two connection types had excellent results and scientific support. Therefore, the choice should be based on the clinical needs of each patient.
Topics: Male; Humans; Female; Retrospective Studies; Bone-Anchored Prosthesis; Dental Implants; Dental Implantation, Endosseous; Follow-Up Studies
PubMed: 36920136
DOI: 10.7417/CT.2023.2516 -
BioMed Research International 2023Evaluate the effect of different mini-implant numbers on overdenture retention and evaluate attachment wear following one year of simulated placement/removal. . Nine...
PURPOSE
Evaluate the effect of different mini-implant numbers on overdenture retention and evaluate attachment wear following one year of simulated placement/removal. . Nine models simulating atrophic mandibles held 27 mini dental implants in three groups of 2, 3, and 4 mini-implants. A total of 1080 simulated placement/removal cycles were carried out, and a digital force gauge was used to measure the overdenture dislodgment force. The means of the retention forces were analyzed using SPSS with one-way ANOVA and post hoc ( < 0.05). The inner diameter of attachment inserts was evaluated using a light microscope before and after testing. A paired -test was used to compare the mean of inner ring diameters ( < 0.05).
RESULTS
The retention was significantly reduced regardless of the mini dental implant number, but the number affected overdenture retention. The placement of 4 mini dental implants provided higher retention and less reduction in retentiveness. However, no significant difference was found when 3 mini dental implants were compared to 2 mini dental implants ( = 0.21). Microscopic examination showed abrasion wear in all inserts following testing. However, the inserts of the 4 mini dental implants showed less wear than those used for 2 or 3 mini dental implants with ≤ 0.001 and ≤ 0.001, respectively.
CONCLUSION
Mini dental implant overdenture retention force and attachment wear could improve by increasing the mini dental implants to 4. However, there was no difference in retention force or attachment wear when 2 or 3 mini dental implant overdentures were compared.
Topics: Dental Implants; Denture, Overlay; Denture Retention; Mandible; Microscopy; Dental Stress Analysis
PubMed: 37168235
DOI: 10.1155/2023/7099761 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Oct 2021: The success rates of surgical dental implant insertions are high. However, knowledge of patients' recovery is still lacking. "Health-related quality of life" (HRQOL)...
: The success rates of surgical dental implant insertions are high. However, knowledge of patients' recovery is still lacking. "Health-related quality of life" (HRQOL) questionnaires are gaining popularity in all fields of medicine. The present survey assessed the perception of recovery after the surgical placement of dental implants. : Forty individuals (26 women and 14 men; mean age, 55 ± 12 years) filled a questionnaire evaluating patients' perception of recovery for 7 consecutive days post-surgery. Confounding factors included age, gender, oral habits, smoking, bruxism, bone quality (tactile evaluation) and quantity, implant location, number of implants, implant type, length and diameter, one-stage vs. two-stage, and the need for bone grafting. : The most serious difficulties were found in swelling, which became minimal after 5 days, followed by eating everyday food, ability to enjoy everyday food, maximal pain and average pain (3 days); analgesics consumption (2.5 days); limitations in daily routine, mouth opening, and speech (2 days); swallowing and sleep (1.5 days); and, within 1 day, all other measures attained minimal levels. Gender, and implant location (anterior vs. posterior) were significant predictor variables exerting their different characteristic delayed recoveries. : (1) Patients should expect, in general, recovery within 4 days after dental implant placement; (2) women will experience a delayed recovery, (3) implants placed in the intercanine area will result in postoperative eating difficulties for nearly one week, and (4) the number of implants placed during the same appointment has no effect on post treatment recovery.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Dental Implants; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Perception; Postoperative Period; Quality of Life; Surveys and Questionnaires; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 34684148
DOI: 10.3390/medicina57101111 -
JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan... Jun 2023The purpose of this review was to explore the 20 most cited articles on prosthetic complications with dental implants. Identification of such articles could be helpful... (Review)
Review
The purpose of this review was to explore the 20 most cited articles on prosthetic complications with dental implants. Identification of such articles could be helpful in prosthodontics residency programmes in devising the curriculum of essential reading material in implantology. The Institute for Scientific Information, Web of Science Database, and Google Scholar were used to identify the 20 top-cited articles published in journals from 1980 till June 2021. These articles were then evaluated according to the number of citations, authors, study design, publication year, and publishing journal. Descriptive statistics were computed for bibliometrics. It was observed that the citation count ranged from 6,391 to 315 (in descending order). The Toronto study is the most cited study on dental implant prosthetic complications. Prospective studies and systematic and narrative reviews were the predominant study designs used in the articles; however, alarmingly no randomised controlled trials were included in the list.
Topics: Humans; Dental Implants; Prospective Studies; Bibliometrics; Research Design; Curriculum
PubMed: 37427629
DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.6510 -
Sovremennye Tekhnologii V Meditsine 2023Current technologies of plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) for modifying the surfaces of dental implants made of the Grade IV titan alloy provide predictable long-term...
UNLABELLED
Current technologies of plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) for modifying the surfaces of dental implants made of the Grade IV titan alloy provide predictable long-term results in implant dentistry. is to evaluate the efficacy of PEO technology comparing two types of surface modification of dental implants made of VT1-0 medical titanium alloy.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
50 IRIS dental implants (Scientific Production Company LICOSTOM, Russia), 10-mm long and 4 mm in diameter, were manufactured from the VT1-0 alloy. The implant surface was treated by two PEO methods: 1) in the aqueous solution of alkaline electrolyte without any additional modifiers (PEO-Ti); 2) in the aqueous solution of orthophosphoric acid-based electrolyte containing calcium carbonate (PEO-Ca). Implants made of VT1-0 alloy after milling and without additional treatment served as control samples. The implant surfaces were studied by electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry. Some of the implants were installed in sheep, samples were obtained at 2, 4, and 8 weeks and studied by microcomputer tomography.
RESULTS
Regardless of the electrolyte composition, a highly developed porous surface was formed in the samples with PEO-modified surfaces. The surface of the PEO-Ti samples in a simple unmodified electrolyte was characterized by a large number of open pores with a wide range of size distribution from 200 nm to 3 μm. The pore size distribution was of a monomodal character, with a maximum near 0.23 μm. The PEO samples in the Ca-containing electrolyte had pores also in a wide range from ~80 nm to ~7 μm. The pore distribution, in contrast to PEO-Ti, was bimodal in nature, with the main maximum in the region of 1.05 μm and the concomitant maximum near 2.45 μm.The obtained surfaces of both types (PEO with Ca and Ti) possessed high purity and optimal microroughness for osseointegration. Both types of PEO treatment (PEO with Ca and Ti) have demonstrated a similar osseointegrative potential, nevertheless, the surface of the PEO-Ca showed a better contact with the implant surface (49.8%) than PEO-Ti (42.4%) obviously due to the presence of calcium in its composition.
CONCLUSION
The PEO-formed implant surfaces demonstrate high osseointegrative properties after any variants of treatment and show the potential for application in osteoporosis.
Topics: Animals; Sheep; Dental Implants; Alloys; Calcium Carbonate; Calcium, Dietary; Electrolytes
PubMed: 38435475
DOI: 10.17691/stm2023.15.3.02 -
Journal of Clinical Periodontology Jun 2023To evaluate the efficacy of non-surgical submarginal peri-implant instrumentation with mechanical/physical decontamination compared to non-surgical submarginal... (Review)
Review
AIM
To evaluate the efficacy of non-surgical submarginal peri-implant instrumentation with mechanical/physical decontamination compared to non-surgical submarginal instrumentation alone or with placebo decontamination in patients with peri-implantitis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Three focused questions were addressed, and a systematic search for randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs), controlled clinical trials, and prospective cohort studies with definitions of peri-implantitis and a minimal follow-up of 6 months was conducted. The main outcome variables were reduction in pocket probing depth (PD) and bleeding on probing (BOP). Suppuration on probing, marginal peri-implant bone level changes, patient-related outcomes and adverse events, implant survival, treatment success, and disease resolution were assessed as secondary outcomes.
RESULTS
Out of 239 findings, full-text articles were assessed for eligibility, and 9 (n = 9 RCTs) were included in the present review. Five studies evaluated the effects of various laser types, and in four studies efficacy of air-abrasive mechanisms and of a novel ultrasonic device was determined. At 6 months, PD reductions were observed in nine studies but only Er, Cr:YSGG laser-treated group showed statistically significant higher reductions compared to the control group. BOP was statistically significantly reduced at 6 months in two studies following the application of Er:YAG laser compared to controls. One study reported statistically significant reduction in BOP following application of air-polishing device compared to control treatment. No statistically significant differences between treatment groups were reported for the secondary outcome variables. Owing to the large heterogeneity of study designs, no meta-analysis was performed.
CONCLUSIONS
Available evidence on the efficacy of non-surgical submarginal peri-implant instrumentation with mechanical/physical decontamination is limited by the small number of controlled studies and the high heterogeneity of study protocols. Clinical and patient-reported benefits remain to be demonstrated.
Topics: Humans; Dental Implants; Peri-Implantitis; Treatment Outcome; Disinfection
PubMed: 36550060
DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13762 -
British Dental Journal May 2024The long-term maintenance or restoration of peri-implant tissues' health depends on the strategic implementation of preventive measures and interventions. These measures... (Review)
Review
The long-term maintenance or restoration of peri-implant tissues' health depends on the strategic implementation of preventive measures and interventions. These measures should be initiated before implant placement and continued throughout a patient's lifetime, as part of a tailored and comprehensive supportive peri-implant care (SPIC) programme. Central to the clinical efforts of maintaining and rehabilitating peri-implant tissues are several key factors, including the ongoing assessment and frequent monitoring of tissue health and stability, proactive oral health promotion, the control of risk factors and indicators and the provision of professional plaque biofilm removal. It is of paramount importance to underline that SPIC should not limit its scope exclusively to patients already in a state of peri-implant health; in fact, it is imperative that it should extend its protective effect to individuals who have been previously diagnosed and treated for peri-implant diseases, focusing on preventing its recurrence and progression, thereby avoiding further complications, such as implant loss.This narrative review presents an overview of the current literature on the maintenance of peri-implant tissues' health and the steps of SPIC providing insights into the critical factors to be considered when managing dental implant patients in the general dental practice.
Topics: Humans; Dental Implants; General Practice, Dental; Peri-Implantitis; Oral Health; Risk Factors
PubMed: 38789755
DOI: 10.1038/s41415-024-7406-8