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BMC Oral Health Jul 2023This study aims to evaluate the primary teeth undergoing amputation due to dental caries or trauma clinically and radiologically.
AIM
This study aims to evaluate the primary teeth undergoing amputation due to dental caries or trauma clinically and radiologically.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The amputation treatment of 90 primary teeth of 58 patients (Female: 20, Male: 38) aged 4-11 years was evaluated clinically and radiologically. Calcium Hydroxide was used for amputation in this study. Composite or amalgam was preferred as filling material in the same session of the patients. Clinical/radiological (Periapical/Panoramic X-ray) examination was performed on the teeth that were unsuccessful in treatment, on the day of the patient's complaint, and at the end of 1 year in the others.
RESULTS
According to the clinical and radiological findings of the patients, 14.4% of the boys and 12.3% of the girls were unsuccessful. Amputation in male was a need in the 6-7 age group with a rate of 44.6% at most. Amputation in females was a need in the 8-9 age group with a rate of 52% at most.
CONCLUSION
Success in amputation treatment depends on the tooth, the dentist, and the dental material applied.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Child; Dental Caries; Tooth, Deciduous; Dental Materials; Calcium Hydroxide; Dental Amalgam
PubMed: 37415166
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03171-z -
BMC Oral Health Jun 2020Bacterial biofilms adhere to all tissues and surfaces in the oral cavity. Oral biofilms are responsible for the decay of human dental structures and the inflammatory...
BACKGROUND
Bacterial biofilms adhere to all tissues and surfaces in the oral cavity. Oral biofilms are responsible for the decay of human dental structures and the inflammatory degeneration of the alveolar bone. Moreover, oral biofilms on artificial materials influence the lifespan of dental prostheses and restoratives.
METHODS
To investigate in vivo oral biofilm formation and growth, five different dental restorative materials were analyzed and compared to human enamel. The roughness of the materials and the human enamel control probe were measured at the start of the study. The dental restorative materials and the human enamel control probe were placed in dental splints and worn for 3 h, 24 h and 72 h.
RESULTS
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed major differences between oral biofilm formation and growth on the materials compared to those on human enamel. Microbiological analyses showed that bacterial strains differed between the materials. Significant differences were observed in the roughness of the dental materials.
CONCLUSIONS
It can be concluded that material roughness affects biofilm formation on dental surfaces and restoratives, but other factors, such as surface charge, surface energy and material composition, may also have an influence.
Topics: Bacterial Adhesion; Biofilms; Dental Enamel; Dental Implants; Dental Materials; Dental Plaque; Humans; Mouth; Surface Properties
PubMed: 32493365
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01147-x -
Clinical Oral Investigations Feb 2022The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of filler content, degradation media and time on the mechanical properties of different dental composites after in...
OBJECTIVE
The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of filler content, degradation media and time on the mechanical properties of different dental composites after in vitro aging.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Specimens (1 mm) of three commercially available composites (GrandioSO®, Arabesk Top®, Arabesk Flow®) with respect to their filler content were stored in artificial aging media: artificial saliva, ethanol (60%), lactic acid (pH 5) and citric acid (pH 5). Parameters (Vickers microhardness, compressive strength, elastic modulus, water sorption and solubility) were determined in their initial state (control group, n = 3 for microhardness, n = 5 for the other parameters) and after 14, 30, 90 and 180 days (n = 3 for microhardness, n = 5 for the other parameters for each composite group, time point and media). Specimens were also characterized with dynamic-mechanical-thermal analysis (compression tests, F = ± 7 N; f = 0.5 Hz, 1 Hz and 3.3 Hz; t = 0-170 °C).
RESULTS
Incorporation of fillers with more than 80 w% leads to significantly better mechanical properties under static and dynamic compression tests and a better water sorption behavior, even after chemical degradation. The influence of degradation media and time is of subordinate importance for chemical degradation.
CONCLUSION
Although the investigated composites have a similar matrix, they showed different degradation behavior. Since dentine and enamel occur only in small layer thickness, a test specimen geometry with very small dimensions is recommended for direct comparison. Moreover, the use of compression tests to determine the mechanical parameters for the development of structure-compatible and functionally adapted composites makes sense as an additional standard. Clinical relevance Preferential use of highly filled composites for occlusal fillings is recommended.
Topics: Composite Resins; Dental Materials; Elastic Modulus; Hardness; Materials Testing; Saliva, Artificial; Stress, Mechanical; Surface Properties
PubMed: 34453210
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-04122-0 -
BMC Oral Health Dec 2023This study aimed to compare the efficacy of different gap filling materials in immediate implant in anterior and premolar regions of maxilla. (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Comparison between platelet rich fibrin as space filling material versus xenograft and alloplastic bone grafting materials in immediate implant placement: a randomized clinical trial.
BACKGROUND
This study aimed to compare the efficacy of different gap filling materials in immediate implant in anterior and premolar regions of maxilla.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Thirty-six implants were inserted in patients seeking for replacement of non-restorable maxillary anterior and premolar teeth (esthetic zone) by immediate implant. Patients were randomly distributed into three equal groups, twelve implants in each group. Group 1 received Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF) into the jumping distance, Group 2 received Xenograft into the jumping distance and Group 3 received Alloplastic bone grafting material into the jumping distance. Implant stability by measuring the changes in Resonance Frequency Analysis (RFA), peri-implant pocket depth, marginal bone loss and changes in buccal bone thickness were evaluated during follow up periods. All the clinical and radiographic data were subjected to statistical analysis by One Way ANOVA test and the Post Hoc Tukey test.
RESULTS
This study involved 19 female patients and 17 male patients who received 36 dental implants. There was no significant difference between the study groups regarding implant stability, peri-implant pocket depth and palatal bone loss, while there was a significant difference between PRF Group (Group 1) and the other Groups regarding buccal bone loss and changes in buccal bone thickness.
CONCLUSION
PRF can be used as a gap filling material in conjunction with immediate implant placement, but other bone grafting materials give superior result regarding buccal bone loss and changes in buccal bone thickness.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
The study was listed on www.
CLINICALTRIALS
gov with registration number (NCT05878392) on 26/05/2023. The Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt, approved the current study in compliance with the seventh revision of the Helsinki Declaration in 2013 (A0103023OS).
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Dental Implants; Heterografts; Bone Transplantation; Platelet-Rich Fibrin; Dental Implantation, Endosseous; Dental Materials; Maxilla; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 38066454
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03678-5 -
Dental Materials Journal Jan 2020The purpose of the study was to test new method for in vitro evaluation of dental material wear with 3D digitization procedure. Thirty dental crowns, made of...
The purpose of the study was to test new method for in vitro evaluation of dental material wear with 3D digitization procedure. Thirty dental crowns, made of polyetheretherketone and veneered with composite material, were subjected to wear test. The crown surface was digitized using coordinate measuring machine before and after the performed wear test. Mesh 3D models were reconstructed and average and maximum depth of lost material and volume loss was calculated (GOM Inspect 2016 software). Mean average depth value amounted 12±7 µm, maximum depth value was 42 µm, while mean volume loss was 0.0024 mm. The smallest measured values were 4 µm for depth value and 0.0003 mm for volume loss. Coefficient of variation was very high for all tested parameters (>50%) as a result of data inconsistency. Within the limitations of applied methodology, the possibility of using coordinate measuring machine in measurement of dental material wear was confirmed.
Topics: Crowns; Dental Materials; Dental Restoration Wear; Humans; Materials Testing; Surface Properties; Tooth; Tooth Crown; Tooth Wear
PubMed: 31611495
DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2018-280 -
International Journal of Molecular... Dec 2020Oxidative stress (OS) is a redox homeostasis disorder that results in oxidation of cell components and thus disturbs cell metabolism. OS is induced by numerous internal... (Review)
Review
The Effect of Selected Dental Materials Used in Conservative Dentistry, Endodontics, Surgery, and Orthodontics as Well as during the Periodontal Treatment on the Redox Balance in the Oral Cavity.
Oxidative stress (OS) is a redox homeostasis disorder that results in oxidation of cell components and thus disturbs cell metabolism. OS is induced by numerous internal as well as external factors. According to recent studies, dental treatment may also be one of them. The aim of our work was to assess the effect of dental treatment on the redox balance of the oral cavity. We reviewed literature available in PubMed, Medline, and Scopus databases, including the results from 2010 to 2020. Publications were searched according to the keywords: oxidative stress and dental monomers; oxidative stress and amalgam; oxidative stress and periodontitis, oxidative stress and braces, oxidative stress and titanium; oxidative stress and dental implants, oxidative stress and endodontics treatment, oxidative stress and dental treatment; and oxidative stress and dental composite. It was found that dental treatment with the use of composites, amalgams, glass-ionomers, materials for root canal filling/rinsing, orthodontic braces (made of various metal alloys), titanium implants, or whitening agents can disturb oral redox homeostasis by affecting the antioxidant barrier and increasing oxidative damage to salivary proteins, lipids, and DNA. Abnormal saliva secretion/composition was also observed in dental patients in the course of OS. It is suggested that the addition of antioxidants to dental materials or antioxidant therapy applied during dental treatment could protect the patient against harmful effects of OS in the oral cavity.
Topics: Animals; Dental Materials; Endodontics; Humans; Mouth; Orthodontics; Oxidation-Reduction; Periodontal Diseases
PubMed: 33353105
DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249684 -
BMC Oral Health Sep 2022The structure of bulk-fill resin composites differs from that of their conventional counterparts, but how this difference affects the color stability of the former after... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
The structure of bulk-fill resin composites differs from that of their conventional counterparts, but how this difference affects the color stability of the former after staining and bleaching is unclear. Accordingly, this study was aimed at investigating color change in nine bulk-fill resin composites and one nanohybrid resin composite treated with hydrogen peroxide and carbamide peroxide after staining with tea, coffee, and red wine.
METHODS
Eighty specimens were prepared from each resins [Clearfil Majesty Posterior (CMP), SDR flow (SDR), FiltekBulk-Fill Flowable Restorative (FBF), Reveal HD Bulk (RHD), Beautifil-Bulk Restorative (BBR), Tetric EvoCeram® Bulk Fill (TEC), SonicFill™2 (SF2), everX Posterior™ (eXP), X-tra base (XB), and Venus® Bulk Fill (VBF)]. Following baseline color measurements, the specimens were randomly divided into 4 groups according to immersion solutions and distilled water as the control. At the end of a 30-day test period, color measurements were repeated, and color change values (∆E) were calculated. Each resin group was then divided into 2 subgroups (with 10 specimens per group) on the basis of bleaching agent (Opalescence Boost 40%, Opalescence PF 16%). Following bleaching application, ∆E and changes of whiteness (∆WI1 = WIbleaching-WIbaseline, ΔWI2 = WIbleaching-WIstaining) values were recorded. Two- and three-way analyses of variance and Tukey's post hoc test were performed, with a P < 0.05 regarded as indicative of significance.
RESULTS
After immersion in distilled water, tea, and red wine, the highest ΔE values were observed in eXP (P < 0.05). Resin materials immersed in coffee and tea exhibited statistically higher ∆E values than those immersed in red wine except for eXP, TEC, and FBF (P < 0.05). For eXP, the highest ∆E values were recorded in distilled water. For TEC and FBF, there was no statistically significant difference among the immersion solutions and distilled water (P > 0.05). For all the resins and staining beverages, no statistically significant difference in ∆WI1 and ∆WI2 values were detected between bleaching agents (P > 0.05). All the ΔWI1 values were above the whiteness perceptibility threshold.
CONCLUSION
The bulk-fill materials were more resistant to discoloration and bleaching procedures than the conventional resin composites. Coffee and tea caused more staining than distilled water and red wine generally. The type of bleaching procedure had no effect on the whiteness of the tested materials.
Topics: Coffee; Dental Materials; Humans; Materials Testing; Tea; Water
PubMed: 36088325
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02414-9 -
JDR Clinical and Translational Research Jan 2022A European Union amalgam phase-down has recently been implemented. Publicly funded health care predominates in the United Kingdom with the system favoring amalgam use....
INTRODUCTION
A European Union amalgam phase-down has recently been implemented. Publicly funded health care predominates in the United Kingdom with the system favoring amalgam use. The current use of amalgam and its alternatives has not been fully investigated in the United Kingdom.
OBJECTIVES
The study aimed to identify direct posterior restorative techniques, material use, and reported postoperative complication incidence experienced by primary care clinicians and differences between clinician groups.
METHODS
A cross-sectional survey was distributed to primary care clinicians through British dentist and therapist associations (11,092 invitations). The questionnaire sought information on current provision of direct posterior restorations and perceived issues with the different materials. Descriptive statistical and hypothesis testing was performed.
RESULTS
Dentists' response rate was 14% and therapists' estimated minimum response rate was 6% (total = 1,513). The most commonly used restorative material was amalgam in molar teeth and composite in premolars. When placing a direct posterior mesio-occluso-distal restoration, clinicians booked on average 45% more time and charged 45% more when placing composite compared to amalgam ( < 0.0001). The reported incidences of food packing and sensitivity following the placement of direct restorations were much higher with composite than amalgam ( < 0.0001). Widely recommended techniques, such as sectional metal matrix use for posterior composites, were associated with reduced food packing ( < 0.0001) but increased time booked ( = 0.002).
CONCLUSION
Amalgam use is currently high in the publicly funded sector of UK primary care. Composite is the most used alternative, but it takes longer to place and is more costly. Composite also has a higher reported incidence of postoperative complications than amalgam, but time-consuming techniques, such as sectional matrix use, can mitigate against food packing, but their use is low. Therefore, major changes in health service structure and funding and posterior composite education are required in the United Kingdom and other countries where amalgam use is prevalent, as the amalgam phase-down continues.
KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER STATEMENT
This study presents data on the current provision of amalgam for posterior tooth restoration and its directly placed alternatives by primary care clinicians in the United Kingdom, where publicly funded health care with copayment provision predominates. The information is important to manage and plan the UK phase-down and proposed phase-out of amalgam and will be of interest to other, primarily developing countries where amalgam provision predominates in understanding some of the challenges faced.
Topics: Composite Resins; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dental Amalgam; Dental Materials; Dental Restoration, Permanent
PubMed: 33300416
DOI: 10.1177/2380084420978653 -
Journal of Applied Oral Science :... 2023The demands for dental materials continue to grow, driven by the desire to reach a better performance than currently achieved by the available materials. In the dental... (Review)
Review
The demands for dental materials continue to grow, driven by the desire to reach a better performance than currently achieved by the available materials. In the dental restorative ceramic field, the structures evolved from the metal-ceramic systems to highly translucent multilayered zirconia, aiming not only for tailored mechanical properties but also for the aesthetics to mimic natural teeth. Ceramics are widely used in prosthetic dentistry due to their attractive clinical properties, including high strength, biocompatibility, chemical stability, and a good combination of optical properties. Metal-ceramics type has always been the golden standard of dental reconstruction. However, this system lacks aesthetic aspects. For this reason, efforts are made to develop materials that met both the mechanical features necessary for the safe performance of the restoration as well as the aesthetic aspects, aiming for a beautiful smile. In this field, glass and high-strength core ceramics have been highly investigated for applications in dental restoration due to their excellent combination of mechanical properties and translucency. However, since these are recent materials when compared with the metal-ceramic system, many studies are still required to guarantee the quality and longevity of these systems. Therefore, a background on available dental materials properties is a starting point to provoke a discussion on the development of potential alternatives to rehabilitate lost hard and soft tissue structures with ceramic-based tooth and implant-supported reconstructions. This review aims to bring the most recent materials research of the two major categories of ceramic restorations: ceramic-metal system and all-ceramic restorations. The practical aspects are herein presented regarding the evolution and development of materials, technologies applications, strength, color, and aesthetics. A trend was observed to use high-strength core ceramics type due to their ability to be manufactured by CAD/CAM technology. In addition, the impacts of COVID-19 on the market of dental restorative ceramics are presented.
Topics: Humans; Dental Materials; COVID-19; Ceramics; Computer-Aided Design; Dental Porcelain; Zirconium; Materials Testing; Surface Properties
PubMed: 36820784
DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2022-0421 -
PloS One 2020Implant-retained custom-milled framework enhances the stability of palatal obturator prostheses. Therefore, to evaluate the mechanical response of implant-retained...
Implant-retained custom-milled framework enhances the stability of palatal obturator prostheses. Therefore, to evaluate the mechanical response of implant-retained obturator prostheses with bar-clip attachment and milled bars, in three different materials under two load incidences were simulated. A maxilla model which Type IIb maxillary defect received five external hexagon implants (4.1 x 10 mm). An implant-supported palatal obturator prosthesis was simulated in three different materials: polyetheretherketone (PEEK), titanium (Ti:90%, Al:6%, V:4%) and Co-Cr (Co:60.6%, Cr:31.5%, Mo:6%) alloys. The model was imported into the analysis software and divided into a mesh composed of nodes and tetrahedral elements. Each material was assumed isotropic, elastic and homogeneous and all contacts were considered ideal. The bone was fixed and the load was applied in two different regions for each material: at the palatal face (cingulum area) of the central incisors (100 N magnitude at 45°); and at the occlusal surface of the first left molar (150 N magnitude normal to the surface). The microstrain and von-Mises stress were selected as criteria for analysis. The posterior load showed a higher strain concentration in the posterior peri-implant tissue, near the load application side for cortical and cancellous bone, regardless the simulated material. The anterior load showed a lower strain concentration with reduced magnitude and more implants involving in the load dissipation. The stress peak was calculated during posterior loading, which 77.7 MPa in the prosthetic screws and 2,686 με microstrain in the cortical bone. For bone tissue and bar, the material stiffness was inversely proportional to the calculated microstrain and stress. However, for the prosthetic screws and implants the PEEK showed higher stress concentration than the other materials. PEEK showed a promising behavior for the bone tissue and for the integrity of the bar and bar-clip attachments. However, the stress concentration in the prosthetic screws may represent an increase in failure risk. The use of Co-Cr alloy can reduce the stress in the prosthetic screw; however, it increases the bone strain; while the Titanium showed an intermediate behavior.
Topics: Benzophenones; Biomechanical Phenomena; Chromium Alloys; Dental Materials; Humans; Ketones; Materials Testing; Maxilla; Models, Anatomic; Palatal Obturators; Polyethylene Glycols; Polymers; Stress, Mechanical; Titanium
PubMed: 33125441
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241589