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Medical Engineering & Physics Feb 2021The aim of this study was to investigate gender-specific influences of different symmetric and asymmetric occlusion conditions on postural control during standing and...
The aim of this study was to investigate gender-specific influences of different symmetric and asymmetric occlusion conditions on postural control during standing and walking. The study involved 59 healthy adult volunteers (41 f/19 m) aged between 22 and 53 years (30.2 ± 6.3 years). Postural control measurements were carried out using a pressure plate by measuring plantar pressure distribution during standing and walking test conditions. Seven different occlusion conditions were tested. Prior to a MANOVA model analysis, the relationship between the two test conditions were checked using a factor analysis with a varying number of factors (between 2 and 10). The plantar pressure distributions during walking and standing are independent test conditions. The coefficient of variance across all variables between the conditions and genders was not significant: t(46) = 1.51 (p = 0.13). No statement can be made whether, or not, the influence of gender is greater than the influence of the conditions. Healthy male and female test subjects did not show any difference between seven occlusion conditions on the plantar pressure distribution while standing or walking. No differences between the genders were found for any of the investigated variables. In contrast to custom-made occlusion splints, simple cotton rolls appear not to influence the neuromuscular system in a systematic manner.
Topics: Adult; Dental Occlusion; Female; Foot; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Postural Balance; Pressure; Walking; Young Adult
PubMed: 33485513
DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2020.12.011 -
International Journal of Environmental... Mar 2023This study evaluated the occlusal relationships in students with bruxism, using the T-Scan III system, and their correlation with the activity of the masticatory muscles...
This study evaluated the occlusal relationships in students with bruxism, using the T-Scan III system, and their correlation with the activity of the masticatory muscles assessed through surface electromyography (sEMG). The study group was divided into two subgroups (based on self-reporting): 20 participants with possible bruxism and 20 participants without possible bruxism; all participants underwent the following evaluations: sEMG recordings using the dia-BRUXO device for masticatory muscles assessment, as well as static and dynamic occlusion using the T-SCAN III system. The analysis of the maximum intercuspidal (MI) position revealed a positive moderate association between the values of the occlusal forces in MI distributed along the two hemiarches, and the number of grinding events during daytime, which was statistically significant ( < 0.05). The analysis of protrusion movements reflected statistically significant differences between the non-working interferences and sEMG parameters specific to bruxism ( < 0.05). The analysis of laterotrusion movements indicated that participants with anterolateral guidance presented higher values of awake bruxism indexes and higher values of clenching events during nighttime. For all three mandibular movements, their duration was higher for the study group compared to the control group. Therefore, this study confirmed the utility of sEMG recordings in the bruxism diagnosis process, as well as the association between dental occlusion and bruxism.
Topics: Humans; Bruxism; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dental Occlusion; Romania; Students, Dental; Electromyography
PubMed: 36981784
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20064877 -
Maxillofacial Plastic and... Dec 2019The choice of surgical technique in orthognathic surgery is based primarily on the surgical treatment objectives (STO), which is a fundamental component of the... (Review)
Review
The choice of surgical technique in orthognathic surgery is based primarily on the surgical treatment objectives (STO), which is a fundamental component of the orthognathic treatment process. In the conventional orthodontics-first approach, presurgical planning can be performed twice, during the preorthodontic (initial STO) and presurgical phases (final STO). Recently, a surgery-first orthognathic approach (SFA) without presurgical orthodontic treatment has been introduced and combined initial and final STO at the same time. In contrast to the conventional surgical-orthodontic treatment protocol that includes preoperative orthodontics for dental decompensations to maximize stable postoperative occlusion, the SFA potentially shortens the treatment period and minimizes esthetic concerns during the decompensation period because skeletal problems are corrected from the beginning. The indications for the SFA have been proposed in the literature, but no consensus exists. Moreover, because dental occlusion of the pre-orthodontic arches cannot be used as a guide for establishing the surgical treatment plan, there are fundamental limitations in accurate prediction of postsurgical results in the SFA. Recently, the concepts of postsurgical orthodontic treatment are continuously changing and evolving to overcome this inherent limitation of the SFA. The elimination of presurgical orthodontics can change the paradigm of orthognathic surgery but still requires cautious case selection and thorough discussion and collaboration between orthodontists and surgeons regarding the goals and postoperative management of the orthognathic procedure.
PubMed: 31218215
DOI: 10.1186/s40902-019-0206-4 -
European Journal of Paediatric Dentistry Jun 2021AirwayCentric approach to prevention of dentofacial disorders. The correct development of functions is important for the prevention of dentofacial disorders from the...
AirwayCentric approach to prevention of dentofacial disorders. The correct development of functions is important for the prevention of dentofacial disorders from the first days of life. The first and foremost function, to which all others are adapting, is nasal breathing. The AirwayCentric® method focuses on nasal breathing during early development and throughout childhood to promote: Neurobehavioural development and the brain, development of the craniofacial and respiratory complex, correct dental occlusion, proper and restful sleep and to improve performance and life overall. By working at the same time on orofacial functions and structures, many dentofacial disorders can be prevented.
Topics: Child; Humans; Myofunctional Therapy
PubMed: 34238010
DOI: 10.23804/ejpd.2021.22.02.15 -
Dental Traumatology : Official... Aug 2020The effectiveness of mouthguards used in field hockey is unknown. The aim of this study was to compare the maximum impact heights between currently used mouthguards in...
BACKGROUND/AIM
The effectiveness of mouthguards used in field hockey is unknown. The aim of this study was to compare the maximum impact heights between currently used mouthguards in field hockey to prevent dental injury.
METHODS
Four boil-and-bite mouthguards (Dita, Shock Doctor, SISU, and Stag) and one custom-made mouthguard (Elysee) were tested for maximum impact height. A hockey ball was released in a tube from increasing heights onto plaster and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) dental models. Models were tested without mouthguard as a control. The experiment was repeated 10 times per mouthguard and for the control on each dental model. The maximum impact height for when the dental model broke was used to calculate the speed. The mouthguards and controls were compared.
RESULTS
The maximum impact heights (median [25%-75%] in meters) onto plaster dental models were as follows: control 0.23 (0.15-0.25), Dita 0.35 (0.30-0.35), Elysee 0.45 (0.34-0.50), Shock Doctor 0.68 (0.60-0.74), SISU 0.23 (0.20-0.26), and Stag 0.35 (0.35-0.46). The maximum impact height for Shock Doctor was significantly higher than all other mouthguards and the control (all P < .05). The maximum impact heights onto PMMA dental models were as follows: control 2.00 (1.30-2.50), Dita 3.80 (2.65-6.95), Elysee 3.30 (2.30-4.20), Shock Doctor 6.20 (2.80-8.10), SISU 2.60 (1.90-3.15), and Stag 3.90 (1.25-5.15). The maximum impact height for Shock Doctor was significantly higher than for SISU, Stag, and the control (all P < .05), but did not differ significantly from Dita (P = .43) and Elysee (P = .12).
CONCLUSION
Shock Doctor had the highest maximum impact height compared to the other mouthguards and appears to be the most effective mouthguard tested in this study.
Topics: Dental Occlusion; Equipment Design; Hockey; Mouth Protectors
PubMed: 31880846
DOI: 10.1111/edt.12538 -
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience 2022Occlusal disharmony has a negative impact on emotion. The mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus (Vme) neurons are the primary afferent nuclei that convey proprioceptive...
Occlusal disharmony has a negative impact on emotion. The mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus (Vme) neurons are the primary afferent nuclei that convey proprioceptive information from proprioceptors and low-threshold mechanoreceptors in the periodontal ligament and jaw muscles in the cranio-oro-facial regions. The dorsomedial part of the principal sensory trigeminal nucleus (Vpdm) and the ventral posteromedial nucleus (VPM) of thalamus have been proven to be crucial relay stations in ascending pathway of proprioception. The VPM sends numerous projections to primary somatosensory areas (SI), which modulate emotion processing. The present study aimed to demonstrate the ascending trigeminal-thalamic-cortex pathway which would mediate malocclusion-induced negative emotion. Unilateral anterior crossbite (UAC) model created by disturbing the dental occlusion was applied. Tract-tracing techniques were used to identify the existence of Vme-Vpdm-VPM pathway and Vpdm-VPM-SI pathway. Chemogenetic and optogenetic methods were taken to modulate the activation of Vpdm neurons and the Vpdm-VPM pathway. Morphological evidence indicated the involvement of the Vme-Vpdm-VPM pathway, Vpdm-VPM-SI pathway and Vpdm-VPM pathway in orofacial proprioception in wild-type mice and vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (): tdTomato mice, respectively. Furthermore, chemogenetic inhibition of Vpdm neurons and the Vpdm-VPM pathway alleviated anxiety-like behaviors in a unilateral anterior crossbite (UAC) model, whereas chemogenetic activation induced anxiety-like behaviors in controls and did not aggravate these behaviors in UAC mice. Finally, optogenetic inhibition of the Vpdm-VPM pathway in VGLUT1-IRES-Cre mice reversed UAC-induced anxiety comorbidity. In conclusion, these results suggest that the Vpdm-VPM neural pathway participates in the modulation of malocclusion-induced anxiety comorbidity. These findings provide new insights into the links between occlusion and emotion and deepen our understanding of the impact of occlusal disharmony on brain dysfunction.
PubMed: 36605612
DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.995345 -
Medical Principles and Practice :... 2023Satisfactory masticatory function is a significant indicator of improved oral health-related quality of life in older adults, either with or without artificial teeth....
OBJECTIVES
Satisfactory masticatory function is a significant indicator of improved oral health-related quality of life in older adults, either with or without artificial teeth. The purpose of this study was to examine masticatory performance of older adults with different prosthodontic reconstructions and occlusion, as well as to compare subjective and objective assessment of chewing performance.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
This study included 100 participants aged 65 and more. The chewing function questionnaire (CFQ) with answers on the Likert scale 0-4 (0 = no difficulties; 4 = maximum difficulties) was used as an indicator of subjective masticatory assessment. The two-color chewing gum test was used as objective assessment of masticatory function (mixing ability), based on the Z-score values. Dental occlusion was assessed using functional teeth units (FTU).
RESULTS
The results obtained using the CFQ and the clinical mixing ability test are in compliance with each other (r = 0.742). A decrease in the number of natural teeth, especially posterior teeth, progressively reduced chewing ability and increased difficulties in mastication. Participants with less FTUs, or with FTUs that are a part of removable denture, had greater reduction in masticatory function compared to those with FTUs composed of natural teeth or fixed partial dentures.
CONCLUSION
This study revealed a strong positive correlation between the subjective masticatory assessment in older adults using the validated questionnaire and the objective clinical test of the mixing ability of two chewing gums. Our data on influence of the number and the type of FTU on masticatory performance will be valuable when planning prosthodontic therapy.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Quality of Life; Dental Occlusion; Tooth; Chewing Gum; Surveys and Questionnaires; Mastication
PubMed: 36682349
DOI: 10.1159/000529240 -
International Journal of Molecular... Jan 2021The objective of this review was to analyze the process of wear of implants leading to the shedding of titanium particles into the peri-implant hard and soft tissues.... (Review)
Review
The objective of this review was to analyze the process of wear of implants leading to the shedding of titanium particles into the peri-implant hard and soft tissues. Titanium is considered highly biocompatible with low corrosion and toxicity, but recent studies indicate that this understanding may be misleading as the properties of the material change drastically when titanium nanoparticles (NPs) are shed from implant surfaces. These NPs are immunogenic and are associated with a macrophage-mediated inflammatory response by the host. The literature discussed in this review indicates that titanium NPs may be shed from implant surfaces at the time of implant placement, under loading conditions, and during implant maintenance procedures. We also discuss the significance of the micro-gap at the implant-abutment interface and the effect of size of the titanium particles on their toxicology. These findings are significant as the titanium particles can have adverse effects on local soft and hard tissues surrounding implants, implant health and prognosis, and even the health of systemic tissues and organs.
Topics: Bite Force; Dental Implantation; Dental Implants; Humans; Metal Nanoparticles; Time Factors; Titanium; Tooth Wear; Tooth, Artificial
PubMed: 33494539
DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031067 -
The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry Jul 2021The application of a virtual dental patient with dynamic occlusion during esthetic restoration in a digital workflow is described. An intraoral scanner, a facial...
The application of a virtual dental patient with dynamic occlusion during esthetic restoration in a digital workflow is described. An intraoral scanner, a facial scanner, a jaw motion analyzer, and cone beam computed tomography were used to transfer patient data and construct the virtual dental patient. With the aid of the virtual dental patient, predictability and accuracy can increase throughout treatment, simplifying the clinical evaluation and prosthesis adjustment with improved esthetic outcomes.
Topics: Computer-Aided Design; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; Esthetics, Dental; Humans; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Workflow
PubMed: 33323177
DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2020.08.026 -
Cureus Nov 2023Mandibular advancement devices (MADs) remain a popular non-invasive treatment modality for the management of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, the occlusal side... (Review)
Review
Mandibular advancement devices (MADs) remain a popular non-invasive treatment modality for the management of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, the occlusal side effects from long-term therapy may result in poor patient compliance and patient drop-outs. Hence, knowledge of the possible side effects of these devices on occlusion is necessary. This article attempts to systematically review the evidence available in support of the possible long-term effects of mandibular advancement therapy on occlusion in adult sleep apnea patients. A detailed search was conducted for unpublished and published literature and their references in various electronic databases. A grey literature search was also performed. Studies until June 30, 2022, were selected. Randomized controlled trials, non-randomized trials, and cohort studies investigating the occlusal side effects of MADs for the treatment of snoring or OSA with a follow-up of at least four years were included. Study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment were performed individually and in duplicate. The risk of bias was assessed by Cochrane tools for randomized and non-randomized studies. Fourteen studies were selected for the final qualitative analysis. The side effects reported were upper incisor retroclination, lower incisor proclination, decreased overjet and overbite, and change in the total occlusal contact area. The review concludes that long-term MAD therapy has statistically and clinically significant effects on occlusion.
PubMed: 38090465
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.48682