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Nature Communications Jan 2024Artificial intelligence (AI) systems have been shown to help dermatologists diagnose melanoma more accurately, however they lack transparency, hindering user acceptance....
Artificial intelligence (AI) systems have been shown to help dermatologists diagnose melanoma more accurately, however they lack transparency, hindering user acceptance. Explainable AI (XAI) methods can help to increase transparency, yet often lack precise, domain-specific explanations. Moreover, the impact of XAI methods on dermatologists' decisions has not yet been evaluated. Building upon previous research, we introduce an XAI system that provides precise and domain-specific explanations alongside its differential diagnoses of melanomas and nevi. Through a three-phase study, we assess its impact on dermatologists' diagnostic accuracy, diagnostic confidence, and trust in the XAI-support. Our results show strong alignment between XAI and dermatologist explanations. We also show that dermatologists' confidence in their diagnoses, and their trust in the support system significantly increase with XAI compared to conventional AI. This study highlights dermatologists' willingness to adopt such XAI systems, promoting future use in the clinic.
Topics: Humans; Trust; Artificial Intelligence; Dermatologists; Melanoma; Diagnosis, Differential
PubMed: 38225244
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43095-4 -
Indian Journal of Dermatology,... May 2023Nail cosmetics industry is growing at an enormous rate globally due to a surge in nail care all around the world. Various nail cosmetics are available, such as nail... (Review)
Review
Nail cosmetics industry is growing at an enormous rate globally due to a surge in nail care all around the world. Various nail cosmetics are available, such as nail polish along with its variants like shellacs, finishes, artificial nails, adornments, and nail polish removers. Nail cosmetics serve aesthetic as well as therapeutic purposes, with the end result being smooth, attractive nails. Nail grooming procedures have evolved from a basic manicure to many other advanced procedures like gel nails, nail tattooing, etc. Although a majority of nail cosmetics are considered safe, they may have potential complications, including allergic and irritant reactions, infections, and mechanical effects. The majority of the procedures related to nail enhancement are not performed by dermatologists but by beauticians with inadequate or no knowledge of the nail's anatomy and functions. The hygiene at the so-called nail-salons/beauty parlours is not standardized, leading to acute complications like paronychia and nail dystrophy following matrix injury. The use of nail cosmetics has become widespread, making it essential for dermatologists to be aware of the nail care products, aesthetic procedures pertaining to nails, and related adverse effects.
PubMed: 37317711
DOI: 10.25259/IJDVL_77_2023 -
Italian Journal of Dermatology and... Feb 2023Monkeypox (MPX) is a human zoonotic disease due to Monkeypox virus. Morbidity and mortality are lower than in other Orthopox virus diseases, in particular smallpox. MPX...
Monkeypox (MPX) is a human zoonotic disease due to Monkeypox virus. Morbidity and mortality are lower than in other Orthopox virus diseases, in particular smallpox. MPX is an endemic disease of Western and Central Africa. However, a multi-country outbreak is currently taking place in many non-endemic countries. The clinical and epidemiological characteristics of this epidemic appear peculiar, with significant differences compared to those of the endemic areas. In particular, it predominantly affects males having sex with males, and the route of sexual transmission appears to be particularly frequent. This has led to considerable media interest and concern among the population. Dermatologists are likely to be consulted frequently during the outbreak, especially for the differential diagnosis. Indeed, although MPX can affect various organs, the skin is constantly involved. Since the skin rash have different stages of development, MPX should be differentiate from several, common skin diseases, also because the systemic symptoms can be variable and of different severity. Therefore, dermatologists must be aware of the clinical characteristics of the disease and its management.
Topics: Humans; Male; Mpox (monkeypox); Dermatologists; Monkeypox virus; Skin; Awareness
PubMed: 36939499
DOI: 10.23736/S2784-8671.23.07448-0 -
The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic... Apr 2024
PubMed: 38638187
DOI: No ID Found -
Psoriasis (Auckland, N.Z.) 2022To review the literature on guidance on the follow-up of psoriasis and its comorbidities and to provide practical recommendations. (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
To review the literature on guidance on the follow-up of psoriasis and its comorbidities and to provide practical recommendations.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
A PubMed search was conducted using MeSH terms and free text keywords related to "psoriasis", "obesity", "hypertension", "diabetes", "dyslipidemia", "metabolic syndrome" and "Psoriatic arthritis". The search was conducted between September 2021 and January 2022. References of selected articles were scanned to identify additional articles.
RESULTS
Recommendations on the follow-up of hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, psoriatic arthritis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and inflammatory bowel disease in psoriasis patients were extracted from the included articles. These data are presented in summary tables for both adults and children. A practical and feasible approach for each comorbidity is discussed.
CONCLUSION
Awareness among dermatologists for relevant psoriasis-associated comorbidities is crucial. The dermatologist should function as gatekeeper and screen for comorbidities, in order to make timely referrals when indicated.
PubMed: 35651599
DOI: 10.2147/PTT.S293107 -
Clinical Rheumatology May 2022Telemedicine encompasses a variety of modalities that allow for the remote assessment and treatment of patients. The technologies, services, and tools available for... (Review)
Review
Telemedicine encompasses a variety of modalities that allow for the remote assessment and treatment of patients. The technologies, services, and tools available for telemedicine in the USA are increasingly becoming an integral part of the healthcare system to bridge the gaps in care that can arise from geographic and/or socioeconomic obstacles and provider shortages. Telemedicine can be applied to a spectrum of clinical areas, including rheumatic diseases. Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic, inflammatory, multisystem disease with predominately skin and joint manifestations. PsA is often misdiagnosed and/or undiagnosed, which can lead to worse patient outcomes, including irreversible joint erosion and damage. The difficulties in diagnosing and managing PsA are confounded by the emergence and increased use of telemedicine because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Telemedicine presents the opportunity to increase access to healthcare by rheumatologists and dermatologists to improve training and education regarding PsA and to decrease time attributed to office visits associated with PsA. However, challenges in diagnosing PsA without a thorough in-person physical examination by a trained rheumatologist or dermatologist exist. We provide an overview of the ways telemedicine can be incorporated into clinical care and optimized for patients with PsA; characteristic clinical features of PsA, with a focus on skin and joint signs and symptoms; screening tools to be used in routine clinical care; assessments that can be used to evaluate quality of life, functional ability, and disease activity in PsA; and resources and recommendations for the development of future telemedicine use in rheumatology and dermatology. Key Points • Patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) are often misdiagnosed and/or undiagnosed. • Telemedicine can improve access to healthcare by rheumatologists and dermatologists. • Telemedicine can be incorporated into clinical care and optimized for managing PsA.
Topics: Arthritis, Psoriatic; COVID-19; Dermatologists; Dermatology; Humans; Pandemics; Psoriasis; Quality of Life; Rheumatologists; Rheumatology; Telemedicine
PubMed: 35083564
DOI: 10.1007/s10067-022-06077-3 -
Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia 2022Previous studies has shown that dry eye test abnormalities, meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), may occur in psoriasis.
BACKGROUND
Previous studies has shown that dry eye test abnormalities, meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), may occur in psoriasis.
OBJECTIVES
The authors aimed to evaluate the dry eye disease (DED), MGD, in psoriasis patients with meibography which is a current, objective, noninvasive method for patients with meibomian gland diseases, to investigate the relationship between disease severity and ocular involvement.
METHODS
This study included 50 participants with psoriasis and 50 healthy individuals. All subjects were examined by the same dermatologist and referred for ophthalmological examination including meibomian gland obstruction, lid margin alterations assessment, ocular surface disease index assessment, tear film break-up time test, Schirmer test, corneal conjunctival fluorescein staining assessment. Additionally, upper and lower lids were evaluated for meibomian gland loss with meibography.
RESULTS
MGD (28%), meibomian gland loss (MGL) (29.5%), upper meiboscore (0.61 ± 0.81), lower meiboscore (0.46 ± 0.61), DED (22%) were significantly higher in the psoriasis group compared with the control group (p = 0.008, p < 0.001, p = 0.027, p = 0.041, p = 0.044, respectively). There was a significant relationship between MGD and psoriasis area severity index (PASI) (p = 0.015, Odds Ratio = 1.211). There was a significant positive relationship between MGL with PASI (p < 0.001, r = 608) and psoriasis duration (p < 0.001, r = 0.547).
STUDY LIMITATIONS
Smaller study group and inability to detect quality changes of meibum with meibography were limitations of the study.
CONCLUSIONS
Psoriasis may affect the meibomian gland morphology, may cause structural changes in meibomian glands, and as a result of these may cause MGD and DED. Therefore, ophthalmologists and dermatologists should be aware of this situation and co-evaluate the patients in this respect.
Topics: Dry Eye Syndromes; Eyelid Diseases; Humans; Meibomian Glands; Psoriasis; Tears
PubMed: 34785066
DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2021.05.008 -
Journal of the American Academy of... Dec 2022Because of a convergence of the availability of large data sets, graphics-specific computer hardware, and important theoretical advancements, artificial intelligence has... (Review)
Review
Because of a convergence of the availability of large data sets, graphics-specific computer hardware, and important theoretical advancements, artificial intelligence has recently contributed to dramatic progress in medicine. One type of artificial intelligence known as deep learning has been particularly impactful for medical image analysis. Deep learning applications have shown promising results in dermatology and other specialties, including radiology, cardiology, and ophthalmology. The modern clinician will benefit from an understanding of the basic features of deep learning to effectively use new applications and to better gauge their utility and limitations. In this second article of a 2-part series, we review the existing and emerging clinical applications of deep learning in dermatology and discuss future opportunities and limitations. Part 1 of this series offered an introduction to the basic concepts of deep learning to facilitate effective communication between clinicians and technical experts.
Topics: Humans; Artificial Intelligence; Deep Learning; Dermatologists; Radiology; Radiography
PubMed: 32428608
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.05.053 -
Dermatology and Therapy Apr 2021This article has been co-authored by a patient with atopic dermatitis (AD) and her consulting dermatologist who is based at the University Hospital in Angers, France....
This article has been co-authored by a patient with atopic dermatitis (AD) and her consulting dermatologist who is based at the University Hospital in Angers, France. Here they discuss the patient's experiences and difficulties with AD, as well as strategies that can help a patient in this situation. The patient describes the history of her illness and the difficulties encountered, particularly in terms of quality of life. She describes the various treatments she has received, mainly based on topical corticosteroids, and tells of her satisfaction at being treated today at the University Hospital. The healthcare team there is supportive and reassuring and she is receiving a systemic medication that has successfully reduced and controlled her AD symptoms. The physician describes the main characteristics of AD, and then reviews this case of chronic eczema with topographical localisations on the hands, head and neck and diffuse flares. Rapid resolution of the flares on the patient's hands and face, which were having a strong impact on mood, was achieved by treatment with systemic ciclosporin and topical corticosteroids. In 6 months, treatment with dupilumab will be planned to avoid ciclosporin-induced adverse effects on kidney function. The pivotal roles of therapeutic education as an adjunct to conventional therapy, a good patient-physician relationship with consideration of the patient's personal preferences, and treatment objectives are highlighted in this perspective piece.
PubMed: 33591542
DOI: 10.1007/s13555-021-00497-w -
Dermatologic Therapy Sep 2021As COVID-19 vaccination has started worldwide to control this pandemic, dermatologists may face various challenges with these new vaccines. In this manuscript, we review... (Review)
Review
As COVID-19 vaccination has started worldwide to control this pandemic, dermatologists may face various challenges with these new vaccines. In this manuscript, we review different types of available COVID-19 vaccines and their various production platforms. Vaccination considerations in patients with skin diseases, especially those using immunomodulatory drugs will be presented. Finally, adverse cutaneous reactions of COVID-19 vaccines will be reviewed.
Topics: COVID-19; COVID-19 Vaccines; Dermatologists; Humans; SARS-CoV-2; Vaccines
PubMed: 34232548
DOI: 10.1111/dth.15056