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Indian Journal of Ophthalmology Jun 2022The purpose of this study was to characterize intradiploic dermoid and epidermoid orbital cysts to determine any differences in clinical, radiographic, or surgical... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to characterize intradiploic dermoid and epidermoid orbital cysts to determine any differences in clinical, radiographic, or surgical features.
METHODS
A retrospective review was performed of patients presenting with intradiplopic dermoid or epidermoid cysts. Additionally, a complete review of the literature was performed to identify cases of intradiplopic orbital dermoid and epidermoid cysts. Data collected included age, sex, presenting symptoms, location of intradiplopic cyst, ophthalmic findings, treatment, and follow-up. Clinical features of dermoid versus epidermoid cyst were compared. Additionally, machine-learning algorithms were developed to predict histopathology based on clinical features.
RESULTS
There were 55 cases of orbital intradiploic cysts, 49 from literature review and six from our cohort. Approximately 31% had dermoid and 69% had epidermoid histopathology. Average age of patients with dermoid cysts was significantly lesser than that of patients with epidermoid cysts (23 vs. 35 years, respectively; P = 0.048). There was no difference between sex predilection, presenting symptoms, radiographic findings, or surgical treatment of dermoids and epidermoids. The majority of patients (64%) underwent craniotomy for surgical removal. Machine-learning algorithms KStar and Neural Network were able to distinguish dermoid from epidermoid with accuracies of 76.3% and 69%, respectively.
CONCLUSION
Orbital intradiploic cysts are more commonly epidermoid in origin. Dermoid cysts presented in younger patients; however, there were no other significant differences in features including ophthalmic or radiographic findings. Despite similar features, machine learning was able to identify dermoid versus epidermoid with good accuracy. Future studies may examine the role of machine learning for clinical guidance as well as new surgical options for intervention.
Topics: Dermoid Cyst; Epidermal Cyst; Humans; Machine Learning; Orbital Diseases; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 35647991
DOI: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_52_22 -
The Pan African Medical Journal 2021
Topics: Dermoid Cyst; Humans
PubMed: 34909087
DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2021.40.99.31816 -
Ginekologia Polska Jan 2022Ovarian torsion is defined as partial or complete rotation of the ovarian vascular pedicle and causes obstruction to venous outflow and arterial inflow. Teenage patient...
Ovarian torsion is defined as partial or complete rotation of the ovarian vascular pedicle and causes obstruction to venous outflow and arterial inflow. Teenage patient was referred to the gynecology ward with pain located in the lower, right abdomen, after an initial misdiagnosis of a dermoid cyst. The patient was diagnosed with a torsion of the right ovarian peduncle. The patient was given diastolic drugs and was discharged in good general condition two days later after the symptoms had resolved. Final USG showed normally vasculated corpus luteum. Among the various treatment options, the wait-and-watch attitude turned out to be the best solution. It is particularly important in the case of young patients, who are planning pregnancy in the future.
PubMed: 35072260
DOI: 10.5603/GP.a2021.0213 -
Journal of Neurosurgery. Case Lessons Apr 2023Dermoid cyst is a rare benign tumor exhibiting a typical radiological pattern and most commonly located along the midline. Laboratory examination was always normal....
BACKGROUND
Dermoid cyst is a rare benign tumor exhibiting a typical radiological pattern and most commonly located along the midline. Laboratory examination was always normal. However, the features of some rare cases are atypical that can be easily misdiagnosed as other tumors.
OBSERVATIONS
A 58-year-old patient presented with tinnitus, dizziness, blurred vision, and gait unsteadiness. Laboratory examination showed the serum levels of carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) were significantly increased (186 U/mL). A computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a predominant hypodense lesion in the left frontotemporal region with a hyperdense mural nodule. The lesion appeared as an intracranial extradural mass with a mural nodule on the sagittal image, displaying mixed signal on T1- and T2-weighted imaging. A left frontotemporal craniotomy was performed for cyst resection. Histological results confirmed a diagnosis of dermoid cyst. No tumor recurrences were observed at the 9-month follow-up.
LESSONS
Extradural dermoid cyst with a mural nodule is extremely rare. When a hypodense lesion on CT shows mixed signal on T1- and T2-weighted imaging with a mural nodule, even if it is located in the extradural areas, it is important to consider a dermoid cyst. Serum CA19-9 combined with atypical imaging features may contribute to the diagnosis of dermoid cysts. Only recognition of atypical radiological features can avoid misdiagnosis.
PubMed: 37014004
DOI: 10.3171/CASE22547 -
Cureus Jan 2022A dermoid cyst (DC) is a rare, benign congenital skin lesion that can occur anywhere on the skin and take any shape. DC is clinically diagnosed through imaging and...
A dermoid cyst (DC) is a rare, benign congenital skin lesion that can occur anywhere on the skin and take any shape. DC is clinically diagnosed through imaging and biopsy. The usual treatment of choice for DC is surgical excision to prevent any local complications, such as inflammation, infection, and bone resorption. The type of surgery depends on the size, location, and extension of the cyst. When the cyst presents in certain areas, such as the nose, face, and scalp, surgery can be difficult owing to the possibility of an intracranial connection. Therefore, imaging is usually performed before intervening surgically. Here, we present the case of a two-year-old boy with no medical or surgical history who presented to our dermatology clinic with a slow-growing mass on his nose. During the consultation, the mass was examined, a complete medical history was obtained, and the patient was advised to undergo imaging, which revealed that the mass was a DC. Nevertheless, no deep connection was observed on imaging, and the mass was surgically removed without any complications.
PubMed: 35251799
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.21725 -
Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) Jan 2022A thyroglossal duct cyst (TGDC) is one of the most commonly encountered congenital anomalies of the neck. However, it is difficult to diagnose as differentiating it from... (Review)
Review
A thyroglossal duct cyst (TGDC) is one of the most commonly encountered congenital anomalies of the neck. However, it is difficult to diagnose as differentiating it from other cysts like brachial cysts, lymphangiomas, epidermoid cysts, dermoid cysts, and hydatid cysts, is challenging. In this paper, we systematically reviewed the literature of 47 patients-25 males (53.1%) and 21 females (44.7%)-about their TGDC to assess the clinical picture, therapy, and prognosis of the disease. Most of the patients were children under the age of ten (63.8%). All patients had a history of a painless swelling in the anterior midline of the neck that moved in response to deglutition and tongue protrusion, thus interfering with their daily activity. Post-resection recurrence was unusual, with only 3 of 47 patients (6.4%) experiencing recurrence.
PubMed: 35225860
DOI: 10.3390/diseases10010007 -
CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association... Mar 2021
Topics: Abdominal Pain; Dermoid Cyst; Female; Humans; Narration; Ontario; Physician-Patient Relations; Quarantine; Young Adult
PubMed: 33722834
DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.210381 -
Einstein (Sao Paulo, Brazil) 2021
Topics: Brain Neoplasms; Dermoid Cyst; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging
PubMed: 34932774
DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2021AI6347 -
Maedica Sep 2021Bone formation in the ovary is exceedingly rare, except in the setting of dermoid cysts. Here, the author reports a case of incidental finding of heterotopic bone...
Bone formation in the ovary is exceedingly rare, except in the setting of dermoid cysts. Here, the author reports a case of incidental finding of heterotopic bone formation in a mucinous cystadenoma of the ovary in a 45-year-old woman who had underwent a total abdominal hysterectomy and right salpingo-oopherectomy because of hypermenorrhea during last one year with an ultrasonography report of right ovarian cyst and simultaneous multiple uterine leiomyomatas. Microscopic examination of the ovarian cyst revealed a mucinous cystadenoma with the striking finding of several thin plates of lamellar bone identified in fibrous tissue in the cyst wall. Although it is a benign finding and does not seem to have prognostic significance, it may lead to sonographic findings of concern during the evaluation of ovarian cysts.
PubMed: 34925616
DOI: 10.26574/maedica.2020.16.3.538 -
Annals of Medicine and Surgery (2012) Jul 2022Intraorbital epidermoid and dermoid cyst (DC) has been reported in the literature rarely. The current study evaluates clinicopathologic, radiologic, and management of...
PURPOSE
Intraorbital epidermoid and dermoid cyst (DC) has been reported in the literature rarely. The current study evaluates clinicopathologic, radiologic, and management of intraorbital DC cases over ten years.
METHODS
In this cross-sectional study, the medical records of patients with intraorbital DC treated at the academic referral center for ocular surgery were retrospectively reviewed. Data reviewed included the patient's demographic characteristics, clinical features, imaging, surgical technique, and pathology report.
RESULTS
Nine patients with a rare presentation of intraorbital DC were reviewed within the study period in five presentations (five intraosseous, one intraconal, one dumbbell-shaped with a large part in anterior orbit, one juxta levator palpebral muscle, and one recurrent case with intracranial extension). They ranged from 8 to 53 years of age, with a median of 29 years, and five (55.6%) were female. Histopathological evaluation revealed two cysts were epidermoid.
CONCLUSION
The current study provides more clinical and radiologic manifestations of rare presentations of DC that highlight the importance of high clinical suspicion in the approach to atypical DC.
PubMed: 35860165
DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.103997