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Clinical Infectious Diseases : An... Oct 2021
Topics: Brain; Diagnostic Tests, Routine; HIV; HIV Infections; Humans
PubMed: 34037724
DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab490 -
International Journal of Infectious... Sep 2020Diagnosis is a challenging issue for eliminating malaria. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) could be an alternative to conventional methods. This study aimed... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Meta-Analysis
Systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) methods compared with microscopy, polymerase chain reaction and rapid diagnostic tests for malaria diagnosis.
BACKGROUND
Diagnosis is a challenging issue for eliminating malaria. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) could be an alternative to conventional methods. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of LAMP for malaria compared with microscopy, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs).
METHODS AND DESIGN
MEDLINE, Web of Science and Scopus were searched from inception to 1 July 2019. Prospective and retrospective, randomised and non-randomised, mono-center and multi-center studies, including symptomatic or asymptomatic patients, that reported one LAMP method and one comparator (microscopy, RDT or PCR) were included. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42017075186.
RESULTS
Sixty-six studies published between 2006 and 2019 were included, leading to the analysis of 30,641 LAMP tests. The pooled sensitivity of LAMP remained between 96% and 98%, whichever the comparator. The pooled specificity of LAMP was around 95%, but was a little higher if the best PCR studies were considered. The AUC was found to be >0.98, whichever the subgroup of studies was considered. Diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) was found to be around 1000 for all subgroups, except for Plasmodium vivax.
CONCLUSION
This meta-analysis confirmed that the LAMP method is robust for diagnosing malaria, both in symptomatic and asymptomatic people. Thus, the impact of LAMP for controlling malaria is expected to be important.
Topics: Diagnostic Tests, Routine; Humans; Malaria; Microscopy; Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques; Plasmodium; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Prospective Studies; Retrospective Studies; Sensitivity and Specificity
PubMed: 32659450
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.07.009 -
Clinical Microbiology and Infection :... May 2022
Topics: Diagnostic Tests, Routine; Humans; Research Design; Systematic Reviews as Topic
PubMed: 35176474
DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2022.02.006 -
Statistical Methods in Medical Research Jul 2023Receiver operating characteristic analysis is one of the most popular approaches for evaluating and comparing the accuracy of medical diagnostic tests. Although various...
Receiver operating characteristic analysis is one of the most popular approaches for evaluating and comparing the accuracy of medical diagnostic tests. Although various methodologies have been developed for estimating receiver operating characteristic curves and their associated summary indices, there is no consensus on a single framework that can provide consistent statistical inference while handling the complexities associated with medical data. Such complexities might include non-normal data, covariates that influence the diagnostic potential of a test, ordinal biomarkers or censored data due to instrument detection limits. We propose a regression model for the transformed test results which exploits the invariance of receiver operating characteristic curves to monotonic transformations and accommodates these features. Simulation studies show that the estimates based on transformation models are unbiased and yield coverage at nominal levels. The methodology is applied to a cross-sectional study of metabolic syndrome where we investigate the covariate-specific performance of weight-to-height ratio as a non-invasive diagnostic test. Software implementations for all the methods described in the article are provided in the tram add-on package to the R system for statistical computing and graphics.
Topics: Cross-Sectional Studies; Computer Simulation; Software; ROC Curve; Diagnostic Tests, Routine
PubMed: 37278185
DOI: 10.1177/09622802231176030 -
Emergency Medicine Journal : EMJ Aug 2019Multiple pitfalls can occur with the conduct and analysis of a study of diagnostic tests, resulting in biased accuracy. Our conceptual model includes three stages:...
Multiple pitfalls can occur with the conduct and analysis of a study of diagnostic tests, resulting in biased accuracy. Our conceptual model includes three stages: patient selection, interpretation of the index test and disease verification. In part 2, we focus on (1) Interpretation bias (or workup bias): where the classification of an indeterminate index test result can bias the accuracy of a test or how lack of blinding can bias a subjective test result, and (2) Disease verification bias: where the index test result is incorporated into the gold standard or when the gold standard is applied only to a select population as the gold standard is an invasive test. In an example with age-adjusted D-dimer for pulmonary embolism, differential verification bias was a limitation due to the use of two gold standards-CT for a high-risk population and follow-up for symptoms in a low-risk population. However, there are circumstances when certain choices in study design are unavoidable, and result in biased test characteristics. In this case, the informed reader will better judge the quality of a study by recognising the potential biases and limitations by being methodical in their approach to understanding the methods, and in turn, better apply studies of diagnostic tests into their clinical practice.
Topics: Diagnostic Tests, Routine; Humans; Observer Variation; Research Design; Sensitivity and Specificity
PubMed: 31221671
DOI: 10.1136/emermed-2019-208447 -
Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy 2024Physical therapists use diagnostic tests in a variety of settings. Choosing the best diagnostic test to apply in a particular situation can be difficult. The choice of... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Physical therapists use diagnostic tests in a variety of settings. Choosing the best diagnostic test to apply in a particular situation can be difficult. The choice of diagnostic test should be informed, at least in part, by evidence of test accuracy. Finding evidence of diagnostic test accuracy has, until recently, been challenging. Ideally, there would exist a database that comprehensively indexes evidence on diagnostic tests relevant to physical therapy practice, is free to access, and is easy to use.
OBJECTIVE
This Masterclass will describe the DiTA (Diagnostic Test Accuracy) database (dita.org.au) including its development and search interface, and provide advice on how to search and retrieve records.
DISCUSSION
DiTA indexes more than 2400 primary studies and systematic reviews of diagnostic test accuracy relevant to physical therapy practice. Users can search DiTA using text fields and dropdown lists to find evidence of diagnostic test accuracy. The database is freely accessible on the internet. Since its launch, DiTA has been accessed from almost every country in the world, the largest number of searches having been conducted from Brazil.
Topics: Humans; Physical Therapy Modalities; Diagnostic Tests, Routine; Brazil
PubMed: 38848626
DOI: 10.1016/j.bjpt.2024.101082 -
Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine Dec 2021
Topics: Brain Diseases; Diagnostic Imaging; Diagnostic Tests, Routine; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Metronidazole
PubMed: 34857597
DOI: 10.3949/ccjm.88a.21007 -
Eye (London, England) Mar 2021
Topics: Diagnostic Tests, Routine; Eye; Face; Humans
PubMed: 32433589
DOI: 10.1038/s41433-020-0978-x -
Revue Scientifique Et Technique... Jun 2021
Topics: Animal Diseases; Animals; Diagnostic Tests, Routine; Global Health
PubMed: 34140742
DOI: 10.20506/rst.40.1.3206 -
Journal of Physiotherapy Jan 2021
Topics: Diagnostic Tests, Routine; Humans; Research Design; Sensitivity and Specificity
PubMed: 33353831
DOI: 10.1016/j.jphys.2020.12.004