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International Journal of Molecular... Jul 2023Treatment of highly malignant soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) requires multicomponent therapy including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Despite the advancements in...
Treatment of highly malignant soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) requires multicomponent therapy including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Despite the advancements in targeted cancer therapies, cytostatic drug combinations remain the gold standard for STS chemotherapy. The lack of algorithms for personalized selection of STS chemotherapy leads to unhelpful treatment of chemoresistant tumors, causing severe side effects in patients. The goal of our study is to assess the applicability of in vitro chemosensitivity/resistance assays (CSRAs) in predicting STS chemoresistance. Primary cell cultures were obtained from 148 surgery samples using enzymatic and mechanical disaggregation. CSRA was performed using resazurin-based metabolic activity measurement in cells cultured with doxorubicin, ifosfamide, their combination and docetaxel, gemcitabine, and also their combination for 7 days. Both the clinical data of patients and the CSRA results demonstrated a higher resistance of some cancer histotypes to specific drugs and their combinations. The correlation between the CSRA results for doxorubicin and ifosfamide and clinical responses to the combination chemotherapy with these drugs was demonstrated via Spearman rank order correlation. Statistically significant differences in recurrence-free survival were also shown for the groups of patients formed, according to the CSRA results. Thus, CSRAs may help both practicing physicians to avoid harmful and useless treatment, and researchers to study new resistance markers and to develop new STS drugs.
Topics: Humans; Ifosfamide; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Sarcoma; Soft Tissue Neoplasms; Doxorubicin
PubMed: 37569668
DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512292 -
International Journal of Molecular... Dec 2022Bone is a frequent site of tumor metastasis. The bone-tumor microenvironment is heterogeneous and complex in nature. Such complexity is compounded by relations between...
Bone is a frequent site of tumor metastasis. The bone-tumor microenvironment is heterogeneous and complex in nature. Such complexity is compounded by relations between metastatic and bone cells influencing their sensitivity/resistance to chemotherapeutics. Standard chemotherapeutics may not show efficacy for every patient, and new therapeutics are slow to emerge, owing to the limitations of existing 2D/3D models. We previously developed a 3D interface model for personalized therapeutic screening, consisting of an electrospun poly lactic acid mesh activated with plasma species and seeded with stromal cells. Tumor cells embedded in an alginate-gelatin hydrogel are overlaid to create a physiologic 3D interface. Here, we applied our 3D model as a migration assay tool to verify the migratory behavior of different patient-derived bone metastasized cells. We assessed the impact of two different chemotherapeutics, Doxorubicin and Cisplatin, on migration of patient cells and their immortalized cell line counterparts. We observed different migratory behaviors and cellular metabolic activities blocked with both Doxorubicin and Cisplatin treatment; however, higher efficiency or lower IC50 was observed with Doxorubicin. Gene expression analysis of MDA-MB231 that migrated through our 3D hybrid model verified epithelial-mesenchymal transition through increased expression of mesenchymal markers involved in the metastasis process. Our findings indicate that we can model tumor migration in vivo, in line with different cell characteristics and it may be a suitable drug screening tool for personalized medicine approaches in metastatic cancer treatment.
Topics: Humans; Cisplatin; Tumor Microenvironment; Bone Neoplasms; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition; Doxorubicin
PubMed: 36613604
DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010160 -
Revista Da Associacao Medica Brasileira... Apr 2022We aimed to examine the potential anticancer effects of ozone applied after chemotherapeutic treatment with different concentrations of doxorubicin in Luminal-A subtype...
OBJECTIVE
We aimed to examine the potential anticancer effects of ozone applied after chemotherapeutic treatment with different concentrations of doxorubicin in Luminal-A subtype of human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) and compare the results with effects on L929 fibroblast cell line.
METHODS
Both cell lines were incubated with increasing doses of doxorubicin (1-50 μM) for 24 h at 37°C. Then, half of groups were incubated with 30 μg/mL ozone for 25 min as combination groups. Cell viability was analyzed by MTT assay, apoptosis by flow cytometry, and levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha, transforming growth factor beta, and matrix metalloproteinase-2 and MMP-9 by immunocytochemistry.
RESULTS
Doxorubicin + ozone treatment enhanced viability of L929 (p<0.01) but reduced viability of MCF-7 compared to only doxorubicin-applied cells without ozone treatment (p<0.001). This combined treatment also enhanced apoptotic effect of doxorubicin on MCF-cells (p<0.001), but not on L929. It significantly increased all protein levels of L929 compared with those of other groups (p<0.05 for tumor necrosis factor alpha and MMP-2; p<0.01 for transforming growth factor beta and MMP-9). This treatment reversed the effect of doxorubicin on tumor necrosis factor alpha levels and considerably reduced MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels of MCF-7 compared with those of control group (p<0.01 and p<0.001, respectively).
CONCLUSION
Ozone treatment potentiated the apoptotic and anticancer activities of doxorubicin in MCF-7 cells and showed repairing and healing effect on healthy fibroblast cells, which were damaged from cytotoxic effects of chemotherapeutic agent. MCF-7 cells may acquire sensitivity against the doxorubicin combined with ozone treatment through activating tumor necrosis factor alpha, MMP-2, and MMP-9 expressions.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Breast Neoplasms; Cell Line, Tumor; Doxorubicin; Female; Humans; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; Ozone; Transforming Growth Factor beta; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
PubMed: 35649075
DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20211193 -
Biomaterials Advances Aug 2023Cell-membrane-coated biomimetic nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted great attention due to their prolonged circulation time, immune escape mechanisms and homotypic...
Cell-membrane-coated biomimetic nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted great attention due to their prolonged circulation time, immune escape mechanisms and homotypic targeting properties. Biomimetic nanosystems from different types of cell -membranes (CMs) can perform increasingly complex tasks in dynamic biological environments thanks to specific proteins and other properties inherited from the source cells. Herein, we coated doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded reduction-sensitive chitosan (CS) NPs with 4T1 cancer cell -membranes (CCMs), red blood cell -membranes (RBCMs) and hybrid erythrocyte-cancer membranes (RBC-4T1CMs) to enhance the delivery of DOX to breast cancer cells. The physicochemical properties (size, zeta potential and morphology) of the resulting RBC@DOX/CS-NPs, 4T1@DOX/CS-NPs and RBC-4T1@DOX/CS-NPs, as well as their cytotoxic effect and cellular NP uptake in vitro were thoroughly characterized. The anti-cancer therapeutic efficacy of the NPs was evaluated using the orthotopic 4T1 breast cancer model in vivo. The experimental results showed that DOX/CS-NPs had a DOX-loading capacity of 71.76 ± 0.87 %, and that coating of DOX/CS-NPs with 4T1CM significantly increased the NP uptake and cytotoxic effect in breast cancer cells. Interestingly, by optimizing the ratio of RBCMs:4T1CMs, it was possible to increase the homotypic targeting properties towards breast cancer cells. Moreover, in vivo tumor studies showed that compared to control DOX/CS-NPs and free DOX, both 4T1@DOX/CS-NPs and RBC@DOX/CS-NPs significantly inhibited tumor growth and metastasis. However, the effect of 4T1@DOX/CS-NPs was more prominent. Moreover, CM-coating reduced the uptake of NPs by macrophages and led to rapid clearance from the liver and lungs in vivo, compared to control NPs. Our results suggest that specific self-recognition to source cells resulting in homotypic targeting increased the uptake and the cytotoxic capacity of 4T1@DOX/CS-NPs by breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, tumor-disguised CM-coated DOX/CS-NPs exhibited tumor homotypic targeting and anti-cancer properties, and were superior over targeting with RBC-CM or RBC-4T1 hybrid membranes, suggesting that the presence of 4T1-CM is critical for treatment outcome.
Topics: Humans; Female; Breast Neoplasms; Doxorubicin; Antineoplastic Agents; Nanoparticles; Erythrocyte Membrane
PubMed: 37196459
DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213456 -
Journal of Nanobiotechnology Jun 2022Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) showed limited clinical therapeutic efficiency with chemotherapy for its multi-distributed lesions and hard-to-kill leukemia cells deep in...
BACKGROUND
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) showed limited clinical therapeutic efficiency with chemotherapy for its multi-distributed lesions and hard-to-kill leukemia cells deep in the bone marrow.
RESULTS
Here, a biomimetic nanosystem (DR@PLip) based on platelet membrane (PM) coating and doxorubicin (DOX)/ginsenoside (Rg3) co-loading was developed to potentiate the local-to-systemic chemoimmunotherapy for AML. The PM was designed for long-term circulation and better leukemia cells targeting. The participation of Rg3 was proved to enhance the tumor sensitivity to DOX, thus initiating the anti-tumor immune activation and effectively combating the leukemia cells hiding in the bone marrow.
CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion, the strategy that combining immediate chemotherapy with long-term immunotherapy achieved improved therapeutic efficiency and prolonged survival, which provided a new perspective for the clinical treatment of AML.
Topics: Biomimetics; Doxorubicin; Ginsenosides; Humans; Immunotherapy; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute
PubMed: 35701846
DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01491-w -
Blood Advances Jan 2024Real-world data (RWD) are essential to complement clinical trial (CT) data, but major challenges remain, such as data quality. REal world dAta in LYmphoma and Survival...
Real-world data (RWD) are essential to complement clinical trial (CT) data, but major challenges remain, such as data quality. REal world dAta in LYmphoma and Survival in Adults (REALYSA) is a prospective noninterventional multicentric cohort started in 2018 that included patients newly diagnosed with lymphoma in France. Herein is a proof-of-concept analysis on patients with first-line diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) to (1) evaluate the capacity of the cohort to provide robust data through a multistep validation process; (2) assess the consistency of the results; and (3) conduct an exploratory transportability assessment of 2 recent phase 3 CTs (POLARIX and SENIOR). The analysis population comprised 645 patients with DLBCL included before 31 March 2021 who received immunochemotherapy and for whom 3589 queries were generated, resulting in high data completeness (<4% missing data). Median age was 66 years, with mostly advanced-stage disease and high international prognostic index (IPI) score. Treatments were mostly rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin hydrochloride, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP 75%) and reduced dose R-CHOP (13%). Estimated 1-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival rates were 77.9% and 90.0%, respectively (median follow-up, 9.9 months). Regarding transportability, when applying the CT's main inclusion criteria (age, performance status, and IPI), outcomes seemed comparable between patients in REALYSA and standard arms of POLARIX (1-year progression-free survival 79.8% vs 79.8%) and SENIOR (1-year EFS, 64.5% vs 60.0%). With its rigorous data validation process, REALYSA provides high-quality RWD, thus constituting a platform for numerous scientific purposes. The REALYSA study was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT03869619.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Aged; Prospective Studies; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Retrospective Studies; Rituximab; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse; Cyclophosphamide; Prednisone; Vincristine; Doxorubicin
PubMed: 37874913
DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023010798 -
Cell Proliferation May 2023Cancer cell spheroids have been shown to mimic in vivo tumour microenvironment and are therefore suitable for in vitro drug screening. Microfluidic technology can...
Cancer cell spheroids have been shown to mimic in vivo tumour microenvironment and are therefore suitable for in vitro drug screening. Microfluidic technology can provide conveniences for spheroid assays such as high-throughput, simplifying manual operation and saving reagent. Here, we propose a concentration gradient generator based on microfluidic technology for cell spheroid culture and assay. The chip consists of upper microchannels and lower microwells. After partitioning HepG2 suspension into the microwells with concave and non-adhesive bottoms, spheroids can spontaneously form. By controlling the fluid replacement and flow in microchannels, the doxorubicin solution is diluted automatically into a series of concentration gradients, which spanning more than one order of magnitude. And then the effect of doxorubicin on spheroids is measured in situ by fluorescent staining. This chip provides a very promising approach to achieve the high-throughput and standardized anti-cancer drug screening in future.
Topics: Spheroids, Cellular; Cell Culture Techniques; Antineoplastic Agents; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Doxorubicin
PubMed: 37199072
DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13473 -
International Journal of Nanomedicine 2022Osteosarcoma is considered as the most common primary malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents, and the treatments including chemotherapy and surgery were far...
PURPOSE
Osteosarcoma is considered as the most common primary malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents, and the treatments including chemotherapy and surgery were far from satisfactory. Localized tumor treatments by hydrogels incorporating combined chemotherapeutic drugs have recently emerged as superior approaches for enhanced anti-tumor effects and reduced systemic toxicity.
METHODS
A novel injectable thermosensitive poly (lactide-co- glycolide)-poly (ethylene glycol)-poly(lactide-co-glycolide) triblock copolymer hydrogel containing doxorubicin and cisplatin for the localized chemotherapy of osteosarcoma were synthesized and characterized. The in vitro drug release properties of the drugs-loaded hydrogels were investigated. To study the anti-tumor efficacy of hydrogels depots in vitro, the cytotoxicity and apoptosis rate against Saos-2 and MG-63 cells were evaluated by MTT, Annexin V and PCR methods. The in vivo synergistic anti-tumor efficacy of the multi-drugs co-loaded hydrogels was investigated by human osteosarcoma xenografts. Additionally, the systemic toxic side effects were evaluated by ex vivo histological analysis of the major organs of the mice.
RESULTS
The PLGA-PEG-PLGA copolymer solution underwent a sol-gel transition at appropriate temperature and degraded in the PBS, presenting a friendly biocompatibility in vitro. The in vitro cell viability tests demonstrated that DOX and CDDP co-loaded hydrogels exhibited synergistic anti-proliferation effect, due to the sustained release of drugs from the drugs-loaded hydrogel. The treatment with DOX and CDDP co-loaded hydrogel led to the highest efficiency in inhibiting the tumor growth, enhanced tumor necrosis rate and increased regulation of the apoptosis-related gene expressions, indicating a synergistic anti-tumor efficacy in vivo. Additionally, ex vivo histological analysis of the nude mice exhibited low systemic toxicity.
CONCLUSION
The combination treatment of osteosarcoma by localized, sustained co-delivery of DOX and CDDP by PLGA-PEG-PLGA hydrogel may serve as a promising strategy for efficient clinical treatment of osteosarcoma.
Topics: Adolescent; Animals; Bone Neoplasms; Cisplatin; Doxorubicin; Humans; Hydrogels; Mice; Mice, Nude; Osteosarcoma
PubMed: 35345787
DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S356453 -
BMC Veterinary Research Dec 2021Both human and veterinary cancer chemotherapy are undergoing a paradigm shift from a "one size fits all" approach to more personalized, patient-oriented treatment...
BACKGROUND
Both human and veterinary cancer chemotherapy are undergoing a paradigm shift from a "one size fits all" approach to more personalized, patient-oriented treatment strategies. Personalized chemotherapy is dependent on the identification and validation of biomarkers that can predict treatment outcome and/or risk of toxicity. Many cytotoxic chemotherapy agents, including doxorubicin, base their mechanism of action by interaction with DNA and disruption of normal cellular processes. We developed a high-resolution/accurate-mass liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry DNA screening approach for monitoring doxorubicin-induced DNA modifications (adducts) in vitro and in vivo. We used, for the first time, a new strategy involving the use of isotope-labeled DNA, which greatly facilitates adduct discovery. The overall goal of this work was to identify doxorubicin-DNA adducts to be used as biomarkers to predict drug efficacy for use in veterinary oncology.
RESULTS
We used our novel mass spectrometry approach to screen for adducts in purified DNA exposed to doxorubicin. This initial in vitro screening identified nine potential doxorubicin-DNA adduct masses, as well as an intense signal corresponding to DNA-intercalated doxorubicin. Two of the adduct masses, together with doxorubicin and its metabolite doxorubicinol, were subsequently detected in vivo in liver DNA extracted from mice exposed to doxorubicin. Finally, the presence of these adducts and analytes was explored in the DNA isolated from dogs undergoing treatment with doxorubicin. The previously identified nine DOX-DNA adducts were not detected in these preliminary three samples collected seven days post-treatment, however intercalated doxorubicin and doxorubicinol were detected.
CONCLUSIONS
This work sets the stage for future evaluation of doxorubicin-DNA adducts and doxorubicin-related molecules as candidate biomarkers to personalize chemotherapy protocols for canine cancer patients. It demonstrates our ability to combine in one method the analysis of DNA adducts and DNA-intercalated doxorubicin and doxorubicinol. The last two analytes interestingly, were persistent in samples from canine patients undergoing doxorubicin chemotherapy seven days after treatment. The presence of doxorubicin in all samples suggests a role for it as a promising biomarker for use in veterinary chemotherapy. Future studies will involve the analysis of more samples from canine cancer patients to elucidate optimal timepoints for monitoring intercalated doxorubicin and doxorubicin-DNA adducts and the correlation of these markers with therapy outcome.
Topics: Animals; Biomarkers; DNA; DNA Adducts; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Doxorubicin; Mice; Neoplasms
PubMed: 34876121
DOI: 10.1186/s12917-021-03062-x -
Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and... Dec 2022Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) support tumour development and have emerged as important regulators of therapeutic response to cytostatic agents. To target TAMs, we...
Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) support tumour development and have emerged as important regulators of therapeutic response to cytostatic agents. To target TAMs, we have developed a novel drug delivery approach which induces drug release as it inhibits cysteine cathepsin activity. This inhibitory prodrug (IPD) approach establishes a self-regulated system where drug release stops after all cysteine cathepsins are inhibited. This could improve the therapeutic window for drugs with severe side effects. We demonstrate and characterise this self-regulation concept with a fluorogenic IPD model. Next, we applied this IPD strategy to deliver cytotoxic drugs, as doxorubicin and monomethyl auristatin E, which are efficiently released and dose-dependently eliminate RAW264.7 macrophages. Lastly, by exploiting the increased cathepsin activity in TAM-like M2-polarised primary macrophages, we show that IPD-Dox selectively eliminates M2 over M1 macrophages. This demonstrates the potential of our IPD strategy for selective drug delivery and modulation of the tumour microenvironment.
Topics: Cathepsins; Cysteine; Cytostatic Agents; Doxorubicin; Drug Liberation; Prodrugs
PubMed: 36120947
DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2122961