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Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology &... 2021() is proved to be the main pathogenic agent of various diseases, including chronic gastritis, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, and gastric cancer. In addition, chronic... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
() is proved to be the main pathogenic agent of various diseases, including chronic gastritis, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, and gastric cancer. In addition, chronic cholecystitis and cholelithiasis are common worldwide, which are supposed to increase the total mortality of patients. Epidemiologic evidence on the relationship between infection of the gallbladder and chronic cholecystitis/cholelithiasis still remains unclear. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of overall studies to investigate the relationship between infection of the gallbladder and chronic cholecystitis/cholelithiasis. Two researchers searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases to obtain all related and eligible studies published before July 2020. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by the random-effects model. Subgroup analysis, heterogeneity, publication bias, and sensitivity analysis were also conducted. Twenty studies were included in the meta-analysis, involving 1735 participants and 1197 patients with chronic cholecystitis/cholelithiasis. species infection of the gallbladder was positively correlated with increased risk of chronic cholecystitis and cholelithiasis, especially (OR = 3.05; 95% CI, 1.81-5.14; = 23.5%). Besides, country-based subgroup analysis also showed a positive correlation between the gallbladder positivity and chronic cholecystitis/cholelithiasis risk. For Asian and non-Asian country studies, the ORs were 4.30 (95% CI, 1.76-10.50; = 37.4%) and 2.13 (95% CI, 1.23-3.70; = 0.0%), respectively. The association was more obvious using the bile sample and urease gene primer. In conclusion, this meta-analysis provided evidence that there is a positive correlation between infection in the gallbladder and increased risk of chronic cholecystitis and cholelithiasis.
Topics: Cholecystitis; Cholelithiasis; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Humans
PubMed: 33505946
DOI: 10.1155/2021/8886085 -
Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine 2023infection is the most common cause of peptic ulcer disease. However, the prevalence rates of non-helicobacter pylori idiopathic peptic ulcers have increased over the...
BACKGROUND
infection is the most common cause of peptic ulcer disease. However, the prevalence rates of non-helicobacter pylori idiopathic peptic ulcers have increased over the past few years. This study aims to compare the characteristics of -positive with idiopathic duodenal ulcers.
METHODS
A cross-sectional cohort study was conducted on 950 patients which were excluded from the analysis process duo to the concomitant presence of gastric ulcer, malignancy, Zollinger Ellison syndrome, Crohn's disease, esophageal varices, history of taking anti-Helicobacter pylori therapy, and history of taking NSAID or aspirin. Eventually, 647 subjects were enrolled for the analysis process. In this case, these subjects were divided into two groups: (I) -positive ulcer group and (II) -negative and non-NSAID (idiopathic) ulcer group.
RESULTS
The findings showed that 417 patients (64.5%) had duodenal ulcers induced by , and 111 patients (17.1%) had -negative and non-NSAID ulcers. The mean ages of patients in -positive and idiopathic ulcer groups were 39±15 and 42±17, respectively. In this case, 33 patients (29.7%) with idiopathic ulcers and 56 patients (25.1%) with -positive ulcers had upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Also, 22 patients (21%) with idiopathic ulcers and 31 patients (16.5%) with -positive ulcers had multiple duodenal ulcers.
CONCLUSION
The present study demonstrated that the idiopathic ulcers included 17.1% of duodenal ulcers. Also, it was concluded that patients with idiopathic ulcers were predominantly male with an age range older than the other group. In addition, patients in this group had more ulcers.
PubMed: 37223285
DOI: 10.22088/cjim.14.2.179 -
Nutrients Jan 2023Genetic and environmental factors are associated with developing and progressing duodenal ulcer (DU) risk. However, the exact nature of the disease pathophysiology and...
Genetic and environmental factors are associated with developing and progressing duodenal ulcer (DU) risk. However, the exact nature of the disease pathophysiology and the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-lifestyle interaction has yet to be determined. The purpose of the present study was to examine the SNPs linked to DU risk and their interaction with lifestyles and diets in a large hospital-based cohort of Asians. Based on an earlier diagnosis, the participants were divided into the DU (case; n = 1088) and non-DU (control, n = 56,713) groups. The SNP associated with DU risk were obtained from a genome-wide association study (GWAS), and those promoted genetic impact with SNP-SNP interactions were identified with generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction analysis. The interaction between polygenic risk score (PRS) calculated from the selected genetic variants and nutrient were examined. They were related to actin modification, immune response, and cell migration by modulating leucine-rich repeats (LRR) domain binding, Shaffer interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) targets in myeloma vs. mature B lymphocyte, and Reactome runt-related transcription factor 3 (RUNX3). Among the selected SNPs, rs11230563 (R225W) showed missense mutation and low binding affinity with different food components in the autodock analysis. Glycyrrhizin, physalin B, janthitrem F, and casuarinin lowered it in only wild CD6 protein but not in mutated CD6. Plastoquinone 8, solamargine, saponin D, and matesaponin 2 decreased energy binding affinity in mutated CD6 proteins. The PRS of the 5-SNP and 6-SNP models exhibited a positive association with DU risk (OR = 3.14). The PRS of the 5-SNP PRS model interacted with irregular eating habits and smoking status. In participants with irregular eating habits or smokers, DU incidence was much higher in the participants with high PRS than in those with low PRS. In conclusion, the genetic impact of DU risk was mainly in regulating immunity, inflammation, and actin modification. Adults who are genetically susceptible to DU need to eat regularly and to be non-smokers. The results could be applied to personalize nutrition.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Actins; Duodenal Ulcer; Feeding Behavior; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genome-Wide Association Study; Inflammation; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Risk Factors; Multifactorial Inheritance
PubMed: 36678166
DOI: 10.3390/nu15020296 -
Asian Journal of Surgery Feb 2023
Topics: Humans; Duodenal Ulcer; Peptic Ulcer Perforation
PubMed: 36055888
DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2022.08.001 -
BMC Gastroenterology Jun 2020Non Helicobacter pylori gastric Helicobacters (NHPGHs) are associated with a range of upper gastrointestinal symptoms, histologic and endoscopic findings. For the first...
BACKGROUND
Non Helicobacter pylori gastric Helicobacters (NHPGHs) are associated with a range of upper gastrointestinal symptoms, histologic and endoscopic findings. For the first time in Iran, we performed a cross-sectional study in order to determine the prevalence of five species of NHPGHs in patients presenting with dyspepsia.
METHODS
The participants were divided into H. pylori-infected and NHPGH-infected groups, based on the rapid urease test, histological analysis of biopsies, and PCR assay of ureA, ureB, and ureAB genes. The study included 428 gastric biopsies form dyspeptic patients, who did not receive any treatment for H. pylori. The samples were collected and sent to the laboratory within two years. H. pylori was identified in 368 samples, which were excluded from the study. Finally, a total of 60 non-H. pylori samples were studied for NHPGH species.
RESULTS
The overall frequency of NHPGH species was 10 for H. suis (three duodenal ulcer, three gastritis, and four gastric ulcer samples), 10 for H. felis (one gastritis, three duodenal ulcer, and six gastric ulcer samples), 20 for H. salomonis (four duodenal ulcer, five gastritis, and 11 gastric ulcer samples), 13 for H. heilmannii (three gastritis, five duodenal ulcer, and five gastric ulcer samples), and 7 for H. bizzozeronii (zero gastric ulcer, two duodenal ulcer, and five gastritis samples).
CONCLUSIONS
Given our evidence about the possibility of involvement of NHPGHs in patients suffering from gastritis and nonexistence of mixed H. pylori infection, bacteriological testing of subjects negative for H. pylori becomes clinically relevant and important. Our findings suggest H. salomonis has the highest rate among the NHPGH species in Iranian dyspeptic patients.
Topics: Adult; Cross-Sectional Studies; Duodenal Ulcer; Dyspepsia; Female; Gastritis; Helicobacter; Helicobacter Infections; Humans; Iran; Male; Prevalence; Stomach Ulcer
PubMed: 32546214
DOI: 10.1186/s12876-020-01331-x -
GeroScience Apr 2024The detailed comorbidity patterns of community-dwelling older adults have not yet been explored. This study employed a network-based approach to investigate the...
The detailed comorbidity patterns of community-dwelling older adults have not yet been explored. This study employed a network-based approach to investigate the comorbidity patterns of community-dwelling older adults living alone. The sample comprised a cross-sectional cohort of adults 65 or older living alone in a Korean city (n = 1041; mean age = 77.7 years, 77.6% women). A comorbidity network analysis that estimates networks aggregated from measures of significant co-occurrence between pairs of diseases was employed to investigate comorbid associations between 31 chronic conditions. A cluster detection algorithm was employed to identify specific clusters of comorbidities. The association strength was expressed as the observed-to-expected ratio (OER). As a result, fifteen diseases were interconnected within the network (OER > 1, p-value < .05). While hypertension had a high prevalence, osteoporosis was the most central disease, co-occurring with numerous other diseases. The strongest associations among comorbidities were found between thyroid disease and urinary incontinence, chronic otitis media and osteoporosis, gastric duodenal ulcer/gastritis and anemia, and depression and gastric duodenal ulcer/gastritis (OER > 1.85). Three distinct clusters were identified as follows: (a) cataracts, osteoporosis, chronic otitis media, osteoarthritis/rheumatism, low back pain/sciatica, urinary incontinence, post-accident sequelae, and thyroid diseases; (b) hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension; and (c) depression, skin disease, gastric duodenal ulcer/gastritis, and anemia. The results may prove valuable in guiding the early diagnosis, management, and treatment of comorbidities in older adults living alone.
Topics: Humans; Female; Aged; Male; Independent Living; Cross-Sectional Studies; Duodenal Ulcer; Home Environment; Comorbidity; Hypertension; Osteoporosis; Gastritis; Anemia; Otitis Media; Urinary Incontinence
PubMed: 37924440
DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00987-z -
British Journal of Hospital Medicine... Oct 2021Gastrointestinal bleeding significantly increases morbidity and mortality rates postoperatively in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. The prophylactic prescribing of...
AIMS/BACKGROUND
Gastrointestinal bleeding significantly increases morbidity and mortality rates postoperatively in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. The prophylactic prescribing of proton pump inhibitors post-cardiac surgery is currently a class IIa recommendation of the European Association of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery.
METHOD
A retrospective review of patients who underwent cardiac surgery between July and December 2019 in the authors' hospital was carried out, using discharge summaries. New treatment charts were introduced with a pre-printed proton pump inhibitor included in the 'regular medication' section of the treatment chart and two reaudits were performed using the same methodology.
RESULTS
Before the intervention, 47% were prescribed omeprazole postoperatively, compared to 74% (<0.001) and 66% (=0.008) in the first and second reaudits respectively. Gastrointestinal bleeding was more common pre-intervention (4% vs 1% respectively; =0.10).
CONCLUSIONS
This intervention resulted in a statistically significant improvement in the prescription of postoperative omeprazole and a decrease in gastrointestinal bleeds. However, other risk factors such as diabetes mellitus, arteriosclerosis and procedure urgency may have contributed to the absence of statistical significance in the latter.
Topics: Cardiac Surgical Procedures; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Omeprazole; Proton Pump Inhibitors; Retrospective Studies; Thoracic Surgery
PubMed: 34726935
DOI: 10.12968/hmed.2021.0339 -
The Journal of Thoracic and... Feb 2022Type III achalasia outcomes have historically been met with limited success after conventional laparoscopic Heller myotomy (LHM) and pneumatic dilation. Peroral...
BACKGROUND
Type III achalasia outcomes have historically been met with limited success after conventional laparoscopic Heller myotomy (LHM) and pneumatic dilation. Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) has emerged as a promising alterative for a multitude of reasons. Our objective was to investigate POEM outcomes in palliating type III achalasia.
METHODS
A retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database was conducted in a tertiary care institution between April 2014 and July 2019. The primary outcome was postoperative Eckardt score. We also explored the effect of lower esophageal sphincter (LES) integrated resting pressure (IRP) on manometry, barium column height and width, and complications. Standard statistical methods were applied using R.
RESULTS
A total of 518 patients in the achalasia database were identified, with 308 patients undergoing LHM and 210 undergoing POEM during the study period. POEM was used for type III achalasia in 36 patients (median age, 60 years; 61.7% male), with a median operative time of 85 minutes (interquartile range [IQR], 71-115 minutes) and follow-up of 1 year (IQR, 0.16-2.25 years). Within the POEM group, 11 patients (33%) had previous interventions, including Botox injections to the LES (n = 7), pneumatic dilation (n = 1), and LHM (n = 3). A significant decrease in median Eckardt score was observed (7 preoperatively [IQR, 6-8.75] vs 0 postoperatively [IQR, 0-1]; P < .01). Similar improvements after POEM were noted in median LES IRPs (25.5 mmHg vs 4.5 mmgHg; P < .01), 1-minute barium column height (10 cm vs 0 cm; P < .01), and 1-minute barium column width (2 cm vs 0 cm; P < .01). Patients reported a return to activities of daily living in a median of 7 days (IQR, 3-7 days). Three patients experienced complications, including mucosal perforation resolving with conservative management (n = 1), readmission for bleeding duodenal ulcer responding to proton pump inhibitors (n = 1), and readmission for dysphagia and rehydration (n = 1). Postoperative esophageal pH studies were conducted in 21 patients (62%), demonstrating a Demeester score of >14.72 in 13 patients (62%).
CONCLUSIONS
POEM provides effective and durable palliation for type III achalasia, as demonstrated by symptom relief, esophageal manometry, and radiographic measurement. Considering its low morbidity profile, POEM should be considered as first-line therapy in this challenging disease subtype.
Topics: Aged; Databases, Factual; Deglutition; Esophageal Achalasia; Esophagus; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pyloromyotomy; Recovery of Function; Retrospective Studies; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 33741133
DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2021.01.128 -
International Journal of Molecular and... 2023as a common gastrointestinal (GI) pathogen must possess certain virulence characteristics to colonize the stomach, evade host immune responses, and subsequently induce...
as a common gastrointestinal (GI) pathogen must possess certain virulence characteristics to colonize the stomach, evade host immune responses, and subsequently induce GI diseases. This research aimed to investigate the expression level of two important genes, the sialic acid-binding adherence () and the blood group antigen-binding adhesion () in strains isolated from adult patients living in the northern part of Iran, and their association with peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and gastric cancer (GC). This cross-sectional study was carried out on adult patients referring to the GI clinic of the hospitals affiliated to Babol University of Medical Sciences, Iran. New cases diagnosed with gastritis, peptic ulcer or gastric cancer were included. Endoscopic-guided gastric biopsies were examined and positive colonies were analyzed to determine the expression of and genes, utilizing specific primers and the SYBR Green dye. Among 175 patients with mean age of 51.6±15.6 years, 101 (57.7%) of the individuals tested positive for H. pylori infection. Statistical analysis revealed a significant correlation between (P=0.003) and (P=0.002) gene expression and development of PUD and GC. Smoking (P=0.052), gender (P=0.004) and positive gene expression (P=0.009) had the greatest association with occurrence of PUD or GC in positive patients. In summary, the presence of the gene in people infected with increased the risk of GC compared to gastritis, while, the presence of the gene was significantly increased in gastric ulcer patients. Considering the diversity of isolates and the varying results observed in different geographical regions, further comprehensive studies are required to evaluate the function of these genes in pathogenesis and their relationship with clinical outcomes.
PubMed: 38313370
DOI: 10.22088/IJMCM.BUMS.12.2.211 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Nov 2020The carrot plant ) and its components are traditionally reported for the management of gastric ulcers. This study was performed to evaluate the role of carrot when...
The carrot plant ) and its components are traditionally reported for the management of gastric ulcers. This study was performed to evaluate the role of carrot when administered concurrently with a conventional antiulcer treatment, pantoprazole, in alleviating gastric and duodenal ulcers in female experimental animals. The study involved standard animal models to determine the ulcer preventive effect using pylorus ligation, ethanol, and stress induced acute gastric ulcer models and duodenal ulcer models involving cysteamine. Acetic acid-induced chronic gastric ulcer and indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer models were used to evaluate the ulcer healing effect. Carrot fruit (500 mg/kg) and its co-administration with pantoprazole produced significant protection in an ethanol- and stress-induced acute gastric ulcer and cysteamine-induced duodenal ulcer. The healing of the acetic acid-induced chronic gastric ulcer was also augmented with this combination. Both total proteins and mucin contents were significantly increased in indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers. Similarly, in pylorus ligation, the pepsin content of gastric juice, total acidity, and free acidity were reduced. Overall, both ulcer preventive effects and ulcer healing properties of the pantoprazole were significantly enhanced in animals who received the co-administration of carrot fruit (500 mg/kg).
Topics: Acetic Acid; Animals; Anti-Ulcer Agents; Antioxidants; Biphenyl Compounds; Cysteamine; Daucus carota; Drug Synergism; Ethanol; Female; Free Radical Scavengers; Indomethacin; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Pantoprazole; Pepsin A; Picrates; Plant Preparations; Pylorus; Rats; Rats, Wistar
PubMed: 33202703
DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225287