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Personality and Individual Differences Jul 2021Narcissism can manifest in a grandiose form - admiration-seeking, exhibitionism, and dominance - or a vulnerable form - anxiety, withdrawal, and hypersensitivity. While...
Narcissism can manifest in a grandiose form - admiration-seeking, exhibitionism, and dominance - or a vulnerable form - anxiety, withdrawal, and hypersensitivity. While grandiose narcissism is conceptually in line with an independent self-construal, as prevalent in Western countries, the vulnerable form can be assumed to relate more to an interdependent self-construal, as prevalent in Eastern countries. We studied both forms of narcissism in Germany and Japan (s = 258, 280), which differ fundamentally in their independent and interdependent self-construal, yet are similar regarding global developmental standards. We tested whether (1) mean differences in both narcissism forms would conform to the predominant self-construal, (2) self-construal would explain variance in narcissism beyond broad personality traits, and (3) there would be stronger mental health tradeoffs for culturally incongruent forms of narcissism. Our results largely confirm these expectations for vulnerable narcissism, which is (1) more prevalent in Japan than Germany, (2) related to self-construal beyond broad traits, and, (3) more strongly related to mental health problems in Germany than Japan. For grandiose narcissism, data analyses indicated that construct equivalence can only be assumed for the entitlement factor, and internal structure and nomological networks differ substantially between cultural contexts.
PubMed: 34285424
DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2021.110716 -
Self and Identity : the Journal of the... 2021Previous research has shown that narcissistic traits such as exploitativeness, exhibitionism, and entitlement are associated with delinquency and aggression in childhood...
Previous research has shown that narcissistic traits such as exploitativeness, exhibitionism, and entitlement are associated with delinquency and aggression in childhood and adolescence. However, there is a paucity of longitudinal research examining these associations, and virtually no research examining other problem behaviors such as drug use and early sexual behavior. In this study, we extended previous research by testing whether two facets of narcissism, exploitativeness and superiority, assessed at age 14, predicted problem behaviors at age 16, while controlling for problem behaviors at age 14. We applied two-part count models to data from a longitudinal study of 674 Mexican-origin adolescents living in the United States followed over a two-year period from age 14 to 16. Adolescents with higher exploitativeness levels at age 14 were more likely to engage in drug use, commit delinquent acts, have sexual intercourse, and exhibit symptoms of conduct disorder at age 16, compared to adolescents with lower exploitativeness levels. Superiority had almost no associations with problem behaviors. Thus, exploitativeness may be one personality risk factor that underlies the development of multiple forms of problem behaviors in adolescence.
PubMed: 33716582
DOI: 10.1080/15298868.2019.1609573 -
Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging 2022In order to solve the problem of sports medical image in basketball training, a sports medical image modeling research method based on injury prevention in basketball...
In order to solve the problem of sports medical image in basketball training, a sports medical image modeling research method based on injury prevention in basketball training was proposed. By the method, the current situation of sports injury in university basketball was investigated. At the same time, the injury factors were analyzed on four occasions, including basketball class, extracurricular activities, competition, and training. In order to reduce the occurrence of injury and enhance the security of basketball sports for nonbasketball students of physical education, combined with the problems and reasons, the corresponding suggestions were put forward. Through the experiment, it was found that the incidence of basketball injury for nonbasketball male university students was as high as 90.7%. The results of the experiment showed that it was necessary to enhance the awareness of self-protection, control emotions and exhibitionism, strengthen physical training, attach importance to basic skills training, do warm-up activities, stay focused, pay attention to exercise load, and prevent excessive fatigue.
Topics: Athletic Injuries; Basketball; Humans; Male; Sports Medicine
PubMed: 35992544
DOI: 10.1155/2022/5742543 -
Alpha Psychiatry Jul 2021This study aimed to compare the anxiety and narcissism levels of different performance groups in female handball players.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to compare the anxiety and narcissism levels of different performance groups in female handball players.
METHODS
A total of 59 athletes between the ages of 15 and 37 participated in the study, taking the first 4 places from the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus senior women handball 1st league in the 2017-2018 season. Wingate peak power (WPP), Wingate average power (WAP), handball agility test (HAST), 10 m speed (10S), 20 m speed (20S), 20m shuttle run (SR), hands on waist vertical jump (HEVJ), hands free vertical jumping (HFVJ) test, Beck anxiety scale (BAI), 5-factor narcissism scale-short form (FFNI-SF), and sociodemographic data form were used. The athletes were divided into upper performance (UPG) and lower performance groups (LPG) using the median value according to the results of the physical measurement tests (FST).
RESULTS
It was determined that the anxiety level of the participants in the LPG group was higher than that in the UPG group. The narcissism level of the participants in the UPG group was found to be higher than that in the LPG group. The scores of consent seeking, arrogance, leader/authority, insecurity, claiming rights, exhibitionism, carelessness, lack of empathy, and adventurousness were higher than LPG. In the correlation analysis, a positive and low level of relationship between anxiety and 20S and a negative and low level of significant relationship between HEJV were found. It was observed that there was a positive and low level significant relationship between narcissism and WPP, HFJV, and HEJV. It has been revealed that anxiety and narcissism variables have a predictive effect on the physical performance average score.
CONCLUSION
The findings suggest that in female handball players, high levels of narcissism may affect the performance positively and high anxiety levels negatively. As a result of this study, it was revealed that anxiety and narcissism have a predictive effect on physical performance average score in women's handball.
PubMed: 36424938
DOI: 10.5455/apd.116943 -
PloS One 2023Narcissism may play a role in shaping body image concerns. Here we examined the relationships between narcissism (i.e., agentic extraversion, antagonism, narcissistic...
OBJECTIVE
Narcissism may play a role in shaping body image concerns. Here we examined the relationships between narcissism (i.e., agentic extraversion, antagonism, narcissistic neuroticism, leadership/authority, exhibitionism/entitlement) and body image concerns and disturbances (i.e., drive for thinness, drive for muscularity, eating disorder symptoms, body mass index, current/desired fat, and current/desired muscularity).
METHODS
Mechanical Turk workers from the USA (N = 430; 64% male) completed the Narcissistic Admiration and Rivalry Questionnaire, the Hypersensitive Narcissism Scale, the Narcissistic Personality Inventory, the Drive for Muscularity Scale, the Drive for Thinness Scale, the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire-Short, and the Sex-Specific Somatomorphic Matrixes.
RESULTS
All narcissistic factors were associated with a greater drive for thinness (except for leadership/authority) and for muscularity, more eating disorder symptoms, a greater desired body fat (except for leadership/authority), and a greater current muscularity. Greater agentic extraversion and exhibitionism/entitlement were associated with lower levels of current body fat, and greater antagonism was associated with a greater desired muscularity.
DISCUSSION
Notably, individual differences in narcissism appeared to be important in understanding body image concerns, broadly speaking. We found that narcissism may be associated with body image concerns among both sexes differently, and especially that drive for thinness was more related to narcissism in men. Our results emphasize the importance of narcissism in formulating and treating body image-related disorders for both men and women. Ultimately, narcissistic features of personality may be risk factors for developing and perpetuating body image concerns, and therefore should be considered in assessment, formulation, diagnosis, and treatment of eating disorders.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Body Image; Narcissus; Narcissism; Thinness; Feeding and Eating Disorders
PubMed: 37943826
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293578 -
Archives of Sexual Behavior Jul 2021Sociosexuality and sexual compulsivity predict sex differences in voyeuristic interest in the population. In this study, we used a sample of 1113 participants from the...
Sociosexuality and sexual compulsivity predict sex differences in voyeuristic interest in the population. In this study, we used a sample of 1113 participants from the UK (46% men) to consider whether sociosexuality and sexual compulsivity interacted to explain these sex differences and whether this relationship extended to the related domain of exhibitionism. In doing so, we tested novel predictions derived from an evolutionary perspective which views voyeuristic and exhibitionistic interest as manifestations of a short-term mating strategy. Participants reported their levels of repulsion toward voyeurism and exhibitionism and their interest in performing such acts under different levels of risk. There were clear sex differences in voyeuristic and exhibitionistic repulsion that were partially mediated by the serial combination of sociosexuality and sexual compulsivity. Examining the sexes separately revealed qualitatively different relationships between sociosexuality and sexual compulsivity when predicting exhibitionistic, but not voyeuristic, repulsion. Combined, sociosexuality and sexual compulsivity also mediated the sex difference in willingness to commit acts of voyeurism, but not exhibitionism, which was equally low for both sexes. The results highlight the role sociosexuality plays in voyeuristic and exhibitionistic interest, which coupled with an evolutionary perspective, may have implications for how we view courtship disorders.
Topics: Biological Evolution; Courtship; Exhibitionism; Female; Humans; Male; Sex Characteristics; Sexual Behavior; Voyeurism
PubMed: 34231108
DOI: 10.1007/s10508-021-01991-0 -
Frontiers in Psychiatry 2022Exhibitionistic Disorder, one of the paraphilic disorders, is a disease with an unknown etiology and causes significant distress and loss of function in the patient's...
Exhibitionistic Disorder, one of the paraphilic disorders, is a disease with an unknown etiology and causes significant distress and loss of function in the patient's life. Serotonergic antidepressants are generally preferred in the treatment of this Disorder. However, in this case, we report a patient who did not respond to serotonergic antidepressants but bupropion, an antidepressant with dopaminergic and noradrenergic activity. Therefore, bupropion should be considered a medical treatment alternative in case serotonergic antidepressants do not work efficiently in the treatment of Exhibitionism.
PubMed: 36684014
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1079863