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World Journal of Nuclear Medicine Dec 2023The aim of this study was to quantitatively assess the macular and retinal nerve fiber layer thicknesses in patients with hyperthyroidism and thyroid cancer...
The aim of this study was to quantitatively assess the macular and retinal nerve fiber layer thicknesses in patients with hyperthyroidism and thyroid cancer undergoing radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy. This prospective study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital Clinical Research Ethics Committee. Written informed consent was obtained from the patients following a detailed explanation of the study objectives and protocol. Patient selection was randomized. Patients scheduled for RAI treatment in the Nuclear Medicine Clinic were referred to the ophthalmology clinic, respectively. Patients without additional ocular pathology were included in the study. All patients had received RAI therapy using Iodine-131 for hyperthyroidism or thyroid cancer. A complete ophthalmological examination and measurement of macular and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness using optical coherence tomography were performed on all patients before and at the first and sixth months and in first year after RAI treatment. The results were prospectively evaluated. The study included 80 eyes of 40 patients. The hyperthyroid group was group 1, and the thyroid cancer group was group 2. There were 25 patients in group 1 and 15 patients in group 2. The mean age was 43.76 ± 11.85 years (range: 22-65 years) in group 1 and 39.87 ± 9.13 years (range: 30-58 years) in group 2. There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding age and sex ( > 0.05). In both groups, no significant difference was found in the macular thickness and retinal nerve fiber layer thicknesses values obtained in both eyes before and after the RAI treatment. As a result of our study, we observed that RAI intake did not harm the retinal layer.
PubMed: 38152097
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1774419 -
Journal of Musculoskeletal & Neuronal... Jun 2023To evaluate the relationship between cartilage loss and differences in muscle thickness and/or leg length in poliomyelitis sequelae (PMS). Our study is the first to...
OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the relationship between cartilage loss and differences in muscle thickness and/or leg length in poliomyelitis sequelae (PMS). Our study is the first to evaluate the relationship between cartilage loss and both muscle atrophy and leg length discrepancy in the same population.
METHODS
37 patients with PMS and 38 healthy controls were included. Talar and distal femoral cartilage thicknesses and gastrocnemius medialis and quadriceps femoris muscle thicknesses were measured via ultrasound. Leg length differences and manual muscle strength were also evaluated.
RESULTS
The mean muscle thicknesses and cartilage thicknesses were thinner in the more affected legs than in the less affected legs in the patient group. All of the ultrasonographic measurements were thinner in the less affected legs of the patient group than in the right legs of the control group, except for the knee cartilage thicknesses. While there was a correlation between the cartilage thickness difference and the muscle thickness difference between the less and more affected legs in the patient group, there was no correlation between the cartilage thickness difference and leg length differences.
CONCLUSIONS
Patients with PMS are predisposed to osteoarthritis. Talar and knee cartilage thicknesses may be more associated with the muscle thickness than the leg length discrepancy in PMS.
Topics: Humans; Leg; Cartilage; Quadriceps Muscle; Lower Extremity; Poliomyelitis; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 37259663
DOI: No ID Found -
Beyoglu Eye Journal 2022The objectives of the study were to investigate the inter and intraocular differences in posterior pole asymmetry analysis (PPAA) with optical coherence tomography (OCT)...
OBJECTIVES
The objectives of the study were to investigate the inter and intraocular differences in posterior pole asymmetry analysis (PPAA) with optical coherence tomography (OCT) in anisometropia, to examine the relationship between the presence of anisometropia and amblyopia and retinal thickness.
METHODS
Patients between ages of 5 and 16 years with anisometropia who applied to our clinic were included in the study. Macular retinal thickness measurements were evaluated by PPAA using the posterior pole algorithm of the spectral domain-OCT device. Asymmetry was analyzed both as the difference between the right and left eyes and the difference between the superior, inferior, and mean retinal thicknesses of 64 separate quadrants in the same eye. Hemispheric and right-left eye asymmetry differences analyses were performed.
RESULTS
118 patients were included in the study(65 females and 53 males). Group 1 consisted of anisometropic patients (n=46), Group 2 consisted of anisometropic amblyopia patients (n=40), and Group 3 consisted of control group (n=32). The mean age of the patients was 9.72±5.6 years. The mean spherical equivalent difference between the two eyes of the patients was 1.7±0.6 D. When anisometropic eyes were compared with normal eyes, there was no significant difference between mean superior, inferior and total retinal thickness, and right-left eye asymmetry values (for all, p>0.05). In the asymmetry evaluation performed by counting the black boxes in the PPAA, a significant difference was found in the right-left asymmetry evaluation in anisometropic amblyopic eyes, in some quadrants and in the right-left asymmetry analysis (p<0.05).
CONCLUSION
While no difference was found between anisometropic and normal eyes in the PPAA, there was differences in some quadrants in the anisometropic amblyopic group compared to the control group suggesting that there is an involvement in the peripheral quadrants of the macula, especially in treatment resistant amblyopic patients.
PubMed: 35692278
DOI: 10.14744/bej.2022.48344 -
Journal of Clinical Neurology (Seoul,... Mar 2023We aimed to determine the effect of demographic factors on cortical thickness and brain glucose metabolism in healthy aging subjects.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
We aimed to determine the effect of demographic factors on cortical thickness and brain glucose metabolism in healthy aging subjects.
METHODS
The following tests were performed on 71 subjects with normal cognition: neurological examination, 3-tesla magnetic resonance imaging, F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography, and neuropsychological tests. Cortical thickness and brain metabolism were measured using vertex- and voxelwise analyses, respectively. General linear models (GLMs) were used to determine the effects of age, sex, and education on cortical thickness and brain glucose metabolism. The effects of mean lobar cortical thickness and mean lobar metabolism on neuropsychological test scores were evaluated using GLMs after controlling for age, sex, and education. The intracranial volume (ICV) was further included as a predictor or covariate for the cortical thickness analyses.
RESULTS
Age was negatively correlated with the mean cortical thickness in all lobes (frontal and parietal lobes, =0.001; temporal and occipital lobes, <0.001) and with the mean temporal metabolism (=0.005). Education was not associated with cortical thickness or brain metabolism in any lobe. Male subjects had a lower mean parietal metabolism than did female subjects (<0.001), while their mean cortical thicknesses were comparable. ICV was positively correlated with mean cortical thickness in the frontal (=0.016), temporal (=0.009), and occipital (=0.007) lobes. The mean lobar cortical thickness was not associated with cognition scores, while the mean temporal metabolism was positively correlated with verbal memory test scores.
CONCLUSIONS
Age and sex affect cortical thickness and brain glucose metabolism in different ways. Demographic factors must therefore be considered in analyses of cortical thickness and brain metabolism.
PubMed: 36647225
DOI: 10.3988/jcn.2022.0021 -
The Angle Orthodontist Nov 2023To evaluate gingival phenotype (GP) and thickness (GT) using visual, probing, and ultrasound (US) methods and to assess the accuracy and consistency of clinicians to...
OBJECTIVES
To evaluate gingival phenotype (GP) and thickness (GT) using visual, probing, and ultrasound (US) methods and to assess the accuracy and consistency of clinicians to visually identify GP.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The GP and GT of maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth in 29 orthodontic patients (mean age 25 ± 7.5 years) were assessed using probing and US by a single examiner. General dentist and dental specialist assessors (n = 104) were shown intraoral photographs of the patients, including six repeated images, and asked to identify the GP via a questionnaire.
RESULTS
An increasing trend in GT values of thin, medium, and thick biotype probe categories was found, though this was not statistically significant (P = .188). Comparison of probing method to determinations of GT made by US yielded slight agreement (κ = 0.12). Using the visual method, assessors' identification of the second GP determination ranged from poor to moderate agreement (κ = 0.29 to κ = 0.53).
CONCLUSIONS
The probe method is sufficient in differentiating between different categories of GP. However, further research is required to assess the sensitivity of the probe method in recognizing phenotypes in the most marginal of cases. Assessors using the visual method lack the ability to identify GP accurately and consistently among themselves.
Topics: Humans; Adolescent; Young Adult; Adult; Incisor; Gingiva; Maxilla; Photography, Dental; Ultrasonics; Phenotype
PubMed: 37407506
DOI: 10.2319/081622-573.1 -
Acta Stomatologica Croatica Mar 2022Dentin thickness in concave areas of the root creates risk for complications such as strip perforation during endodontic treatment. The study aims to examine dentin...
OBJECTIVES
Dentin thickness in concave areas of the root creates risk for complications such as strip perforation during endodontic treatment. The study aims to examine dentin thickness of the danger (DZ) and safety zone (SZ), canal configuration, and the presence of isthmus in the mesiobuccal root of maxillary molars.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Cone-beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) images of 1251 teeth belonging to 642 patients were retrospectively reviewed. The dentin thicknesses at DZ and SZ in maxillary molars with one (MB) or two mesiobuccal canals (MB1, MB2) were measured at the 3 mm apical to the furcation level. Vertucci's canal configurations and the isthmus rate were recorded. The Chi-square test andThe Student's t-test were performed.
RESULTS
MB2 rate was higher in maxillary first molars (61.68%) than second molars (39.36%). Isthmus rates were 27.3% and 44.11% in first and second molars. DZ thickness was thinner than the dentin thickness in the SZ in both first and second molars with one or two mesial canals (p< 0.05). In teeth with single canal, the mean DZ thickness was 0.88mm. In teeth with two canals, the mean DZ thicknesses were 0.83mm and 0.80mm for MB1 and MB2 canals, respectively.
CONCLUSION
MB2 rate was higher in the first molar (61.68%), and the isthmus rate was higher in the second molar (44.11%). DZ and SZ were thinner in MB2 than in MB1 at the maxillary molars with two mesial canals. The results indicated that more conservative preparation must be applied to the MB2 canal in the maxillary molars.
PubMed: 35382485
DOI: 10.15644/asc56/1/6 -
Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research 2019The aim of this study was to assess the correlation of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels with choroidal thickness in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) using... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to assess the correlation of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels with choroidal thickness in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).
METHODS
In this prospective case series, 180 eyes from 90 patients with type 2 DM were classified into three study groups based on HbA1c values: group 1 included patients with good glycemic control (HbA1c 7%), group 2 included patients with moderate glycemic control (HbA1c between 7% and 8%), and group 3 included patients with poor glycemic control (HbA1c 8%). Additionally, 50 eyes from 25 non-diabetic subjects were enrolled to group 4 as a control group. Sub-foveal, nasal, and temporal choroidal thickness were measured and compared.
RESULTS
Mean central, nasal, and temporal choroidal thicknesses in diabetic patients (247.80, 238.63, and 239.30 m) were significantly less than non-diabetic healthy subjects (277.56, 262.92, and 266.32 m). Additionally, mean central, nasal, and temporal choroidal thickness values in group 4 (277.56, 262.92, and 266.32 m) were significantly greater than the corresponding values in group 2 (248.34, 237.55, and 236.45 m) and group 3 (239.81, 234.62, and 233.94 m), but was not significantly different from corresponding values in group 1 (259.46, 246.12, and 251.00 m).
CONCLUSION
HbA1c values have a significant correlation with choroidal thickness in diabetic patients, and better glycemic control with HbA1c 7% may prevent choroidal thinning.
PubMed: 31660107
DOI: 10.18502/jovr.v14i3.4784 -
Translational Vision Science &... Sep 2023The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of prophylactic ranibizumab (PR) injections given every 3 months in eyes with intermediate nonexudative... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of prophylactic ranibizumab (PR) injections given every 3 months in eyes with intermediate nonexudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) on drusen volume, macular layer thicknesses, and progression of geographic atrophy (GA) area over 24 months in the PREVENT trial.
METHODS
This post hoc analysis of the prospective PREVENT trial compared eyes with intermediate AMD randomized to PR versus sham injections to determine rates of conversion to neovascular AMD over 24 months. Drusen area and volume, macular thickness and volume, and retinal layer thicknesses were measured on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography images and analyzed. Masked grading of GA area and subretinal drusenoid deposits (SDDs) using fundus autofluorescence images was performed.
RESULTS
There were no statistical differences in drusen area and volumes between groups, and similar reductions in central subfield thickness, mean cube thickness, cube volume, and retinal sublayer thickness from baseline to 24 months (P = 0.018 to < 0.001), with no statistical differences between groups in any of these anatomic parameters. These findings were not impacted by the presence or absence of SDD. Among the 9 eyes with GA in this study, mean GA growth rate from baseline to 24 months was 1.34 +/- 0.79 mm2/year after PR and 1.95 +/- 1.73 mm2/year in sham-treated eyes (P = 0.49), and similarly showed no statistical difference with square root transformation (P = 0.61).
CONCLUSIONS
Prophylactic ranibizumab given every 3 months did not appear to affect drusen volume, macular thinning, or GA progression in eyes with intermediate AMD.
TRANSLATIONAL RELEVANCE
This work investigates the impact of PR on progressive retinal degeneration in a clinical trial.
Topics: Humans; Child, Preschool; Ranibizumab; Angiogenesis Inhibitors; Prospective Studies; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; Visual Acuity; Wet Macular Degeneration; Retina; Geographic Atrophy
PubMed: 37656449
DOI: 10.1167/tvst.12.9.1 -
Journal of Refractive Surgery... Jul 2023To assess repeatability and agreement of corneal epithelial thickness mapping in eyes with keratoconus using three optical coherence tomography (OCT) devices featuring...
PURPOSE
To assess repeatability and agreement of corneal epithelial thickness mapping in eyes with keratoconus using three optical coherence tomography (OCT) devices featuring different technologies: spectral-domain (SD) OCT combined with Placido disk corneal topography (MS-39), swept-source OCT (Anterion), and SD-OCT (Avanti).
METHODS
Three consecutive measurements were acquired with the three devices in 60 eyes with keratoconus. The mean epithelial thickness was calculated in the central 2-mm zone and in 2- to 5-mm and 5- to 7-mm diameter rings. The repeatability was calculated using pooled within-subject standard deviation (S). The agreement was assessed by paired tests and Bland-Altman plots.
RESULTS
The repeatability (Sw) of the epithelial thickness for the central 2-mm zone was 0.91, 0.71, and 0.93 μm for the MS-39, Anterion, and Avanti, respectively. All thicknesses with the MS-39 were greater than those of the Anterion and Avanti, with mean differences of 4.11 ± 1.34 μm ( < .001) and 0.52 ± 1.30 μm ( = .003), respectively. The 95% limits of agreement were 1.484 to 6.736 μm for the MS-39 and Anterion, -3.068 to 2.028 μm for the Avanti and MS-39, and 1.258 to 5.922 μm for for the Avanti and Anterion.
CONCLUSIONS
Epithelial thickness mapping results were most repeatable with the Anterion, followed by the MS-39 and Avanti. The MS-39 gave the thickest values, followed by the Avanti and Anterion. The differences were significant, making the devices not interchangeable for epithelial thickness mapping in eyes with keratoconus. .
Topics: Humans; Keratoconus; Tomography, Optical Coherence; Corneal Pachymetry; Reproducibility of Results; Cornea; Corneal Topography
PubMed: 37449505
DOI: 10.3928/1081597X-20230606-01 -
Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia 2020This study aimed to evaluate optic nerve head parameters and inner retinal layer thicknesses in obese children and adolescents.
PURPOSE
This study aimed to evaluate optic nerve head parameters and inner retinal layer thicknesses in obese children and adolescents.
METHODS
Forty-one eyes of 41 pediatric obese participants and 41 eyes of 41 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were included in this study. Body mass index was calculated, based on sex and age, using body weight and height measurements. Blood lipid values (i.e., cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, and triglyceride) were measured in obese participants. Optical coherence tomography was used to examine optic nerve head parameters, including rim area, disc area, cup-to-disc ratio, and cup volume, as well as the thicknesses of retinal nerve fiber layers and macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layers.
RESULTS
Optic disc parameters were similar in obese and healthy children (p>0.05). The percentage of binocular retinal nerve fiber layer thickness symmetry was significantly different between obese and control groups (p=0.003). Compared to the control group, participants in the obese group exhibited thinner retinal nerve fiber layers in the superior quadrants (p=0.04) and thinner ganglion cell-inner plexiform layers in the superior-temporal sectors (p=0.04). There were no statistically significant correlations between the ocular parameters and lipid blood test values assessed in this study (p>0.05). Body mass index was significantly negatively correlated with the mean retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (r=-0.33, p=0.03) in the obese group. There was no significant correlation between intraocular pressure and body mass index (r=0.05, p=0.74).
CONCLUSION
Compared to healthy children, obese children had greater binocular retinal nerve fiber layer thickness asymmetry and thinner retinal nerve fiber and ganglion cell-inner plexiform layers in several sectors. Blood lipid levels were not associated with retinal thickness or optic disc parameters in obese children.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Humans; Nerve Fibers; Obesity; Optic Disk; Retina; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Tomography, Optical Coherence
PubMed: 33084815
DOI: 10.5935/0004-2749.20200047