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Maternal & Child Nutrition Apr 2022The Diabetes and Antenatal Milk Expressing (DAME) randomised controlled trial (RCT) was conducted in 2011-2015, at six sites in Melbourne, Australia to explore the... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
The Diabetes and Antenatal Milk Expressing (DAME) randomised controlled trial (RCT) was conducted in 2011-2015, at six sites in Melbourne, Australia to explore the effect of advising women with diabetes in pregnancy to express breast milk from 36 weeks gestation. Infants whose mothers were randomised to express in pregnancy were more likely to be exclusively breast milk fed during their hospital stay, and there was no evidence of harm. This paper explores women's views and experiences of antenatal expressing. In this two-arm RCT, 635 women with diabetes in pregnancy who were otherwise of low medical risk were randomised at 36-37 weeks gestation to usual care (not expressing, n = 316), or the intervention, where women were advised to hand express for 10 min twice daily until birth (n = 319). Semistructured face-to-face interviews were conducted with 10 women who expressed antenatally. They were asked about their experiences of antenatal expressing, including how they felt about the overall experience, the amount of breast milk they expressed, making time to express, and their experience of breastfeeding. Thematic analysis of the in-depth interviews identified six themes: (1) learning and adapting expressing, (2) feelings and sensations associated with expressing, (3) support, (4) dis/empowerment, (5) health, and (6) the value of breast milk. Women had both positive and negative experiences of antenatal expressing. If health professionals are advising antenatal expressing to women, it is important they understand the range of outcomes and experiences.
Topics: Breast Feeding; Diabetes Mellitus; Enkephalin, Methionine; Female; Humans; Infant; Milk, Human; Pregnancy; Prenatal Care; Qualitative Research
PubMed: 34939318
DOI: 10.1111/mcn.13307 -
Experimental Biology and Medicine... Sep 2020This research extends our knowledge about the presence and role of the OGF-OGFr regulatory axis in type 1 diabetes (T1D) and demonstrates specific targets within the...
This research extends our knowledge about the presence and role of the OGF-OGFr regulatory axis in type 1 diabetes (T1D) and demonstrates specific targets within the pathway that are dysregulated. Serum levels of OGF, an inhibitory growth factor, are significantly elevated in male T1D rats, and OGFr serum values are increased in T1D. The onset of elevated OGF corresponds to the onset of ocular surface complications including dry eye, delayed corneal epithelial repair, and abnormal corneal surface sensitivity in T1D. Systemic insulin does not protect against elevated OGF levels or the onset of dry eye and sensitivity. These data are the first to associate some ocular surface defects in T1D with alterations in the OGF-OGFr pathway.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Blood Glucose; Body Weight; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Epithelium, Corneal; Eye; Male; Neprilysin; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Re-Epithelialization; Receptors, Opioid; Time Factors
PubMed: 32640891
DOI: 10.1177/1535370220940273 -
Cells Jan 2024The recent emphasis on circadian rhythmicity in critical skin cell functions related to homeostasis, regeneration and aging has shed light on the importance of the...
The recent emphasis on circadian rhythmicity in critical skin cell functions related to homeostasis, regeneration and aging has shed light on the importance of the circadian clock gene as a vital antitumor gene. Furthermore, delta-opioid receptors (DOPrs) have been identified as playing a crucial role in skin differentiation, proliferation and migration, which are not only essential for wound healing but also contribute to cancer development. In this study, we propose a significant association between cutaneous opioid receptor (OPr) activity and circadian rhythmicity. To investigate this link, we conducted a 48 h circadian rhythm experiment, during which RNA samples were collected every 5 h. We discovered that the activation of DOPr by its endogenous agonist Met-Enkephalin in N/TERT-1 keratinocytes, synchronized by dexamethasone, resulted in a statistically significant 5.6 h delay in the expression of the core clock gene . Confocal microscopy further confirmed the simultaneous nuclear localization of the DOPr-β-arrestin-1 complex. Additionally, DOPr activation not only enhanced but also induced a phase shift in the rhythmic binding of β-arrestin-1 to the promoter. Furthermore, we observed that β-arrestin-1 regulates the transcription of its target genes, including , by facilitating histone-4 acetylation. Through the ChIP assay, we determined that Met-Enkephalin enhances β-arrestin-1 binding to acetylated H4 in the promoter. In summary, our findings suggest that DOPr activation leads to a phase shift in expression via β-arrestin-1-facilitated chromatin remodeling. Consequently, these results indicate that DOPr, much like its role in wound healing, may also play a part in cancer development by influencing .
Topics: Humans; beta-Arrestins; Receptors, Opioid; Keratinocytes; Circadian Rhythm; beta-Arrestin 1; Enkephalin, Methionine; Neoplasms
PubMed: 38334624
DOI: 10.3390/cells13030232