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Frontiers in Public Health 2023This systematic review and meta-analysis was to analyze the effects of a mindfulness program on mental health in university students. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVES
This systematic review and meta-analysis was to analyze the effects of a mindfulness program on mental health in university students.
METHODS
A systematic review was conducted using the databases Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science and CINAHL. The selected studies had to incorporate a mindfulness intervention in university students. The methodological quality of the collected articles was evaluated using the PEDro scale.
RESULTS
We initially identified 321 studies, of which 21 were included in this review. The interventions focused on mindfulness with durations ranging from 8 weeks to 3 months. The results demonstrated significant effects of a mindfulness intervention on mental health in university students.
CONCLUSION
This systematic review and meta-analysis found that mindfulness is effective for improving the mental health of college students.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
identifier: CRD42023441453.
Topics: Humans; Mindfulness; Mental Health; Universities; Depression; Students
PubMed: 38111480
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1284632 -
Medicine Jun 2024Hypertension, a prevalent chronic condition characterized by elevated blood pressure, is a significant global health burden, contributing to approximately 7.5 million... (Review)
Review
Hypertension, a prevalent chronic condition characterized by elevated blood pressure, is a significant global health burden, contributing to approximately 7.5 million premature deaths annually. While existing literature predominantly focuses on conventional treatment modalities, this paper offers unique insights into dependable approaches to hypertension management. Drawing upon epidemiological data, it highlights the increasing prevalence of hypertension across diverse populations, emphasizing demographic disparities and regional variations. This article underscores the need for tailored interventions considering individual risk profiles and socioeconomic determinants. Beyond conventional lifestyle modifications and pharmacological therapies, it explores emerging trends such as mindfulness-based interventions and integrative medicine in hypertension management. Additionally, it discusses the role of digital health technologies and telemedicine in enhancing patient engagement and remote monitoring, optimizing treatment outcomes. Furthermore, the paper addresses the evolving landscape of personalized medicine and genomic advancements in predicting individual responses to antihypertensive therapies, advocating for precision medicine approaches. This paper advocates for a holistic and patient-centered approach to hypertension management by offering a comprehensive overview of established and emerging strategies. It underscores the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration, continuous education, and innovative research endeavors to address the multifaceted challenges posed by hypertension and improve global cardiovascular health outcomes.
Topics: Humans; Hypertension; Telemedicine; Antihypertensive Agents; Precision Medicine; Mindfulness; Integrative Medicine; Life Style
PubMed: 38875433
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000038560 -
Scanning 2022Mindfulness cognitive therapy is based on mindfulness decompression, integrating the elements of cognitive behavioral therapy and related psychological education...
INTRODUCTION
Mindfulness cognitive therapy is based on mindfulness decompression, integrating the elements of cognitive behavioral therapy and related psychological education components, a set of mindfulness group courses designed.
OBJECTIVE
In order to explore the influence of mindfulness training on fluency and anxiety in shooting sports training.
METHODS
There are 22 athletes in a provincial shooting team, 12 in the experimental group and 10 people in the control group, grouped according to the random principle. A single-participant experiment design with multiple baseline levels of ABA was adopted.
RESULTS
The fluency state of the athletes has increased from 28.75 to 30.63; the average value before the intervention increased by 6.5%, PEM = 88%, explaining that the previous intervention has a moderate-intensity effect. The average value of athletes' sports competition anxiety state 205 before intervention was reduced to 171.25, reduced by 16.5%, PEM = 100%, showing that the intervention effect is very effective.
CONCLUSIONS
After the shooting athletes received the intervention of the mindfulness cognitive intervention method MBCT, the state of fluency is improved, the level of competition anxiety is reduced, and the experimental intervention basically confirmed the research hypothesis. This study confirms the moderating role of emotion regulation self-efficacy between mindfulness and the fluency of shooters and provides further impetus for the refinement and development of a push-up spiral model that explains mindfulness mechanisms.
Topics: Anxiety; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Humans; Mindfulness
PubMed: 35581970
DOI: 10.1155/2022/6069561 -
International Journal of Environmental... Feb 2022Previous studies have shown that dispositional mindfulness is positively associated with cognitive performance, including the ability to stop behavioral actions...
Previous studies have shown that dispositional mindfulness is positively associated with cognitive performance, including the ability to stop behavioral actions (formally called inhibitory control). However, some studies suggest that the relationship may be context dependent. The current study addressed previous limitations and focused on the role of reward context regarding the relationship between mindfulness and inhibitory control. Seventy-five participants (31 men, 44 women) between 18-50 years old (M = 30, SD = 9) were included in the final sample. Participants filled out a self-report measure of mindfulness and performed a stop signal task with three conditions that varied in terms of reward context. In the neutral condition, go stimuli (stimuli to which a response was required) were letters; in the food and money condition, these were pictures of food and money, respectively. Results showed that inhibitory control was reduced in the money condition relative to the neutral condition ( = 0.012). Mindfulness was positively correlated with inhibitory control, but only in the money condition ( = 0.001). However, results might differ when inhibitory control is required while perceiving a learned reward-related stimulus. The latter represents an open question for future research.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Female; Food; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mindfulness; Reward; Young Adult
PubMed: 35206388
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042201 -
Frontiers in Public Health 2022Physician burnout has significant adverse impacts on the wellbeing of individual physicians, and by extension the healthcare delivery systems of which they are part....
BACKGROUND
Physician burnout has significant adverse impacts on the wellbeing of individual physicians, and by extension the healthcare delivery systems of which they are part. Mindfulness is consistently cited as a pragmatic approach to effectively address burnout and enhance physician wellbeing. However, very few empirical studies have been published on Mindfulness Based Interventions (MBIs) for physicians. Moreover, the majority of these studies have been quantitative, leaving a gap in understanding the practical application of mindfulness in the context of physicians' daily lives.
OBJECTIVES
This paper outlines the rationale, development and design of a novel prospective qualitative study examining the acceptability, feasibility, and pragmatic application of a mindfulness intervention for physician wellness.
METHODS
The study will be conducted in three groups of at least 8 practicing physicians from a broad range of medical specialties at a tertiary care hospital in a large urban center in Eastern Canada. The intervention will consist of an innovative program based on the teachings of internationally renowned scholar and Zen Master Thích Nhãt Hạnh. It will include 5 weekly 2-h mindfulness sessions delivered by two health providers trained in mindfulness and in the teachings of Thich Nhat Hanh. The primary outcome measure will be an in-depth Thematic Analysis of post-program semi-structured interviews. Field data will also be collected through participant observation. The study will be theoretically grounded within the interpretive paradigm utilizing "the Mechanisms of Mindfulness Theory". An external advisory committee formed by four senior members of Thích Nhãt Hạnh's community will provide guidance across all phases of the study.
DISCUSSION
Our innovative approach provides a new framework to further understand the mechanisms by which mindfulness interventions can impact physician wellbeing, and by extension their patients, colleagues, and broader healthcare systems. Through a clear articulation of the rigorous application of accepted procedures and standards used in our protocol, this paper seeks to provide a roadmap for other researchers who wish to develop further studies in this area. Lessons learned in the preparation and conduction of this study can be applied to other healthcare contexts including non-physician health provider wellbeing, clinical care, and population-level mental health.
Topics: Burnout, Professional; Humans; Mindfulness; Physicians; Prospective Studies; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 35223736
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.807792 -
BMC Geriatrics Aug 2023Despite the need to incorporate seniors from various settings into mindfulness-based empirical research, issues of geriatric frailties and non-compliance remain. This... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of Mindfulness-Based Elder Care (MBEC) on symptoms of depression and anxiety and spiritual well-being of institutionalized seniors with disabilities: a randomized controlled trial.
BACKGROUND
Despite the need to incorporate seniors from various settings into mindfulness-based empirical research, issues of geriatric frailties and non-compliance remain. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a mindfulness-based elder care (MBEC) program on mental health and spiritual well-being among seniors with disabilities in long-term care residential settings.
METHODS
This single-blind, randomized controlled trial (RCT) randomly assigned seventy-seven participants into an MBEC group or control group of an eight-week MBEC program. Participants were assessed every four weeks at baseline (T), mid-intervention (T), post-intervention (T) and follow-up (T) using the Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form (GDS-SF), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWBS), respectively.
RESULTS
Linear mixed model (LMM) showed that MBEC participants' mental health improved significantly after completing the intervention; compared with controls, the MBEC group exhibited significantly lower anxiety (state-anxiety at T; trait-anxiety at T and T) and fewer depressive symptoms. Spiritual well-being was also significantly enhanced compared to that in the control group.
CONCLUSIONS
MBEC has positive effects on both mental health and spiritual well-being outcomes among seniors with disabilities. In long-term care facilities, seniors with abilities have the potential to adhere to and engage in activities of a mindfulness-based intervention. This low risk, easily accessible, and effective 8-week program is recommended to be integrated into regular long-term care institutional routines.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
This study was registered with Clinical Trial Registry (ClinicalTrials.gov - U.S. National Library of Medicine #NCT05123261. Retrospectively registered on 07/04/2021.). The CONSORT 2010 guidelines were used in this study for properly reporting how the randomized trial was conducted.
Topics: Aged; Humans; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Depression; Disabled Persons; Mindfulness; United States; Residential Facilities; Mental Health; Religion and Medicine
PubMed: 37596549
DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04220-6 -
Clinical Psychology Review Mar 2023While Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is recommended as first-line treatment for depression, a significant minority do not show an adequate treatment response.... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Comparing the efficacy of mindfulness-based therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy for depression in head-to-head randomized controlled trials: A systematic review and meta-analysis of equivalence.
BACKGROUND
While Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is recommended as first-line treatment for depression, a significant minority do not show an adequate treatment response. Despite evidence for the efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Therapies (MBT) both in treating current depression and preventing relapse, it remains unknown whether MBT and CBT are equivalent in the treatment of current depression.
METHODS
Five databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) directly comparing MBT with CBT and including depression as primary or secondary outcome.
RESULTS
When pooling the results of 30 independent RCTs with a total of 2750 participants, MBT and CBT were statistically significantly equivalent at both post-intervention (Hedges's g = -0.009; p < .001) and follow-up (g = -0.033; p = .001). Supplementary Bayesian analyses provided further support for the alternative hypothesis of no difference between MBT and CBT. When exploring possible sources of heterogeneity, the differences at follow-up were smaller between CBT and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) than between CBT and mindfulness-based stress-reduction (MBSR) (Slope = 0.37;p = .022).
CONCLUSION
The currently available evidence suggests that that MBT and CBT are equally efficacious in treating current adult depression. It remains unclear whether the similar effects of the two intervention types are due to different mechanisms or common factors.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Mindfulness; Depression; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 36527794
DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2022.102234 -
International Journal of Environmental... Feb 2023Mindfulness practice and mindfulness-based interventions are widely known, especially for women's sexuality. However, it is currently unknown how this practice affects... (Review)
Review
Mindfulness practice and mindfulness-based interventions are widely known, especially for women's sexuality. However, it is currently unknown how this practice affects the experience of male sexuality, possibly due to the existence of pharmacological treatments that are usually the first choice of treatment for men. The objectives of this study are to explore the influence of mindfulness on different components of men's sexuality from a scoping review of relevant scientific articles existing in the literature. A literature search from 2010 to 2022 was carried out in the electronic databases MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Dialnet, SciELO Citation Index, and Redalyc. Out of the 238 studies, 12 that met the defined selection criteria were selected. The analysis of these studies seems to indicate that the practice of mindfulness favours different variables of male sexuality, such as satisfaction and sexual functioning or genital self-image. Mindfulness-based interventions represent a valuable and promising contribution. No adverse effects were detected from the review of scientific articles considered in this work. Nevertheless, more randomized studies with active control groups are necessary to establish the benefits of mindfulness-based interventions in sex therapy for men.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Mindfulness; Sexual Behavior; Sexuality; Personal Satisfaction
PubMed: 36834434
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043739 -
Current Opinion in Psychology Aug 2019Previous research has found that very few, if any, psychological or physiological processes are universally beneficial. Instead, positive phenomena tend to follow a... (Review)
Review
Previous research has found that very few, if any, psychological or physiological processes are universally beneficial. Instead, positive phenomena tend to follow a non-monotonic or inverted U-shaped trajectory where their typically positive effects eventually turn negative. This review investigates mindfulness-related processes for signs of non-monotonicity. A number of mindfulness-related processes-including, mindful attention (observing awareness, interoception), mindfulness qualities, mindful emotion regulation (prefrontal control, decentering, exposure, acceptance), and meditation practice-show signs of non-monotonicity, boundary conditions, or negative effects under certain conditions. A research agenda that investigates the possibility of mindfulness as non-monotonic may be able to provide an explanatory framework for the mix of positive, null, and negative effects that could maximize the efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions.
Topics: Attention; Awareness; Emotional Regulation; Humans; Interoception; Meditation; Mindfulness
PubMed: 30708288
DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2018.12.011 -
Developmental Psychobiology Sep 2021Newborn neurobehavioral competencies portend a young child's abilities to modulate their arousal and attention in response to dynamic environmental cues. Although...
Newborn neurobehavioral competencies portend a young child's abilities to modulate their arousal and attention in response to dynamic environmental cues. Although evidence suggests prenatal contributions to newborn neurobehavioral differences, no study to date has examined wellness-promoting traits, such as a pregnant woman's mindfulness, in this association. We examined whether a mother's mindfulness while pregnant related to neurobehavioral outcomes in her neonate, as well as whether maternal mindfulness moderated the link between prenatal maternal emotion dysregulation and newborn neurobehavior. Mothers (N = 162) reported on their mindfulness and emotion dysregulation while pregnant. Newborn arousal and attention were assessed at least 24 h after birth (M = 3.8 days, SD = 8.3) using the NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale (NNNS). Highly mindful pregnant women reported lower levels of emotion dysregulation. Newborns of highly mindful mothers exhibited higher levels of arousal (e.g., excitability, motor activity) but did not differ in regards to attention at birth. Maternal emotion dysregulation while pregnant was associated with blunted newborn attention, but only among mothers who were less mindful. Our findings suggest that a mother's mindfulness while pregnant may influence her fetus' neurobehavioral development in ways that are evident at birth.
Topics: Arousal; Attention; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Mindfulness; Mothers; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications
PubMed: 34053072
DOI: 10.1002/dev.22131