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Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton,... 2021Noninvasive, robust, and reproducible methods to image kidneys are provided by different imaging modalities. A combination of modalities (multimodality) can give better...
Noninvasive, robust, and reproducible methods to image kidneys are provided by different imaging modalities. A combination of modalities (multimodality) can give better insight into structure and function and to understand the physiology of the kidney. Magnetic resonance imaging can be complemented by a multimodal imaging approach to obtain additional information or include interventional procedures. In the clinic, renal ultrasound has been essential for the diagnosis and management of kidney disease and for the guidance of invasive procedures for a long time. Adapting ultrasound to preclinical requirements and for translational research, the combination with photoacoustic imaging expands the capabilities to obtain anatomical, functional, and molecular information from animal models. This chapter describes the basic concepts of how to image kidneys using different and most appropriate modalities.This chapter is based upon work from the COST Action PARENCHIMA, a community-driven network funded by the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) program of the European Union, which aims to improve the reproducibility and standardization of renal MRI biomarkers. This introduction chapter is complemented by two separate chapters describing the experimental procedure and data analysis.
Topics: Animals; Biomarkers; Kidney; Kidney Diseases; Mice; Multimodal Imaging; Photoacoustic Techniques; Rats; Reproducibility of Results; Software; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 33475997
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0978-1_7 -
Current Opinion in Chemical Biology Aug 2021Molecular imaging aims to depict the molecules in living patients. However, because this aim is still far beyond reach, patchworks of different solutions need to be used... (Review)
Review
Molecular imaging aims to depict the molecules in living patients. However, because this aim is still far beyond reach, patchworks of different solutions need to be used to tackle this overarching goal. From the vast toolbox of imaging techniques, we focus on those recent advances in optical microscopy that image molecules and cells at the submicron to centimeter scale. Mesoscopic imaging covers the "imaging gap" between techniques such as confocal microscopy and magnetic resonance imagingthat image entire live samples but with limited resolution. Microscopy focuses on the cellular level; mesoscopy visualizes the organization of molecules and cells into tissues and organs. The correlation between these techniques allows us to combine disciplines ranging from whole body imaging to basic research of model systems. We review current developments focused on improving microscopic and mesoscopic imaging technologies and on hardware and software that push the current sensitivity and resolution boundaries.
Topics: Animals; Biological Transport; Contrast Media; Deep Learning; Fluorescent Dyes; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Microscopy, Confocal; Molecular Imaging; Multimodal Imaging; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Staining and Labeling; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
PubMed: 34198170
DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.05.003 -
Cancer Research Mar 2021In animal models of cancer, oncologic imaging has evolved from a simple assessment of tumor location and size to sophisticated multimodality exploration of molecular,... (Review)
Review
In animal models of cancer, oncologic imaging has evolved from a simple assessment of tumor location and size to sophisticated multimodality exploration of molecular, physiologic, genetic, immunologic, and biochemical events at microscopic to macroscopic levels, performed noninvasively and sometimes in real time. Here, we briefly review animal imaging technology and molecular imaging probes together with selected applications from recent literature. Fast and sensitive optical imaging is primarily used to track luciferase-expressing tumor cells, image molecular targets with fluorescence probes, and to report on metabolic and physiologic phenotypes using smart switchable luminescent probes. MicroPET/single-photon emission CT have proven to be two of the most translational modalities for molecular and metabolic imaging of cancers: immuno-PET is a promising and rapidly evolving area of imaging research. Sophisticated MRI techniques provide high-resolution images of small metastases, tumor inflammation, perfusion, oxygenation, and acidity. Disseminated tumors to the bone and lung are easily detected by microCT, while ultrasound provides real-time visualization of tumor vasculature and perfusion. Recently available photoacoustic imaging provides real-time evaluation of vascular patency, oxygenation, and nanoparticle distributions. New hybrid instruments, such as PET-MRI, promise more convenient combination of the capabilities of each modality, enabling enhanced research efficacy and throughput.
Topics: Animals; Biomarkers, Tumor; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Multimodal Imaging; Neoplasms, Experimental; Photoacoustic Techniques; Positron-Emission Tomography; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 33262127
DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-20-0373 -
Experimental Biology and Medicine... Apr 2021As a hybrid optical microscopic imaging technology, photoacoustic microscopy images the optical absorption contrasts and takes advantage of low acoustic scattering of... (Review)
Review
As a hybrid optical microscopic imaging technology, photoacoustic microscopy images the optical absorption contrasts and takes advantage of low acoustic scattering of biological tissues to achieve high-resolution anatomical and functional imaging. When combined with other imaging modalities, photoacoustic microscopy-based multimodal technologies can provide complementary contrast mechanisms to reveal complementary information of biological tissues. To achieve intrinsically and precisely registered images in a multimodal photoacoustic microscopy imaging system, either the ultrasonic transducer or the light source can be shared among the different imaging modalities. These technologies are the major focus of this minireview. It also covered the progress of the recently developed penta-modal photoacoustic microscopy imaging system featuring a novel dynamic focusing technique enabled by OCT contour scan.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Microscopy; Multimodal Imaging; Photoacoustic Techniques; Retina; Tomography, Optical Coherence
PubMed: 33297735
DOI: 10.1177/1535370220977176 -
Journal of Biomedical Optics Feb 2020
A stable multimodal system is developed by combining two common-path digital holographic microscopes (DHMs): coherent and incoherent, for simultaneous recording and...
A stable multimodal system is developed by combining two common-path digital holographic microscopes (DHMs): coherent and incoherent, for simultaneous recording and retrieval of three-dimensional (3-D) phase and 3-D fluorescence imaging (FI), respectively, of a biological specimen. The 3-D FI is realized by a single-shot common-path off-axis fluorescent DHM developed recently by our group. In addition, we accomplish, the phase imaging by another single-shot, highly stable common-path off-axis DHM based on a beam splitter. In this DHM configuration, a beam splitter is used to divide the incoming object beam into two beams. One beam serves as the object beam carrying the useful information of the object under study, whereas another beam is spatially filtered at its Fourier plane by using a pinhole and it serves as a reference beam. This DHM setup, owing to a common-path geometry, is less vibration-sensitive and compact, having a similar field of view but with high temporal phase stability in comparison to a two-beam Mach-Zehnder-type DHM. The performance of the proposed common-path DHM and the multimodal system is verified by conducting various experiments on fluorescent microspheres and fluorescent protein-labeled living cells of the moss
.Physcomitrella patens . Moreover, the potential capability of the proposed multimodal system for 3-D live fluorescence and phase imaging of the fluorescent beads is also demonstrated. The obtained experimental results corroborate the feasibility of the proposed multimodal system and indicate its potential applications for the analysis of functional and structural behaviors of a biological specimen and enhancement of the understanding of physiological mechanisms and various biological diseases.Topics: Bryopsida; Holography; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Multimodal Imaging; Optical Imaging
PubMed: 32030941
DOI: 10.1117/1.JBO.25.3.032010 -
Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases Oct 2019Multimodality imaging plays an important role in the initial evaluation, diagnosis and management of patients suspected of having a cardiomyopathy. Beyond functional and... (Review)
Review
Multimodality imaging plays an important role in the initial evaluation, diagnosis and management of patients suspected of having a cardiomyopathy. Beyond functional and anatomical information, multimodality imaging provides important variables that facilitate risk stratification and prognosis evaluation. Whatever the underlying suspected cardiomyopathy, echocardiography is the most common initial imaging test used to establish the presence of cardiomyopathy, by depicting structural and functional abnormalities. However, echocardiographic findings are non-specific, and therefore have a limited role in identifying the underlying aetiology. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging allows characterization of myocardial tissue, which can be of great help in identifying the aetiology of the cardiomyopathy. When a specific aetiology is suspected, particularly inflammation, F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography is recommended. The clinician should be capable of selecting the appropriate imaging techniques for each clinical scenario. Each technique has strengths and weaknesses, which should be known. In order to improve diagnostic performance, and as proposed by the European Association for Cardiovascular Imaging, cardiovascular imaging groups must be composed of experts from all modalities. The future of multimodality imaging in the diagnosis and management of cardiomyopathies will also involve evolution of its use in care, teaching and research. Training goals for future cardiac imaging experts must be defined; academic and industry partnerships should enable the connection to be made between imaging data and clinical data on the one hand and outcomes on the other hand, using big-data analysis and artificial intelligence.
Topics: Cardiomyopathies; Humans; Multimodal Imaging; Predictive Value of Tests; Prognosis; Reproducibility of Results; Risk Factors
PubMed: 31607558
DOI: 10.1016/j.acvd.2019.07.004 -
International Journal of Biological... 2022In recent years, with the standardization of radiomics methods; development of tools; and popularization of the concept, radiomics has been widely used in all aspects of... (Review)
Review
In recent years, with the standardization of radiomics methods; development of tools; and popularization of the concept, radiomics has been widely used in all aspects of tumor diagnosis; treatment; and prognosis. As the study of radiomics in cancer has become more advanced, the currently used methods have revealed their shortcomings. The performance of cancer radiomics based on single-modality medical images, which based on their imaging principles, only partially reflects tumor information, has been necessarily compromised. Using the whole tumor as a region of interest to extract radiomic features inevitably leads to the loss of intra-tumoral heterogeneity of, which also affects the performance of radiomics. Radiomics of multimodal images extracts various aspects of information from images of each modality and then integrates them together for model construction; thus, avoiding missing information. Subregional segmentation based on multimodal medical image combinations allows radiomics features acquired from subregions to retain tumor heterogeneity, further improving the performance of radiomics. In this review, we provide a detailed summary of the current research on the radiomics of multimodal images of cancer and tumor subregion-based radiomics, and then raised some of the research problems and also provide a thorough discussion on these issues.
Topics: Humans; Multimodal Imaging; Neoplasms
PubMed: 35637947
DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.71046 -
Advances in Colloid and Interface... Nov 2023It is well known that metal-organic framework (MOF) nanostructures have unique characteristics such as high porosity, large surface areas and adjustable functionalities,... (Review)
Review
It is well known that metal-organic framework (MOF) nanostructures have unique characteristics such as high porosity, large surface areas and adjustable functionalities, so they are ideal candidates for developing drug delivery systems (DDSs) as well as theranostic platforms in cancer treatment. Despite the large number of MOF nanostructures that have been discovered, conventional MOF-derived nanosystems only have a single biofunctional MOF source with poor colloidal stability. Accordingly, developing core-shell MOF nanostructures with good colloidal stability is a useful method for generating efficient drug delivery, multimodal imaging and synergistic therapeutic systems. The preparation of core-shell MOF nanostructures has been done with a variety of materials, but inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) are highly effective for drug delivery and imaging-guided tumor treatment. Herein, we aimed to overview the synthesis of core-shell inorganic NP@MOF nanostructures followed by the application of core-shell MOFs derived from magnetic, quantum dots (QDs), gold (Au), and gadolinium (Gd) NPs in drug delivery and imaging-guided tumor treatment. Afterward, we surveyed different factors affecting prolonged drug delivery and cancer therapy, cellular uptake, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and enhanced permeation and retention (EPR) effect of core-shell MOFs. Last but not least, we discussed the challenges and the prospects of the field. We envision this article may hold great promise in providing valuable insights regarding the application of hybrid nanostructures as promising and potential candidates for multimodal imaging-guided combination cancer therapy.
Topics: Humans; Metal-Organic Frameworks; Drug Delivery Systems; Neoplasms; Nanostructures; Multimodal Imaging
PubMed: 37812992
DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.103007 -
Theranostics 2019Despite recent improvements in imaging and therapy, prostate cancer (PCa) still causes substantial morbidity and mortality. In surgical treatment, incomplete resection... (Review)
Review
Despite recent improvements in imaging and therapy, prostate cancer (PCa) still causes substantial morbidity and mortality. In surgical treatment, incomplete resection of PCa and understaging of possible undetected metastases may lead to disease recurrence and consequently poor patient outcome. To increase the chance of accurate staging and subsequently complete removal of all cancerous tissue, prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) targeting agents may provide the surgeon an aid for the intraoperative detection and resection of PCa lesions. Two modalities suitable for this purpose are radionuclide detection, which allows sensitive intraoperative localization of tumor lesions with a gamma probe, and fluorescence imaging, allowing tumor visualization and delineation. Next to fluorescence, use of photosensitizers may enable intraoperative targeted photodynamic therapy to eradicate remaining tumor lesions. Since radiodetection and optical imaging techniques each have their own strengths and weaknesses, a combination of both modalities could be of additional value. Here, we provide an overview of recent preclinical and clinical advances in PSMA-targeted radio- and fluorescence-guided surgery of PCa.
Topics: Animals; Antigens, Surface; Fluorescent Dyes; Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II; Humans; Male; Multimodal Imaging; Optical Imaging; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Prostatic Neoplasms; Radiopharmaceuticals; Surgery, Computer-Assisted
PubMed: 31660071
DOI: 10.7150/thno.36739 -
The Journal of Neuroscience : the... Sep 2023Chemogenetic tools provide an opportunity to manipulate neuronal activity and behavior selectively and repeatedly in nonhuman primates (NHPs) with minimal invasiveness....
Chemogenetic tools provide an opportunity to manipulate neuronal activity and behavior selectively and repeatedly in nonhuman primates (NHPs) with minimal invasiveness. Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs (DREADDs) are one example that is based on mutated muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. Another channel-based chemogenetic system available for neuronal modulation in NHPs uses pharmacologically selective actuator modules (PSAMs), which are selectively activated by pharmacologically selective effector molecules (PSEMs). To facilitate the use of the PSAM/PSEM system, the selection and dosage of PSEMs should be validated and optimized for NHPs. To this end, we used a multimodal imaging approach. We virally expressed excitatory PSAM (PSAM4-5HT3) in the striatum and the primary motor cortex (M1) of two male macaque monkeys, and visualized its location through positron emission tomography (PET) with the reporter ligand [F]ASEM. Chemogenetic excitability of neurons triggered by two PSEMs (uPSEM817 and uPSEM792) was evaluated using [F]fluorodeoxyglucose-PET imaging, with uPSEM817 being more efficient than uPSEM792. Pharmacological magnetic resonance imaging (phMRI) showed that increased brain activity in the PSAM4-expressing region began ∼13 min after uPSEM817 administration and continued for at least 60 min. Our multimodal imaging data provide valuable information regarding the manipulation of neuronal activity using the PSAM/PSEM system in NHPs, facilitating future applications. Like other chemogenetic tools, the ion channel-based system called pharmacologically selective actuator module/pharmacologically selective effector molecule (PSAM/PSEM) allows remote manipulation of neuronal activity and behavior in living animals. Nevertheless, its application in nonhuman primates (NHPs) is still limited. Here, we used multitracer positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and pharmacological magnetic resonance imaging (phMRI) to visualize an excitatory chemogenetic ion channel (PSAM4-5HT3) and validate its chemometric function in macaque monkeys. Our results provide the optimal agonist, dose, and timing for chemogenetic neuronal manipulation, facilitating the use of the PSAM/PSEM system and expanding the flexibility and reliability of circuit manipulation in NHPs in a variety of situations.
Topics: Animals; Male; Reproducibility of Results; Ion Channels; Primates; Multimodal Imaging; Macaca
PubMed: 37620158
DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0625-23.2023