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Biomolecules Dec 2023The advancement of stem cell therapy has offered transformative therapeutic outcomes for a wide array of diseases over the past decades. Consequently, stem cell tracking... (Review)
Review
The advancement of stem cell therapy has offered transformative therapeutic outcomes for a wide array of diseases over the past decades. Consequently, stem cell tracking has become significant in revealing the mechanisms of action and ensuring safe and effective treatments. Fluorescence stands out as a promising choice for stem cell tracking due to its myriad advantages, including high resolution, real-time monitoring, and multi-fluorescence detection. Furthermore, combining fluorescence with other tracking modalities-such as bioluminescence imaging (BLI), positron emission tomography (PET), photoacoustic (PA), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance (MR)-can address the limitations of single fluorescence detection. This review initially introduces stem cell tracking using fluorescence imaging, detailing various labeling strategies such as green fluorescence protein (GFP) tagging, fluorescence dye labeling, and nanoparticle uptake. Subsequently, we present several combinations of strategies for efficient and precise detection.
Topics: Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Positron-Emission Tomography; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Multimodal Imaging
PubMed: 38136656
DOI: 10.3390/biom13121787 -
Current Heart Failure Reports Jun 2022To summarise the role of different imaging techniques for diagnosis and investigation of heart failure in women. (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
To summarise the role of different imaging techniques for diagnosis and investigation of heart failure in women.
RECENT FINDINGS
Although sex differences in heart failure are well recognised, and the scope of imaging techniques is expanding, there are currently no specific guidelines for imaging of heart failure in women. Diagnosis and stratification of heart failure is generally performed first line using transthoracic echocardiography. Understanding the aetiology of heart failure is central to ongoing management, and with non-ischaemic causes more common in women, a multimodality approach is generally required using advanced imaging techniques including cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging, nuclear imaging techniques, and cardiac computed tomography. There are specific considerations for imaging in women including radiation risks and challenges during pregnancy, highlighting the clear unmet need for cardiology and imaging societies to provide imaging guidelines specifically for women with heart failure.
Topics: Cardiology; Echocardiography; Female; Heart Failure; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Multimodal Imaging; Societies, Medical
PubMed: 35507121
DOI: 10.1007/s11897-022-00545-2 -
Philosophical Transactions. Series A,... Jun 2021This special issue focuses on synergistic tomographic image reconstruction in a range of contributions in multiple disciplines and various application areas. The topic...
This special issue focuses on synergistic tomographic image reconstruction in a range of contributions in multiple disciplines and various application areas. The topic of image reconstruction covers substantial inverse problems (Mathematics) which are tackled with various methods including statistical approaches (e.g. Bayesian methods, Monte Carlo) and computational approaches (e.g. machine learning, computational modelling, simulations). The issue is separated in two volumes. This volume focuses mainly on algorithms and methods. Some of the articles will demonstrate their utility on real-world challenges, either medical applications (e.g. cardiovascular diseases, proton therapy planning) or applications in material sciences (e.g. material decomposition and characterization). One of the desired outcomes of the special issue is to bring together different scientific communities which do not usually interact as they do not share the same platforms (such as journals and conferences). This article is part of the theme issue 'Synergistic tomographic image reconstruction: part 1'.
Topics: Algorithms; Bayes Theorem; Computer Simulation; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Machine Learning; Mathematical Concepts; Monte Carlo Method; Multimodal Imaging; Tomography
PubMed: 33966460
DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2020.0189 -
Abdominal Radiology (New York) Oct 2021The spleen plays an important role in the immunological homeostasis of the body. Several neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases may affect this organ, and imaging is of... (Review)
Review
The spleen plays an important role in the immunological homeostasis of the body. Several neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases may affect this organ, and imaging is of fundamental importance for diagnosis. Infectious diseases of the spleen can be encountered in daily radiology practice, and differential diagnosis may sometimes be challenging. Infectious involvement of the spleen can be primary or secondary to a different source outside the spleen. Despite the fact that different infectious diseases may cause similar imaging findings, we believe that differential diagnosis between different causes may also be possible in certain patients with imaging. Early diagnosis may potentially enhance patients' treatment and outcome. In this review, we aimed to increase imaging specialists' awareness of splenic infections by describing the multimodality imaging features of common and atypical infections of the spleen with their differential diagnoses.
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Multimodal Imaging; Radiography; Splenic Diseases
PubMed: 34047800
DOI: 10.1007/s00261-021-03130-8 -
Optics Letters Mar 2022To understand the dynamics of tissue stiffness during neural tube formation and closure in a murine model, we have developed a multimodal, coaligned imaging system...
To understand the dynamics of tissue stiffness during neural tube formation and closure in a murine model, we have developed a multimodal, coaligned imaging system combining optical coherence tomography (OCT) and Brillouin microscopy. Brillouin microscopy can map the longitudinal modulus of tissue but cannot provide structural images. Thus, it is limited for imaging dynamic processes such as neural tube formation and closure. To overcome this limitation, we have combined Brillouin microscopy and OCT in one coaligned instrument. OCT provided depth-resolved structural imaging with a micrometer-scale spatial resolution to guide stiffness mapping by Brillouin modality. 2D structural and Brillouin frequency shift maps were acquired of mouse embryos at gestational day (GD) 8.5, 9.5, and 10.5 with the multimodal system. The results demonstrate the capability of the system to obtain structural and stiffness information simultaneously.
Topics: Animals; Mice; Microscopy; Multimodal Imaging; Neural Tube; Tomography, Optical Coherence
PubMed: 35290310
DOI: 10.1364/OL.453996 -
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology Sep 2021The challenges of hybridizing PET and MRI as a simultaneous modality have been largely overcome in recent times. PET hybridized with MRI has seen the emergence of...
The challenges of hybridizing PET and MRI as a simultaneous modality have been largely overcome in recent times. PET hybridized with MRI has seen the emergence of PET/MRI systems in the clinical setting, and with it comes a responsibility to adapt appropriate facility design, safety practices, protocols and procedures, and clinical opportunity. This article provides an insight into the considerations and challenges associated with PET/MR technology. Given that the nature of PET is well established among the readership of this journal, the article provides an introduction to the foundations of MRI instrumentation and emphasis on specific technologic aspects of PET/MR systems. This article is the second in a 4-part integrated series sponsored by the PET/MR and Publication Committees of the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging-Technologist Section, building on the previous article (part 1), which was on establishing a facility. In subsequent parts, PET/MRI will be explored on the basis of protocols and procedures (part 3) and applications and clinical cases (part 4).
Topics: Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Multimodal Imaging; Positron-Emission Tomography; Technology; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 33722925
DOI: 10.2967/jnmt.120.261862 -
The British Journal of Radiology Aug 2021With advancements in surgical techniques and immuno-suppression, renal transplantation is established as the most effective treatment option in patients with end-stage... (Review)
Review
With advancements in surgical techniques and immuno-suppression, renal transplantation is established as the most effective treatment option in patients with end-stage renal disease. Early detection of renal allograft complications is important for long-term graft survival. Late clinical presentation often causes diagnostic delays till the time allograft failure is advanced and irreversible. Imaging plays a key role in routine surveillance and in management of acute or chronic transplant dysfunction. Multimodality imaging approach is important with ultrasound-Doppler as the first-line imaging study in immediate, early and late post-transplant periods. Additional imaging studies are often required depending on clinical settings and initial ultrasound. Renal functional MRI is a rapidly growing field that has huge potential for early diagnosis of transplant dysfunction. Multiparametric MRI may be integrated in clinical practice as a noninvasive and comprehensive "one-stop" modality for early diagnosis and longitudinal monitoring of renal allograft dysfunctions, which is essential for guiding appropriate interventions to delay or prevent irreversible renal damage. With rapidly increasing numbers of renal transplantation along with improved patient survival, it is necessary for radiologists in all practice settings to be familiar with the normal appearances and imaging spectrum of anatomical and functional complications in a transplant kidney. Radiologist"s role as an integral part of multidisciplinary transplantation team continues to grow with increasing numbers of successful renal transplantation programs across the globe.
Topics: Humans; Kidney Transplantation; Multimodal Imaging; Postoperative Complications
PubMed: 34233470
DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20201253 -
Theranostics 2020Multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles and derivative nanocomposites have aroused great concern for multimode imaging and cancer synergistic therapies in recent years.... (Review)
Review
Multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles and derivative nanocomposites have aroused great concern for multimode imaging and cancer synergistic therapies in recent years. Among the rest, functional magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (FeO NPs) have shown great potential as an advanced platform because of their inherent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), biocatalytic activity (nanozyme), magnetic hyperthermia treatment (MHT), photo-responsive therapy and drug delivery for chemotherapy and gene therapy. Magnetic FeO NPs can be synthesized through several methods and easily surface modified with biocompatible materials or active targeting moieties. The MRI capacity could be appropriately modulated to induce response between and modes by controlling the size distribution of FeO NPs. Besides, small-size nanoparticles are also desired due to the enhanced permeation and retention (EPR) effect, thus the imaging and therapeutic efficiency of FeO NP-based platforms can be further improved. Here, we firstly retrospect the typical synthesis and surface modification methods of magnetic FeO NPs. Then, the latest biomedical application including responsive MRI, multimodal imaging, nanozyme, MHT, photo-responsive therapy and drug delivery, the mechanism of corresponding treatments and cooperation therapeutics of multifunctional FeO NPs are also be explained. Finally, we also outline a brief discussion and perspective on the possibility of further clinical translations of these multifunctional nanomaterials. This review would provide a comprehensive reference for readers to understand the multifunctional FeO NPs in cancer diagnosis and treatment.
Topics: Animals; Drug Delivery Systems; Humans; Hyperthermia, Induced; Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles; Multimodal Imaging; Neoplasms; Phototherapy; Theranostic Nanomedicine
PubMed: 32483453
DOI: 10.7150/thno.42564 -
Journal of Translational Medicine Jun 2023Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is a fast-growing and highly aggressive brain tumor that invades the nearby brain tissue and presents secondary nodular lesions across the... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is a fast-growing and highly aggressive brain tumor that invades the nearby brain tissue and presents secondary nodular lesions across the whole brain but generally does not spread to distant organs. Without treatment, GBM can result in death in about 6 months. The challenges are known to depend on multiple factors: brain localization, resistance to conventional therapy, disrupted tumor blood supply inhibiting effective drug delivery, complications from peritumoral edema, intracranial hypertension, seizures, and neurotoxicity.
MAIN TEXT
Imaging techniques are routinely used to obtain accurate detections of lesions that localize brain tumors. Especially magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) delivers multimodal images both before and after the administration of contrast, which results in displaying enhancement and describing physiological features as hemodynamic processes. This review considers one possible extension of the use of radiomics in GBM studies, one that recalibrates the analysis of targeted segmentations to the whole organ scale. After identifying critical areas of research, the focus is on illustrating the potential utility of an integrated approach with multimodal imaging, radiomic data processing and brain atlases as the main components. The templates associated with the outcome of straightforward analyses represent promising inference tools able to spatio-temporally inform on the GBM evolution while being generalizable also to other cancers.
CONCLUSIONS
The focus on novel inference strategies applicable to complex cancer systems and based on building radiomic models from multimodal imaging data can be well supported by machine learning and other computational tools potentially able to translate suitably processed information into more accurate patient stratifications and evaluations of treatment efficacy.
Topics: Humans; Brain Neoplasms; Brain; Glioblastoma; Drug Delivery Systems; Multimodal Imaging
PubMed: 37308956
DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04222-3 -
Radiographics : a Review Publication of... 2020Neurodegenerative diseases are a devastating group of disorders that can be difficult to accurately diagnose. Although these disorders are difficult to manage owing to... (Review)
Review
Neurodegenerative diseases are a devastating group of disorders that can be difficult to accurately diagnose. Although these disorders are difficult to manage owing to relatively limited treatment options, an early and correct diagnosis can help with managing symptoms and coping with the later stages of these disease processes. Both anatomic structural imaging and physiologic molecular imaging have evolved to a state in which these neurodegenerative processes can be identified relatively early with high accuracy. To determine the underlying disease, the radiologist should understand the different distributions and pathophysiologic processes involved. High-spatial-resolution MRI allows detection of subtle morphologic changes, as well as potential complications and alternate diagnoses, while molecular imaging allows visualization of altered function or abnormal increased or decreased concentration of disease-specific markers. These methodologies are complementary. Appropriate workup and interpretation of diagnostic studies require an integrated, multimodality, multidisciplinary approach. This article reviews the protocols and findings at MRI and nuclear medicine imaging, including with the use of flurodeoxyglucose, amyloid tracers, and dopaminergic transporter imaging (ioflupane). The pathophysiology of some of the major neurodegenerative processes and their clinical presentations are also reviewed; this information is critical to understand how these imaging modalities work, and it aids in the integration of clinical data to help synthesize a final diagnosis. Radiologists and nuclear medicine physicians aiming to include the evaluation of neurodegenerative diseases in their practice should be aware of and familiar with the multiple imaging modalities available and how using these modalities is essential in the multidisciplinary management of patients with neurodegenerative diseases.RSNA, 2020.
Topics: Dementia; Humans; Molecular Imaging; Multimodal Imaging; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Neuroimaging
PubMed: 31917652
DOI: 10.1148/rg.2020190070