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Current Osteoporosis Reports Oct 2022Cognitive impairment is associated with obesity, sarcopenia, and osteoporosis. However, no critical appraisal of the literature on the relationship between... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Cognitive impairment is associated with obesity, sarcopenia, and osteoporosis. However, no critical appraisal of the literature on the relationship between musculoskeletal deficits and cognitive impairment, focusing on the epidemiological evidence and biological mechanisms, has been published to date. Herein, we critically evaluate the literature published over the past 3 years, emphasizing interesting and important new findings, and provide an outline of future directions that will improve our understanding of the connections between the brain and the musculoskeletal system.
RECENT FINDINGS
Recent literature suggests that musculoskeletal deficits and cognitive impairment share pathophysiological pathways and risk factors. Cytokines and hormones affect both the brain and the musculoskeletal system; yet, lack of unified definitions and standards makes it difficult to compare studies. Interventions designed to improve musculoskeletal health are plausible means of preventing or slowing cognitive impairment. We highlight several musculoskeletal health interventions that show potential in this regard.
Topics: Cognitive Dysfunction; Cytokines; Hormones; Humans; Musculoskeletal System; Sarcopenia
PubMed: 35764750
DOI: 10.1007/s11914-022-00736-9 -
Frontiers in Neurology 2021Musculoskeletal pain is commonly experienced in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Few studies have investigated the clinical characteristics and risk factors...
BACKGROUND
Musculoskeletal pain is commonly experienced in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Few studies have investigated the clinical characteristics and risk factors associated with musculoskeletal pain.
OBJECTIVES
To investigate the distribution, clinical characteristics, and factors associated with musculoskeletal pain in a large sample of patients with PD.
METHODS
We enrolled 452 patients from two clinics and used a standardized questionnaire to collect demographic and clinical information. Musculoskeletal pain was diagnosed based on the Ford Classification System, and pain severity was assessed with the numeric rating scale (NRS). Multivariate regression models explored the association between clinical features of PD and quality of life and pain.
RESULTS
Two hundred and six patients (45.58%) reported musculoskeletal pain, typically in their lower limbs and backs. Levodopa resulted in a ≥30% reduction in pain intensity scores in 170 subjects. Female sex (odds ratio [OR], 1.57; 95% CI, 1.07-2.29) and Levodopa-equivalent daily doses (LEDDs; OR, 3.35; 95% CI, 1.63-6.59) were associated with an increased risk for musculoskeletal pain. Pain duration ( = 0.017), motor symptoms ( < 0.001), and depression ( < 0.001) were significantly associated with quality of life.
CONCLUSIONS
The lower limbs and back are common sites of musculoskeletal pain in patients with PD, and up to 82.52% of patients were responsive to Levodopa. Female sex and LEDDs are associated with musculoskeletal pain, suggesting that dopamine deficiencies, and not the motor and non-motor impairment, might be the most critical baseline risk factor of musculoskeletal pain.
PubMed: 35126283
DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.756538 -
Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and... Nov 2021The clinical diagnosis of musculoskeletal infections can be challenging due to non-specific signs and symptoms on presentation. These infections include infectious... (Review)
Review
The clinical diagnosis of musculoskeletal infections can be challenging due to non-specific signs and symptoms on presentation. These infections include infectious myositis, necrotising fasciitis, septic arthritis, septic bursitis, suppurative tenosynovitis, osteomyelitis, spondylodiscitis and periprosthetic infections. Diagnostic imaging is routinely employed as part of the investigative pathway to characterise the underlying infectious disease pattern, allowing expedited and customised patient management plans to optimise outcomes. This article provides an update on the various imaging modalities comprising of radiography, computed tomography, ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging and radionuclide procedures, and incorporates representative images of key findings in the different forms of musculoskeletal infections.
PubMed: 34603957
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcot.2021.101600 -
Medical Principles and Practice :... 2020Recent studies indicate that India is an endemic region for Burkholderia pseudomallei infection. We aimed to describe the clinical presentation of B. pseudomallei...
OBJECTIVE
Recent studies indicate that India is an endemic region for Burkholderia pseudomallei infection. We aimed to describe the clinical presentation of B. pseudomallei infection of the musculoskeletal system and summarise the various treatment modalities used in our clinical practice.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS
Patients with confirmed microbiological diagnosis of B. pseudomallei infection involving the musculoskeletal system treated from January 2007 to December 2016 with a minimum follow-up of 1 year were included. A retrospective review of medical records was carried out and patients' demographic data, co-morbidities, clinical presentation, and details of medical and surgical treatment were documented.
RESULTS
Of 342 patients diagnosed with B. pseudomallei infection, 37 (9.2%) had musculoskeletal involvement; 26 patients (23 males) followed up for at least a year were included in the study. Four patients (15%) had multisystem involvement and 10 (37%) had multiple musculoskeletal foci of infection; 15 patients (58%) had osteomyelitis, 10 (38%) had septic arthritis with or without osteomyelitis, and 1 patient (4%) presented with only soft tissue abscess. All patients required surgical intervention in addition to medical management. Surgical treatment varied from soft tissue abscess drainage, arthrotomy for septic arthritis, decompression and curettage for osteomyelitis, and/or use of antibiotic (meropenem or ceftazidime)-loaded polymethylmethacrylate bone cement for local drug delivery. At final follow-up (average: 37 months, range: 12-120), all patients were disease free.
CONCLUSION
We found the rate of musculoskeletal involvement in B. pseudomallei infection to be 9.2%. Appropriate surgical treatment in addition to medical management resulted in resolution of disease in all our patients.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Burkholderia pseudomallei; Female; Humans; India; Male; Melioidosis; Middle Aged; Musculoskeletal Diseases; Musculoskeletal System; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult
PubMed: 31473744
DOI: 10.1159/000503021 -
AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology Sep 2019For many years, MRI of the musculoskeletal system has relied mostly on conventional sequences with qualitative analysis. More recently, using quantitative MRI... (Review)
Review
For many years, MRI of the musculoskeletal system has relied mostly on conventional sequences with qualitative analysis. More recently, using quantitative MRI applications to complement qualitative imaging has gained increasing interest in the MRI community, providing more detailed physiologic or anatomic information. In this article, we review the current state of quantitative MRI, technical and software advances, and the most relevant clinical and research musculoskeletal applications of quantitative MRI.
Topics: Humans; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Musculoskeletal Diseases; Musculoskeletal System; Software
PubMed: 30995086
DOI: 10.2214/AJR.19.21143 -
Frontiers in Bioengineering and... 2020The incidence of musculoskeletal diseases is steadily increasing with aging of the population. In the past years, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have gained attention in... (Review)
Review
The incidence of musculoskeletal diseases is steadily increasing with aging of the population. In the past years, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have gained attention in musculoskeletal research. EVs have been associated with various musculoskeletal pathologies as well as suggested as treatment option. EVs play a pivotal role in communication between cells and their environment. Thereby, the EV cargo is highly dependent on their cellular origin. In this review, we summarize putative mechanisms by which EVs can contribute to musculoskeletal tissue homeostasis, regeneration and disease, in particular matrix remodeling and mineralization, pro-angiogenic effects and immunomodulatory activities. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) present the most frequently used cell source for EV generation for musculoskeletal applications, and herein we discuss how the MSC phenotype can influence the cargo and thus the regenerative potential of EVs. Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells (iMPs) may overcome current limitations of MSCs, and iMP-derived EVs are discussed as an alternative strategy. In the last part of the article, we focus on therapeutic applications of EVs and discuss both practical considerations for EV production and the current state of EV-based therapies.
PubMed: 33553127
DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.624096 -
Zeitschrift Fur Medizinische Physik Aug 2023Photoacoustic (PA) imaging has been extensively investigated in application in biomedicine over the last decade. This article reviews the motivation, significance, and... (Review)
Review
Photoacoustic (PA) imaging has been extensively investigated in application in biomedicine over the last decade. This article reviews the motivation, significance, and system configuration of a few ongoing studies of implementing photoacoustic technology in musculoskeletal imaging, abdominal imaging, and interstitial sensing. The review then summarizes the methodologies and latest progress of relevant projects. Finally, we discuss our expectations for the future of translation research in PA imaging.
Topics: Diagnostic Imaging; Photoacoustic Techniques; Humans; Musculoskeletal System; Abdomen
PubMed: 37365088
DOI: 10.1016/j.zemedi.2023.04.009 -
Current Osteoporosis Reports Oct 2022The incidence of musculoskeletal disorders affecting bones, joints, and muscles is dramatically increasing in parallel with the increased longevity of the worldwide... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
The incidence of musculoskeletal disorders affecting bones, joints, and muscles is dramatically increasing in parallel with the increased longevity of the worldwide population, severely impacting on the individual's quality of life and on the healthcare costs. Inactivity and sedentary lifestyle are nowadays considered the main drivers of age-associated musculoskeletal disorders and exercise may counteract such alterations also in other bone- and muscle-centered disorders. This review aims at clarifying the potential use of exercise training to improve musculoskeletal health.
RECENT FINDINGS
Both the skeletal muscle and the bone are involved in a complex crosstalk determining, in part through tissue-specific and inflammatory/immune released factors, the occurrence of musculoskeletal disorders. Exercise is able to modulate the levels of those molecules and several associated molecular pathways. Evidence from preclinical and clinical trials supports the adoption of exercise and the future use of exercise mimicking drugs will optimize the care of individuals with musculoskeletal disorders.
Topics: Exercise; Exercise Therapy; Humans; Musculoskeletal Diseases; Quality of Life; Sedentary Behavior
PubMed: 35881303
DOI: 10.1007/s11914-022-00739-6 -
International Journal of Environmental... Jun 2020The objective of this study was to reveal RULA method applications in terms of the knowledge, country, year and journal categories. The search was performed using the... (Review)
Review
The objective of this study was to reveal RULA method applications in terms of the knowledge, country, year and journal categories. The search was performed using the "Web of Science Core Collection". The period from 1993 to April 2019 was selected. Eight hundred nine results were obtained, of which 226 were used. The largest number of publications was determined to be in the fields of industry and health and social assistance, which coincides with the OWAS and Standardized Nordic Questionnaire methods. By country, the USA stands out for its greater number of research studies and categories that are encompassed. By date, 2016 was the year when more studies were carried out, again coinciding with the Standardized Nordic Questionnaire. By journal, "Work-A Journal of Prevention Assessment and Rehabilitation" is highlighted, as it is for the REBA method as well. It was concluded that RULA can be applied to workers in different fields, usually in combination with other methods, while technological advancement provides benefits for its application.
Topics: Bibliometrics; Ergonomics; Humans; Industry; Musculoskeletal Diseases; Occupational Diseases; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors
PubMed: 32560566
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124354 -
Frontiers in Public Health 2023
Topics: Humans; Musculoskeletal Diseases; Exercise
PubMed: 38222089
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1337093